Nuclear Renaissance: Addressing the Nuclear Renaissance: Addressing the

Challenges of Nuclear Power Challenges of Nuclear Power

Capacities ExpansionCapacities Expansion

Natalia V. Saraeva

MS Candidate

School of Foreign Service

Georgetown University

OutlineOutline

Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming

and Why? and Why?

Concern Over Nuclear Power ExpansionConcern Over Nuclear Power Expansion

Current Efforts: International StandardizationCurrent Efforts: International Standardization Current Efforts: International StandardizationCurrent Efforts: International Standardization

An International CenterAn International Center

Conclusion

Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming Nuclear Renaissance: Is It Coming

and Why? and Why?

International collaboration in peaceful nuclear

energy is growing

Over 50 new reactors are under construction

Over 30 nation-states consider nuclear power

generation capacities

Concern over energy security

Concern over climate change

Nuclear Power Under Serious Consideration Nuclear Power Under Serious Consideration Europe:

Italy, Albania, Serbia, Portugal, Norway,

Poland, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia,

Ireland, TurkeyCentral and

Southern Asia:

Azerbaijan,

Georgia,

Kazakhstan,

Mongolia,

Bangladesh.

SE Asia:

Indonesia,

Philippines,

Vietnam, Thailand,

Malaysia, Australia,

New Zealand

South America:

Chile, Ecuador,

Venezuela

Middle East and North Africa:

Iran, Gulf states including UAE,

Yemen, Israel, Syria, Jordan,

Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Algeria,

Morocco

West, Central and

Southern Africa:

Nigeria, Ghana,

Senegal, Uganda,

Namibia

Bangladesh.

East Asia:

North Korea

Concern Over Nuclear Power ExpansionConcern Over Nuclear Power Expansion

Safety, Security, Nonproliferation, Nuclear

terrorism: especially risky in countries that never

had nuclear power before.

The French Nuclear Safety Authority: will be The French Nuclear Safety Authority: will be

selective about providing assistance in countries

that had never experienced nuclear power before.

Globalization of nuclear technologies market: a

need for universal standard for NPP construction,

operation, decommission.

Current Efforts: International Current Efforts: International

StandardizationStandardization

WNA proposed conceptual

framework: three phase approach

for governments and regulators:

1. Share design assessment

2. Validate and accept design

approval

3. Issue international design

certification (international

agreement)

An International CenterAn International Center

Licensing companies that implement design

construction etc of NPP

Control of compliance with international standards

License NPPs operators License NPPs operators

An International Center An International Center

Accepting applications for construction of NPPs

Assessing risks (political, economical, operational, military) of

constructingNPPs in particular areas

Decisions making on accepting/ rejecting applicationsDecisions making on accepting/ rejecting applications

Conducting bid on NPPs construction in the case of positive

decision on construction NPP

Education and training of personal for NPPs and/or licensing

the respective Universities worldwide

Control of the construction, exploitation process

An International CenterAn International Center

Ideally all nation states should be the subject

of consideration

Establishment will take time

Tricky in terms of nation states rights for the Tricky in terms of nation states rights for the

peaceful use of nuclear energy (under article

IV of the NPT treaty)

It is a right time to start

ConclusionConclusion

Nuclear Renaissance becomes realityNuclear Renaissance becomes reality

International standardization and licensing is International standardization and licensing is

crucial crucial

One of the ways creation of an International One of the ways creation of an International One of the ways creation of an International One of the ways creation of an International

Center Center