nuclear reactions review - nucpc100.ph.man.ac.uk
TRANSCRIPT
Nuclear Reactions Review
PHYS40622
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
1010
1011
1012
1013
Atomic electron binding energies
Nuclear 1st Excited States
Energy Released in Fission
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Kinetic Energy gained by an electron in 1 Volt
Energy Scales in Subatomic Physics
eV
MeV
keV
GeV
TeV
Mass-Energy of Electron
x rays
rays
Mass-Energy of a Nucleon. Coulomb barrier
Stellar Fusion temperatures
Mass-Energy of a Nucleon
Nuclear Flash Temperature
10-24
10-21
10-18
10-15
10-12
10-9
10-6
10-3
100
103
106
109
1012
1015
Saddle to Scission time
Lifetimes of excited nuclear states
Isomeric states
Age of Universe for formation of d
Transit of light past nucleus. QGP target ~fm/c
Time Scales in Nuclear Physics
ms
fs
s
year
Transit of nucleon in nuclear orbit
Mean life of a proton in the Sun
ns
ps
b-decay of nuclear ground statesAge of Universe as QGP
hr Neutron lifetime
Key Theoretical concepts
Partial Wave Expansion – Angular Momentum in HI Collisions (SCO)
Quantum Tunnelling - Fission and Thermonuclear Fusion (WKB)
Collective vs. Single-particle – Fission Shell-corrected Liquid Drops
Macroscopic Concepts applied to Microscopic Systems -- Temperature and Pressure, Nuclear Equation of State. Friction.
Differential Cross-sections as Probabilities
Quantum Interference in Scattering
Key Phenomena• Fission.• Fission Isomers.• Giant Resonances – Dipole and Monopole• Fusion ( Thermonuclear and near Barrier ).• Astrophysical r and s processes.• Deep Inelastic HI Collisions.• Quark Gluon Plasma (?)
Fission
2
1
2/1
2)(22
EVBd
FF fefp
AZ
AaZaxs
c22
02.02
Giant Resonances
2/1
2GMR
0
rmE
2sym2 8mA
ZNau
Heavy Ion Cross Sections
l
llR Tl
k 02 )12(
CM
IIfus E
VR 12
2
02 )(cossin)12(1
l
lll
i Pelkd
dl
Astrophysical Applications
22 2 cZZE BAG
3/12
0 4
TkEE BG
vNnn
1
Neutron Capture
Thermonuclear Fusion
Simulation of Au on Au at 200 GeV.
Nuclear Collisions at Relativistic Energies
Nuclear Collision at RHIC
Examinations and Past Papers
• This academic year the exam will follow the standard for 3rd year papers (i.e. Qu. 1 compulsory then choose 2 from Qu. 2-4, resulting in 3 questions in 1 1/2 hours)
• There will be a formula sheet at the start of the paper. Symbols will have their usual meanings but there will be no definitions given.
• Some overlap with course material means that students may benefit from attempting selected problems from past papers in the following courses:
• PC462/PYS40622 "Nuclear Reactions" (until 2010)• PHYS40421 "Advances in Nuclear Physics" (2010-2013)
12
2
M
Q
Electron Scattering
Elastic Scattering
sin21sin4
cos
0420
2
Mpp
Z
dd