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Nuclear Safety Resources Management (Nu-SRM):
An Approach toward Strengthening Safety Culture
through the Integrated Management System in Korea
Sa Kil Kim, Yong Hee Lee, Tong Il Jang, Yong Hee Lee, Dong Young Lee
I&C/Human Factors Research Division
26-30, Nov., 2012 IAEA Tech. Meeting Safety Culture during Pre-Operational Phases
Prologue
Personal Information
3
Name
Sa Kil Kim
Formal Background/Education
Ph.D., Industrial Engineering, Kyung Hee Univ.
Work Experience
Senior Researcher in KAERI from June 2009 to now
My Own Definition of Safety Culture
Safety Culture is common awareness among members in
the organization to improve plants safety firstly.
Contents
I. Background
II. Basic Framework of the Nu-SRM
III. Discussion
I. Background
Recent Major Issues in Korea Nuclear Industry
6
Received order
for UAE NPP Project
2009
2010
2011
2012
Safety Injection of
Shin-Kori Unit 1
Completed the
construction of Shin-
Kori Unit 3 reactor
building
Fukushima Daiichi
Accident in Japan
Kori Unit 1 incident
(SBO) concealment
Good News Bad News
Delivery corruption
Quality counterfeit
6
Organizational Factors in Human Error Events
7
Individual
40.7%
Environment
7.3%
Organization
51.9%
Unintended Trip Events in Korea
(186 cases, 2000 - 2011)
Others(79.57%)
Human Errors
(20.43%)
Key Hazards of Human Errors
Source: KAERI, Technical report for investigations on human error hazards in
recent unintended trip events of Korea nuclear power plants, KAERI/TR, 2012
Nuclear Power’s Dilemma in Korea
8
Energy Security vs. Public Acceptance
Energy Security: Energy Situation in Korea
Source: 2011 Energy Info. Korea, KEEI, December 2011 9
Public Acceptance: Benchmarking?
10
Public Acceptance: Benchmarking UK?
11
Korea
?
Source: BBC World Service/Globe Scan, November 2011.
Shifting Opinions
Agree: Nuclear Power is relatively safe/important electricity source/should build new plant
Public Acceptance: Benchmarking UK?
12
Support for replacement new build in UK reaches a new high point of 50%
Source: Ipsos MORI poll, all adults aged 16+ (1,000-2000), December 2011.
Fukushima Daiichi Accident
Strategic Approach to the Dilemma
13
Firstly public acceptance,
at the same time energy security inherently.
Current Issues in Korea Nuclear Industry
14
How to ensure public acceptance?
How to improve organizational safety innovatively?
How to settle down and strengthen safety culture?
Endeavor of Nuclear Power Company
15
Improving accident reporting system
Reinforcing electric power system (eg, movable generator)
Reinforcing periodic safety review
Spreading safety culture (eg, IAEA SCART, self-assessment)
Safety Experts’ Worries
16
Is it possible that the nuclear power company can overcome current
issues alone?
If safety culture were spread then public acceptance will be ensured?
Is the safety culture a key to resolve current issues?
Can be settle down or strengthen the safety culture?
How to settle down or strengthen the safety culture?
How about Integrated Management System?
17
Is it possible that the nuclear power company can overcome current issues alone?
☞ No, government intervention is necessary.
If safety culture were spread then public acceptance will be ensured?
☞ Partially yes, safety culture is one of the key factors to ensure the public
acceptance.
Is the safety culture a key to resolve current issues?
☞ No, safety culture is not a solution but a method.
Can be settle down or strengthen the safety culture?
☞ Strongly yes, however, it is difficult with just assessment.
How to settle down or strengthen the safety culture?
☞ Building a integrated management system to strengthen safety culture is the
key.
Nuclear Safety Resources Management
18
Nu-SRM (Nuclear Safety Resources
Management) is based on
Integrated Management System.
II. Basic Framework of the Nu-SRM
Concept of Nu-SRM
20
Nu-SRM is a new operation technology to strengthen safety culture
continuously though systematically managing all safety resources 1). 1) Safety resources: indispensible resources to improve safety such as human, task,
organization, information etc.
Core engine of the Nu-SRM is a platform, which controls deviations
of safety resources by real time processing.
Safety Culture and Nu-SRM
21
Safety Information Resources
Crew
Resource
Management
Task Resource
Management
Organization
Resource
Management
Requirements Requirements
Requirements
Feedback Feedback
Information
Nu-SRM
Safety Culture
Safety Culture is like eliminating hydrogen in containment
Mechanism to Strengthen Safety Culture
22
Internal Safety Information
(Incident & accident, Safety culture
survey data etc.)
Integrated
Management
System
Improving crew
capability
Plant
Facilities
Assessment
and
evaluation
module
(Fitness for
duty, team
performance
, safety
culture
etc.)
Technical measures
Management
measures External
Information
Workers
characteristics
Difference
among teams,
organizations,
countries etc.
International
and domestic
issues
Others
Improving
organizational system
Improving task
process
Operating
Organization
Integration &
Planning Actions
Surveillance &
Feedback
Configuration of the Nu-SRM
23
Safety information resource management platform
Crew resource management module
Task resource management module
Organization resource management module
1 platform and 3 modules
Safety Information Resource Management Platform
24
Safety Information Infrastructure
Analyzing workers
characteristics
Incidents/
accidents
reanalysis
Assessing
safety culture
Information DB /
System dynamic
models
External
information
surveillance
Operating system (including supplier) Plant facilities and equipment /
operating history
Surveilling
Incidents/accidents
Crew Resource Management Module
25
Leadership
&
fellowship
program
Evaluating and Managing Crew Safety Capability
Team
decision
making
program
Shared
situation
awareness
program
Optimal
decision
making
manual
Task
supporting
interface
Improving Crew Safety Capability
Conflict
manag.
program
Managing
Fitness For Duty
EAP
Health
manag
.
…
Human resource
management program Basic CRM training program
Task Resource Management Module
26
Robust safety & quality management program
Overhaul
procedure
management
program
Safety Information Resource Management Platform
Integrated
maintenance
program
Test
management
program
Maintenance
process
manual
Test
process
manual
Improving Task Process for Safety
Organization Resource Management Module
27
System dynamic modeling, organizational characteristics
analysis, safety culture assessment
Robust
organizational
safety program
Robust Safety & Quality Management Program
Safety
management
policy and
public relations
program
Learning
organization
program
Enterprise
operating
program
Self-
diagnosis
and
learning
manual
Improving Organizational Safety Capability
III. Discussion
Nu-SRM
Crew safety
capability
Evaluation and
Assessment
Organizational
Capability
Task process
for safety
Robust Safety
information
Reward
Safety
Safety Culture
Safety Culture = Centrifugal Force
29
Nu-SRM during Pre-Operational Phase
Detail Design
Task analysis
No
Trial
run
CP/OP O & M Basic Design Concept Design
acceptable?
yes
Conceptual
drawing
MCR
mock-up
Basic
drawing
Detailed
drawing
MCR
simulator
OEM
Functional requirement analysis & function allocation
Staffing and qualification
Human reliability analysis
Implement
design
Human performance monitoring
HFE V&V
Developing procedure
Developing training program
Planning safety management system
Operating Nu-SRM Building safety management system
Human factors issues tracking system (DB) 30
