november 2010 classification definitions 431 - 1 class … · november 2010 classification...

November 2010 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS 431 - 1

November 2010

CLASS 431, COMBUSTION

SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This is the residual class for processes of combustion orcombustion starting, and for apparatus peculiarlyadapted to burn or ignite materials.

SECTION II - NOTES TO THE CLASS DEFINI-TION

(1) Note. A fuel discharge nozzle is a subcom-bination of basic subject matter of this classif it is specialized for use in combustionsolely (1) by discrete means transmittingflame between distinct fuel discharge areas;(2) by flashback preventing or controllingstructure (3) by an incandescing compo-nent; (4) by means maintaining a reignitingflame; or (5) by flame enclosing, protectingor stabilizing structure.

(2) Note. Patents issued prior to 1940 have notin all instances been classified by theirclaimed disclosure so the placement ofthese patents does not necessarily indicatelines of classification.

SECTION III - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSESAND WITHIN THIS CLASS

See References To Other Classes, below, for informa-tion about lines with other classes.

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHERCLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:44, Fuel and Related Compositions, subclasses

507+ for a match structure; subclass 643 for aresidual match striking surface, per se; sub-classes 530+ for fuel product of defined shapeor structure; and subclasses 542+ for fuel prod-ucts coated or impregnated for easier ignition.

48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating, appropriatesubclass, for an apparatus or process for themanufacture, purification, mixing, distributionor storage of heating or illuminating gas with-out combustion thereof. Also, when a portionof the generated gas is burned to generate thegas and another portion of the generated gas is

purified, fixed or stored, classification is inClass 48.

60, Power Plants, subclasses 39.01+ for a combus-tion product generator, per se, or subcombina-tion thereof peculiarly adapted for powergeneration, or solely disclosed for such pur-pose; and appropriate subclasses for a residualdevice producing mechanical power or thrustfrom fuel.

102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclasses 283+for a shaped thermic or explosive charge; sub-classes 335+ for a device other than a pho-tos:graphic flash device burning a packagedcharge containing both fuel and oxidizer fordisplay, amusement flashlight or signal pur-poses, e.g., flare, etc.; subclasses 335+ for anexplosive or thermic charge within a casing;and subclasses 464+ for a fuse, primer origniter for igniting a thermic or explosivecharge. See (1) Note of the class definition ofClass 102 for a statement of the types of mate-rial used in the devices of this class.

110, Furnaces, appropriate subclass for process ofburning solid fuel even though the solid fuel becombined with a gas or liquid fuel, the linebetween Classes 110 and 431 relative to com-bustion apparatus is: Class 110 takes solid fuelburners that have a feature specialized to theburning of such fuel, e.g., a grate, solid fuelpreparer or treater other than a mere preheater,a slag or ash remover, a mechanical feeder suchas a conveyor, etc. Class 431 takes gaseous andliquid fuel combustion apparatus and burnersutilizing a finely divided fuel dispersed in air inwhich the mixture merely acts as a fluid fuelstream, even though it is defined by terms suchas solid fuel burner, fuel suspension burner, etc.Class 431 also takes candles, jelled fuel burn-ers, magnesium strip burners and illuminatingflash devices of the combustion type. Combus-tion apparatus for or a method of burning liquidwaste material, however, is proper in Class110. Also, search Class 110 for the followingfurnace elements, subcombinations or appurte-nances: subclasses 119+ for spark arrestors;subclasses 145+ for spark and smoke conduc-tors; subclasses 147+ for draft regulators for afurnace; subclasses 165+ for an ash receivingor handling device; subclass 172 for a furnacefront; subclasses 173+ for a door specializedfor use in a furnace; subclass 181 for a casingor arch specialized for use in a furnace door;subclasses 182.5+ for a conduit specialized tofeeding air to a furnace; subclass 184 for a

431 - 2 CLASSIFICATION DEFINITIONS November 2010

1November 2010

metal smoke stack specialized for use with alocomotive or portable boiler.

122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, appropriatesubclasses for a heat generator, (e.g., fuelburner, etc.) specifically related to a closedholder of liquid to be heated, or combined witha specific closed liquid holder. However, whenthe liquid heated is fed to the burner head of aburner assembly and the closed chamber orconduit is merely an element of the burnerassembly, classification is in Class 431.

123, Internal-Combustion Engines, appropriate sub-class for a device specialized to the productionof power in which fuel is burned in an expansi-ble chamber.

126, Stoves and Furnaces, for the apparatus for theapplication of heat, and for the stove and fur-nace elements specifically provided for in thevarious subclasses; see particularly subclasses144+ for a firepot or lining, subclasses 285+for a damper, and subclasses 307+ for a stovepipe.

136, Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric, subclasses 217+ for a residual thermoelectricgenerator heated by a pilot burner.

137, Fluid Handling, appropriate subclass for aresidual fluid handling or feeding invention ofgeneral utility. The recitation that a fuel is han-dled or that the invention comprises a burnerdoes not bar classification in Class 137 whereno particulars of a flame holding element norsignificant relationship of a flame holder andfuel handler based upon the combustibility ofthe fuel fed to the flame holder is involved.

149, Explosive and Thermic Compositions orCharges, appropriate subclass for an explosiveor thermic composition, or charge, e.g., matchcomposition, etc.

206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclasses 85+for a tobacco container with an igniter for saidcontent and subclasses 96+ for a match packet,container or holder.

219, Electric Heating, subclasses 260+ for an incan-descent type of electrically operated igniter, perse.

221, Article Dispensing, subclasses 136+ for anarticle dispenser combined with an ignitionmeans.

236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regula-tion, appropriate subclass for a control systemregulating the temperature of a chamber ormaterial where no more of the structure of themeans supplying or removing heat is includedthan is necessary to bring out its relationship to

the control system. It is noted that for Class236 an igniter, flame sensor or pilot burner is apart of the control structure rather than of thecontrolled temperature modifying burner. It isalso noted that a residual apparatus specializedto combustion and having either a broad or spe-cific burner is classified in Class 431 where theoperation of the temperature modifying burneris simply initiated or terminated by a broad “offand on” thermostat sensing and responding tothe temperature of the chamber or materialheated by the burner.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, appropriate subclass for subject matter relatingto the emission from a fluid handling system inmodified flow, of fluid or slurry, and for theemitter member, per se. An indication that afuel is handled or that the emitted material isburned (e.g., named welding torch, etc.) doesnot bar classification in Class 239 in theabsence of a feature or structure dependentupon the combustion or combustibility of thefuel specializing the invention to combustion.

(a) The structure listed in Notes to theClass Definition (1) Note above and thefollowing features or elements are amongthose that distinguish a specialized fueldischarger classifiable in Class 431 froma Class 239 structure: (1) A device forstarting combustion at the discharger suchas a pilot or igniter even nominallyrecited. (2) A sensor of combustion heatin, or burner flame at the discharger, con-trolling feed to the discharger.

313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appro-priate subclass for an air gap discharge device(e.g., spark plug etc.), per se.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses 247+ for a residual electrical ignit-ing system.

362, Illumination, appropriate subclasses for an illu-mination device comprising a light source, e.g.,a burner etc., combined (1) with a device thatencloses the light source and transmits the lighttherefrom or (2) with a light distributor. How-ever, patents issued prior to 1940, having aconventionally shown light transmitting or dis-tributing device and specific burner structurehave been placed in the appropriate burner sub-class in Class 431.

417, Pumps, subclasses 73+, for a pumping systemoperated by combustion displacement of theliquid and appropriate subclass for a pumping


November 2010

system that may handle fuel where combustionof the material handled is not involved.

422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, appro-priate subclasses for apparatus for generating atreating agent by burning a combustible mate-rial, a combustion or reaction device for purify-ing a gas, or with means for recovering,mixing, separating, or otherwise handling as aproduct material formed in the device or resid-ual chemical apparatus.

423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, appropri-ate subclass, for inorganic compounds andnonmetallic elements including their manufac-ture by chemical reaction, and note especiallysubclasses 212+ for exhaust gas purification orseparation.

429, Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Appa-ratus, Product, and Process, subclass 441 for afuel cell with a means for heating by combus-tion.

432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for a residualmethod or apparatus for generating heat andapplying it to materials.

SECTION V - GLOSSARY

BURNER

Term generic to “burner assembly”, “burner head” and“flame holder”.

BURNER ASSEMBLY

A unitary device or fixture including a flame holder andassociated feeding or supporting elements.

BURNER HEAD

A device by which fluent fuel is passed to a combustionspace where it forms a flame projecting from the device.

CLEANING

The dislodging of extraneous matter or incrustations.

COMBUSTION

The direct combination of oxygen gas and a burnablesubstance.

FLAME HOLDER

Generic term for the part of a combustion device confin-ing the flame or supporting the base of a flame. Itincludes burner heads, the flame supporting portion ofwicks, the pots of pot type burners, etc.

FLASH BACK

The spread of flame from a combustion area into a feedpassage of a burner head.

FLINT

A body of material that produces igniting sparks whenstruck. It is generally made of an alloy of iron andcerium.

PILOT BURNER

A small auxiliary unit used to ignite a principal flameholder.

PURGING

The removal of unwanted material.

RETARDER

A device that provides for the delay of completion ofperformance of an operation after its initiating signalhas been given, e.g., dashpot, time delay switch, etc.

SCAVENGING

The flushing out of unwanted gas or gas mixture byanother gas or gas mixture.

SHUTDOWN

The term is used in this class to indicate that a combus-tion device has been stopped and that it cannot be madeto operate except by manual intervention.

SUBCLASSES

1 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Subject matter including means or stepsfor causing combustion of a continuing seriesof intermittent fuel charges which create a peakcombustion followed by a minimum combus-tion rate, regularly or in definite repeating pat-terns.


1November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:60, Power Plants, subclasses 39.76+ for

an intermittent combustion type ofcombustion product generator dis-closed solely for use for powder pro-duction.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 624.13+for a timer or programmer controlledfluid handling system of general util-ity providing for a repeating cycle.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 99+ for a fluidsprinkling or spraying device of gen-eral utility with means causing inter-mittent interruption of supply to thedistributing means and subclass 101for a sprinkling device of general util-ity with means for fluctuating flow orpressure of fluid supplied to it.

251, Valves and Valve Actuation, sub-classes 48+ for a fluid retarder ortimer for a valve that may produce apulsed feeding.

441, Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices, subclass 13 for a flashing aquaticbuoy.

2 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Processes pertaining to: burning fuel,operating a burner, or starting combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 341+ for meth-

ods of operating refuse incineratorsand solid fuel furnaces.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 3+ for aprocess not specialized to combustionfor the mixing of plural fluids ofdiverse characteristics or conditions.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 1+ for a process ofsprinkling, spraying or diffusing afluid (e.g., fuel) not specialized tocombustion.

3 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes involving (1) the addition of acleansing or decarbonizing substance to thefuel; (2) a procedure that eliminates or preventsthe formation of carbon and other deposits inthe burner; or (3) clearing residual or undesiredmatter (e.g., vapor) out of a burner assembly.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:29+, for the automatic control of scavenger

means.32, for the automatic control of cleaning

means.121+, for combustion apparatus with clean-

ing, purging or scavenging means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:44, Fuel and Related Compositions, sub-

classes 300+ for a liquid fuel admixedwith anti-oxidants, corrosion inhibi-tors, gum inhibitors, stabilizers, pre-servatives in general etc.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 15.01through 15.26 for a process of clean-ing, repairing, or assembling.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 9 for a fluid sprin-kling, spraying or diffusing processnot requiring combustion involvingdissolving or mixing a material in aflowing liquid stream and combiningthe stream with air, gas or steam.

4 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes including feeding a substance to theflame additional to the normal fuel and oxidiz-ing material to act as a protective agent or togive the flame some special characteristic.


classes 300+ for a liquid fuel compo-sition that may include a flame modi-fying additive.

48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating, sub-classes 89+ for a retort generatingheating or illuminating gas fed withsteam or water, and subclasses 204+for a heating or illuminating gas pro-cess involving water or steam.

60, Power Plants, subclass 775 for a com-bustion products generating processinvolving the addition of steam orwater to the combustion products.

126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 59.5for an orchard device generatingsmoke by combustion.


November 2010

5 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes of burning combustible constituentsremaining in the gaseous waste effluent of anindustrial or power plant or process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:202, for the structural installation of a com-

bustion device that may use waste gasas fuel, e.g., flare burner, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:60, Power Plants, subclasses 272+, for

the handling or treatment of theexhaust of an internal combustionengine.

422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Dis-infecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, orSterilizing, subclasses 198+ for a fur-nace that may be used for such purifi-cation.

423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclasses 210+ for purifying or sepa-rating gases by chemical reaction andnote especially 212+ for exhaustgases.

6 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes involving: (1) initial supplying ofburner feed; (2) ignition of fuel; or (3) stepsbringing about termination of combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:60, Power Plants, subclasses 776 through

777 for a process of ignition of acombustion products generator dis-closed solely for use in power produc-tion.

7 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes of injecting fuel into a bed of refrac-tory material or a porous refractory memberand burning it therein or adjacent its surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:170, for a furnace in which combustion

takes place in a permeable mass.326+, for a porous capillary, particulate or

sieve-like flame holder.

8 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes involving the manner in which thefeed is discharged into the region where com-bustion takes place, or the manner in which theflame is shaped into a pattern.

9 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.Processes in which the shaping of the flame ordistributing the components includes (1) whirl-ing the combustion components within thecombustion zone; or (2) directing removed orburning material towards or into the incomingfeed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:115+, for combustion product return struc-

ture.173, for feed projected tangentially to the

wall of a circular combustion cham-ber.

10 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.Processes including the step of supplying a dis-tinct stream of an oxidizer, such as air, into aburning mixture of fuel and oxidizer.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:351, for a flame holder including means

feeding air at axially spaced points ofthe flame.

11 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes of heating either the fuel or oxidizerprior to its discharge into a combustion zone.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:36+, for the automatic control of the burner

feed heating structure.161+, for a furnace heated furnace feed line.207+, for a heated feed line section feeding a

flame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating, sub-

classes 197+ for a process for themere generation of heating or illumi-nating gas.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 13 for a process ofsprinkling, spraying or diffusing not


1November 2010

specialized to combustion includingheating or cooling of the sprayedmaterial.

12 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.Processes controlling the supply of fuel or airdischarged into the combustion zone.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclass 6 for a pro-

cess comprising controlling the mix-ing of plural fluids of diversecharacteristics or conditions by theheat of combustion of the mixture.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 8+ for a sprinkling,spraying or diffusing process not spe-cialized to combustion including thesteps of mixing or combining air, gasor steam with the material to besprayed.

13 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including (1) an indicating,registering, recording or alarm means for con-veying information about a condition of a com-bustion or combustion starting apparatus, or (2)means which permits inspection of normallyhidden parts of combustion apparatus or com-bustion starting apparatus.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:116, Signals and Indicators, subclass 7 for

a burglar alarm that also ignites alamp or match; and subclasses 101+for an alarm actuated by change intemperature, e.g., fire alarm, incuba-tor, etc.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 551+ for afluid handling system of general util-ity including an indicator, register,recorder, alarm or inspection means.

236, Automatic Temperature and HumidityRegulation, subclass 94 for automatictemperature and humidity regulationapparatus thermostatically operatedand including an indicator or alarm.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 71+ for fluid sprin-kling, spraying and diffusing appara-tus of general utility with a signal,indicator, recorder, meter or change-able exhibitor.

340, Communications: Electrical, sub-classes 577+ for an electrical commu-nications system not specialized foruse with a specific flame holderresponsive to flame.

356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, sub-class 315, for spectroscopic analysisapparatus and subclass 417 for flamephotometers comprising a flameholder, a means for feeding a sampleto the flame and flame observationmeans.

374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, sub-classes 100+ for a device for measur-ing or testing temperature.

14 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.Apparatus associated with a burner having acondition responsive control and in which theindicating or inspecting means is actuated bythe control to convey to the operator informa-tion concerning a condition of the burner.

15 This subclass is indented under subclass 14.Apparatus in which the control has (1) reacheda position necessitating external intervention tostart, i.e., shutdown, and the indicator informsthe operator that such a position has beenreached; or (2) sensed that a new start attemptis necessary and informs the operator that suchan attempt is being or has been made.

16 This subclass is indented under subclass 15.Apparatus that: (1) responds to sensed leakage,overflow or pressure outside of a predeter-mined range or (2) responds to an indication byan electrical test circuit of electrical componentdeficiency or failure.

17 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.Apparatus wherein the indicator gives informa-tion concerning the position or relative move-ment of some part of a burner apparatus orburner control.

18 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus whereby (1) a control isexerted by means sensing an environmental oroperating condition; (2) the time at which anactuation is performed is controlled; (3) thelength of time taken to perform an operation iscontrolled; (4) there is means providing asequence of events set to occur at predeter-mined intervals; or (5) there is a means termi-


November 2010

nating a single operation in a fixed position torestart an additional cycle, which cycle is morecomplex than a mere starting or stopping of asingle device.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity

Regulation, appropriate subclass for aresidual system including a tempera-ture modifier (e.g., burner, etc.) and ameans sensing the temperature of achamber or material acted upon by themodifier; the sensing means regulat-ing the temperature of the chamber ormaterial by controlling the operationof the modifier.

700, Data Processing: Generic ControlSystems or Specific Applications, subclasses 1 through 89 for data pro-cessing control systems wherein thecontrol system is claimed generically,and subclasses 266-274 for chemicalprocess control or monitoring sys-tems, particularly subclass 274 forcontrol of combustion or heatingapparatus.

19 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus , in which a control of a burner ele-ment is effected in response to a sensed pres-sure within a chamber in which fuel is burned.

20 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which (1) a pump or flow control-ler in a line by which combustion products areremoved from a combustion chamber is con-trolled or (2) a means responsive to the positionor condition of operation of such a pump orflow controller exerts a control.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 147+ for a draft

regulator for a solid fuel furnace.126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 285+

for a cooking stove damper and itsoperator.

236, Automatic Temperature and HumidityRegulation, subclass 45 for the regu-lation of temperature by means con-trolling the draft of a heater.

21 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which a control actuation resultsfrom the destruction of a heat fusible or con-

sumable connection responsive to heat of com-bustion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, sub-

class 504.1 and 504.3 for a fusibletype safety device in a boiler.

126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 287.5for a stove having a fusible releasedamper.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 72+ for aheat destructible or fusible controlelement in a fluid handling system ofgeneral utility.

22 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus wherein the sensing means isresponsive to (1) the presence of gaseous com-bustion material outside of its normal flow pathor outside of its confiner during shutdown; or(2) the presence of combustion outside of thenormal combustion zone.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:16, for a control system including an indi-

cator responsive to leakage, overflow,or abnormal pressure.

23 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which the likelihood of damage toan element of a burner assembly, e.g., igniter,nozzle, etc. is prevented or lessened by a con-trolled actuation of a device that (1) moves theelement relative to the flame area (2) moves abaffle shielding the element from the framearea (3) directs the flow of a cooling fluid overthe element or (4) otherwise modified thetransfer of heat to the element from the flamearea.

24 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including structure response to asignal indicating abnormality or malfunctionthat is produced by an electrical circuit meanswhich (1) tests or checks a combustion sensorand its circuit or (2) analysis a signal from acombustion sensor to distinguish a tone flamesignal from a false signal.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:340, Communications: Electrical, sub-

classes 514+ for an electrical commu-nication system of general application


1November 2010

automatically responsive to a condi-tion having means for testing the sen-sor or the means conveying the signalfrom the sensor to a control or indica-tor.

25 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.Apparatus in which the circuit has oneresponse to the flow of current through a gapdevice in the flame area when the current hasbeen changed from alternating to direct by therectifying effect of the flame and anotherresponse to an unrectified current which is anindication of a short circuit at the gap or someother abnormality in the sensor circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:340, Communications: Electrical, subclass

579 for an electrical communicationsystem of general utility in which aflame sensor responds to the ioniza-tion or rectification properties of aflame.

26 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.Apparatus in which a starting means connects achecking circuit into a flame sensing circuit asa preliminary to fuel feed and subsequently dis-connects the checking circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:340, Communications: Electrical, subclass

515 for the testing of an automaticallyresponsive communications system ofgeneral utility having a test structurefor the system including means simu-lating the condition being sensed.

27 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which a failure to sense flame inthe proving period of a start program reinitiatesthe start program; said apparatus includingstructure causing shutdown requiring resetafter one or more reinitiations of the start pro-gram.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:70, for a control that provides for recycle

through a proving period on the sens-ing of a failure of an establishedflame.

28 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus which, on starting, provides for acti-vation of an electrical heater for the burner orburner feed and subsequently for admission offuel to the burner or for triggering of an igniter.

29 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus wherein a timing, retarding or pro-gramming means (1) effects the operation of adevice which (a) supplies a quantity of fluidother than a combustible mixture to cleanse theburner of any undesirable fluid or (b) drains orotherwise removes undesirable fluid from theburner between combustion stopping and start-ing; or (2) causes upon the actuation of meanscalling for a combustion operation a predeter-mined period of inaction of any fire producingelements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:3, for processes involving decarboniz-

ing, cleaning or purging.

30 This subclass is indented under subclass 29.Apparatus wherein the control provides for theoperation of a mechanical impelling means toflush the burner with noncombustible material(e.g., air, steam, etc.) during the scavenging orcombustion start up delay period.

31 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.Apparatus in which, during initiation of a com-bustion period, the device for moving thecleansing fluid is activated for a predeterminedtime prior to actuation to combustion startingposition of means controlling the necessary fireproducing elements, (e.g., fuel supplier, igniter,etc.).

32 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which the control or actuation isof structure dislodging extraneous matter orincrustations from burner elements.

33 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including structure actuating ameans to put out a burner flame other than byshutting off the fuel.


November 2010


classes 504+ for a safety device for asteam boiler comprising an automaticextinguisher.

34 This subclass is indented under subclass 33.Apparatus wherein the flame is put out by asmothering cap actuated in response to tiltingof the burner.

35 This subclass is indented under subclass 33.Apparatus including means for extinguishingthe flame automatically when a predeterminedportion of a candle has been consumed or whena predetermined quantity of fuel has been con-sumed.

36 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which the control is of or by, acondition of heat generation or transfer struc-ture by which fluid for supply to a combustionzone of an associated burner is heated.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:11, for a process for preheating feed.31, for a burner having an electrical

heater controlled to preheat a burneror burner feeder before attemptingignition of the burner.

37 This subclass is indented under subclass 36.Apparatus in which the flow of feed fluid intothe feed heating structure is controlled.

38 This subclass is indented under subclass 37.Apparatus in which the feed admission mean iscontrolled by means sensing the pressurewithin the feed containing section of the struc-ture.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:48, Gas: Heating, and Illuminating, sub-

class 106 for a retort not associatedwith a fuel burner regulated by thepressure of the gas either in the retortor gasometer.

39 This subclass is indented under subclass 37.Apparatus in which the feed admission meansis controlled by means measuring the liquid

level in the fuel containing section of the struc-ture.

40 This subclass is indented under subclass 37.Apparatus including structure by which varia-tion in length of a fluid containing section ofthe feed heating structure is utilized in the actu-ation of a feed admission controller.

41 This subclass is indented under subclass 36.Apparatus in which a means sensing a condi-tion of the heating structure actuates a control-ler of the heat supply of the structure.

42 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which a means responsive to acondition of one burner head or assemblyeffects or locks a control means of a secondburner head or assembly.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 65+ for a

control subcombination of a burnerassembly comprising a combustionfailure responsive fuel safety cut offfor a burner feed line where the sub-combination does not include theflame holder fed by the controlledline.

43 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus having an electrical spark producingmeans or an electrical heating element associ-ated with one of the burners to ignite fuel sup-plied to the burner.

44 This subclass is indented under subclass 43.Apparatus in which the igniter is deenergizedby a means responsive to a pressure variationin a burner feed line produced by the sensing ofcombustion at one of the burners.

45 This subclass is indented under subclass 43.Apparatus having means to open a switch tothe igniter within a predetermined time afterthe igniter has been turned on regardless of thecondition of the burner.

46 This subclass is indented under subclass 43.Apparatus in which the igniter is deenergizedin response to a sensed ignition of the firstburner.


1November 2010

47 This subclass is indented under subclass 43.Apparatus in which the igniter is energized ordeenergized manually.

48 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus in which there is a third burner andan additional sensor which controls the thirdburner in response to a sensed condition of thesecond burner.

49 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus in which there are three burners, theoperation of the second and third burners beingunder the control of a sensing means respon-sive to a condition of the first burner; said thirdburner being an igniting means for the firstburner.

50 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus in which: (1) the sensed failure offlame at either burner during operation willresult in the cut off of fuel to the second burner;or (2) the presence of a flame at both burnersmust be indicated at least momentarily in thestarting procedure to prevent cut off of the sec-ond burner.

51 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus including means controlling the feedto the first and second burners; the means auto-matically cutting off the feed to both burners ifthe flame at the first burner is sensed as beingextinguished.

52 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.Apparatus including valve means for the firstburner that must be manually opened aftershutdown to feed the first burner for reignition.

53 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.Apparatus wherein the valve means is a singlevalve in a feed line common to the burners con-trolling the flow of fuel to both burners.

54 This subclass is indented under subclass 53.Apparatus including a valve, additional to thevalve controlling flow to the first and secondburner, in a branch leading to the secondburner; said additional valve being closed orlocked in the closed position until combustionis sensed at the first burner.

55 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.Apparatus including a reset valve in the feedline to each burner for independent control ofthe burners.

56 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.Apparatus including a fuel conduit acting as abypass around the valve means of the firstburner, or means supplying fuel down streamof the valve means for the first burner.

57 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus wherein a second burner valvemeans is automatically closed upon sensedextinguishment of the first burner, and the sec-ond burner valve means must be manuallyopened for fuel to be supplied to the secondburner for reignition.

58 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus wherein the first burner sensor con-trols the flow of actuating fluid relative to adiaphragm that operates a valve controllingflow in the feed line of the second burner.

59 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.Apparatus wherein the first burner sensor is anelectrical type sensor; e.g., burner flame com-pletes electrical circuit, thermocouple; mag-netic valve or magnetic switch responsive tothe heat of the burner, photoelectric, heatresponsive resistor (thermistor) etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclass 66 for a

shutdown valve in a burner feed lineand a thermoelectric flame sensorwhich causes closing of said valve inresponse to sensed flame failure (e.g.,main burner line and pilot sensor etc.).

60 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which the actuation causes thestarting or stopping at different times of at leasttwo distinct burner head units or burner pots.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:18+, for a burner system in which the sen-

sor of one burner head controls a sec-ond burner head.


November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 119.01+

for self controlled branched flow sys-tems of general utility involving alter-nate or successively substitutedoutflow.

61 This subclass is indented under subclass 60.Apparatus in which the starting and stopping ofthe burners is in response to changes in the fuelfeed pressure.

62 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including structure providing (1)feed rate variations or modulation within theperiod between the initial demand actuationand the attainment of the full “run” position ofthe control structure; or (2) a shift from “off” toa combustion initiating feed rate, then to a run-ning feed rate; or (3) a shift from a starting fuelor fuel mixture to a “running” fuel or fuel mix-ture; or (4) a shift from a starting fuel charge toa “running” combustible feed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:29+, for a control system that feeds a scav-

enging fluid to the burner before start-ing combustion.

63 This subclass is indented under subclass 62.Apparatus in which the burner control structureis shifted to its normal operating condition, i.e.,“run” position, by means sensing the establish-ment of combustion.

64 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including means responsive to thelevel of a body of liquid fuel or connected bod-ies of fuel and controlling the flow of fuel tomaintain a substantially unvarying depth of liq-uid fuel burning at the surface of one of thebodies or on a wick extending from that body.


liquid level responsive or maintainingsystem of general utility.

65 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including a controller arranged tostop the fuel supply to a liquid burner in

response to an accumulation of unburned liquidfuel discharged from the combustion zone.


fluid handling system that may be apart of a burner organization in whichthe liquid supplied to a vessel is cutoff responsive to the weight of a pre-determined accumulation of uncon-sumed liquid.

66 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which a fuel feed means is con-trolled by a means sensing and responding to achange in the temperature of the igniter or inthe rate of current flow, voltage or other electri-cal condition of the igniter.

67 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus providing for a timed periodbetween energization of an igniter of a burnerassembly and following admission of fuel tothe burner head for ignition by the igniter.

68 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including control means responsiveto the temperature in a combustion zone andrequiring a sensed cold condition of the com-bustion zone before a start or recycle attemptcan be effective to feed fuel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:29+, for a control means providing a com-

bustion start up delay period aftersensed flame failure.

69 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including a “shutdown” device for aburner actuated at the expiration of a periodestablished by a timer or retarder means; thestart of the means being correlated with themovement of a demand controller to “start”position; and a flame responsive control effec-tive to prevent “shutdown” by the device ifflame is sensed within the period.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:15, for means indicating a shutdown or

aborted start attempt.


1November 2010

27, for a control providing repeated startattempts prior to shutdown upon fail-ure to establish combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems,

subclass 471 for an automatic or timedelay control means responsive tothermal conditions, and subclass 480for a similar control responsive toradiant energy, in which an electricmotor is the ultimate and sole electri-cal device controlled.

70 This subclass is indented under subclass 69.Apparatus in which a sensing of flame failure,after the sensing of flame establishment hasprevented. “Shutdown”, acts to initiate a restartattempt to be terminated by flame establish-ment or “shutdown”.

71 This subclass is indented under subclass 69.Apparatus in which the flame responsive con-trol acts to de-energize the igniter upon estab-lishment of combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:46, for a structure in which a sensor of a

first burner control a second burnerand shuts off the igniter of the firstburner responsive to the establishmentof flame at the first burner.

72 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including structure by which feedmeans and a means for igniting the fed fuel areoperated at different times or for different timeintervals.

73 This subclass is indented under subclass 72.Apparatus including a time interval establish-ing means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:45, for an igniter deenergized by a timer

or retarder in a system in which thesensor of a first burner controls a sec-ond burner.

74 This subclass is indented under subclass 72.Apparatus including a sensor responsive to thepresence of flame in a combustion zone con-trolling the igniter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:46, for an igniter deenergized responsive

to ignition of a burner and in which asensor of this burner controls anotherburner.

75 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including a sensing means whichresponds to a condition within an area of com-bustion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:19, for a burner control means responsive

to combustion chamber pressure.21, for a control responsive to a combus-

tion destructible element.24+, for a flame sensor with a checking or

analyzing circuit.27, for a control providing repeated start

attempts prior to shutdown upon asensed failure to establish combus-tion.

42+, for a second burner controlled by asensor of a first burner.

63, for a combustion sensor providing fora shift from “start” to “run” feed.

68, for a control in which the sensing of ahot combustion zone condition blocksa restart attempt.

69+, for a control providing shutdownrequiring reset on sensed absence ofcombustion in a proving period; and

74, for a system in which a flame sensorcontrols an igniter and fuel feeder insequence.


combustion failure responsive fuelsafety cut off burner subcombination.

200, Electricity: Circuit Maker and Break-ers, subclasses 136+ for a temperaturecontrolled switch that may be a burnerelement.


November 2010

236, Automatic Temperature and HumidityRegulation, subclasses 9+ for an auto-matic temperature central deviceresponsive to temperature changes ata burner and in the apartment to beheated; subclass 11 for a hot air fur-nace in which the fire and the flow ofheating air through the air chamber ofthe furnace are controlled; subclass 14for a device regulating a fire under aboiler according to conditions in thecombustion chamber and in the boiler;subclasses 15+ for the regulation of afire according to conditions in the fur-nace; subclasses 21+ for a control fora boiler having a safety cut off for theheating means responsive to abnormalboiler conditions or to the failure ofthe heating means (e.g., fire, etc.); andsubclasses 95 and 96 for automaticcontrol of temperature by a flue orheater attached thermostat.

76 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.Apparatus in which the control is by a meansanalyzing the composition of or responding tothe relative quantity of a material formed in thecombustion area, e.g., carbon or CO2 in com-bustion gases, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses

23.2+ for apparatus for gas analysis.200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Break-

ers, subclass 61.03 for a smokeresponsive switch.

324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclass for apparatus fortesting the electrical properties ofgases.

422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Dis-infecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, orSterilizing, subclasses 83+ for chemi-cal gas analysis apparatus.

77 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.Apparatus in which the sensor responds tocombustion failure or overheat to actuate ameans terminating combustion and so dis-abling the burner that external intervention isnecessary for restart.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:15, for means indicating shutdown or

aborted start attempt.51+, for a system in which a sensor of a

first burner cuts off itself and a secondburner upon sensed failure of combus-tion of the first burner.

69+, for shutdown requiring reset bysensed absence of flame in a provingperiod.


fluid handling system that may be apart of a burner organization, having aflow control device in a feed line to aburner where a burner controlled bythe device is not included and whichdevice is automatically actuated todiscontinue feed responsive to a tem-perature drop; and subclass 457 for aline condition change responsivesafety cutoff valve of general utilitythat requires reset.

78 This subclass is indented under subclass 77.Apparatus in which the combustion terminat-ing structure includes electrical means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:24+, for a shutdown control including an

electrical test circuit sensing malfunc-tion of a combustion sensing circuit.

59, for an electrical or magnetic sensor ofa first burner controlling a secondburner.

66, for a system in which a sensor of theelectrical condition or temperature ofan igniter controls the feed of fuel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:307, Electrical Transmission or Intercon-

nection Systems, subclass 117 for aresidual electrical interconnectionsystem responsive to light, heat,vibratory or radiant energy.

323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regula-tion Systems, subclass 294 for a resid-ual electrical control in which animpedance responsive to a thermal


1November 2010

condition is between the electricalsource and the load.

331, Oscillators, subclass 66 for an electri-cal system including an oscillator anda useful output for the oscillator andin which means responsive to temper-ature, or radiant energy in the form oflight modifies a current characteristicof the oscillator.

338, Electrical Resistors, subclasses 22+for an electrical resistance variable inresponse to temperature changes.

340, Communications: Electrical, sub-classes 577+ for a flame responsiveindicating system; and subclasses584+ for a temperature responsiveindicating system.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems andDevices, subclasses 161+, 170+, and211 for a thermally controlled electri-cal circuit for a relay or electromag-net.

374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, sub-classes 179+ for a current generatingsensor or thermometer, per se.

79 This subclass is indented under subclass 78.Apparatus in which the sensor is a meansresponsive to electromagnetic waves producedby the burner flame.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Break-

ers, subclass 61.02 for a light respon-sive switch.

250, Radiant Energy, subclasses 206+ for aresidual photocell controlled circuitand subclass 215 for a photocell com-bined with a diverse type device.

318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclass 480 for an automatic or timedelay control means responsive toradiant energy in which an electricmotor is the ultimate and sole electri-cal device controlled.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems andDevices, subclasses 173+ and 211 foran electric circuit having a photocelldevice in which the final element is anelectro-magnet or a relay.

80 This subclass is indented under subclass 78.Apparatus in which the sensor is a meanswhich converts energy produced by heat ofcombustion into electrical energy.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:136, Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photo-

electric, subclasses 200+ for a ther-moelectric generator; particularly sub-classes 217+ for a thermoelectricgenerator operated by a burner actingmerely as the heat source for the gen-erator.

137, Fluid Handling, subclass 66 for avalve controlled by a combustion sen-sor of the thermoelectric type wherethe burner acting on the combustionsensor is not controlled by the valve.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems andDevices, subclass 162 for an electricalcircuit controlled by a thermoelectricdevice which the final element is anelectromagnet or a relay.

374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, sub-classes 179+ for a current generatingtype thermometer.

81 This subclass is indented under subclass 77.Apparatus including a burner feed line with avalve biased toward closed position which,when manually opened, is held in the openposition by a holding means which is releasedby a means sensing establishment of combus-tion at the burner; the valve thereafter beingunder the control of a means sensing overheator failure of combustion at the burner.

82 This subclass is indented under subclass 77.Apparatus including means to supply fuel to aburner fuel line down stream of a controlledburner shutdown valve.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:56, for a system in which a sensor of a

first burner cuts off feed to a first andsecond burner, said system having aby-pass around the cut off valve tosupply the first burner or having anadditional supply of fuel for the firstburner.


November 2010

83 This subclass is indented under subclass 77.Apparatus including a shutdown valve actedupon by a continuously applied force tendingto move it toward closed position, the valvebeing held open against the force, by a restrain-ing means (e.g., catch, brake, etc.), and therestraining being released by the sensor to freethe valve for movement by the biasing force.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:52+, for a manually reset cut-off valve that

cuts off two burners simultaneously.

84 This subclass is indented under subclass 83.Apparatus in which the restraining means is acatch device that holds the valve open by pro-jecting into a notch or cavity and releases thevalve upon withdrawal.

85 This subclass is indented under subclass 84.Apparatus wherein the catch is released by aforce produced by the expansion or contractionof a confined fluid in the sensor.

86 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus including (1) a time measuringdevice that is manually started and causes actu-ation of a control device at the expiration of aselected period or (2) a clock device that actu-ates a control at a desired time of the day.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclass 192 for refuse

incinerators or solid fuel furnaces pro-vided with a timer control.

126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 285.5for a timer controlled damper.

137, Fluid Handling, subclass 624.21 for afluid handling system not specializedto combustion controlled by a clockalarm mechanism.

236, Automatic Temperature and HumidityRegulation, subclass 46 for an auto-matic temperature or humidity controlsystem with a timing element.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 70 for a fluid dis-charge device not specialized to com-bustion with a preset timer for cuttingoff discharge.

251, Valves and Valve Actuation, sub-classes 48+ for a fluid dash pot con-trolled valve or for a fluid controlledvalve timer.

87 This subclass is indented under subclass 86.Apparatus actuating means for (1) producing aspark, (2) striking a match, or (3) combiningingredients which ignite when mixed.

88 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which the operation of the burneris effected by a means which is responsive totilting, jarring, or mechanical damage of theburner.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:22, for a burner controlled by a means

sensing gas leakage, flashback orescaped flame.

34, for a wick cover type extinguishingmeans actuated in response to tiltingof a burner assembly.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 38+ for

the control of a fluid handling systemof general utility by change of posi-tion or inertia of the system.

222, Dispensing, subclass 500 for gravityor inertia actuated outlet elements fordispensers.

89 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.Apparatus in which a means sensing the condi-tion in or of burner feed structure exerts a con-trol.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:36+, for control of or by the temperature

of, pressure of, or liquid level inheated feed means.

61, for the sequential of plural burners byfuel feed pressure variations.

64, for a level responsive means whichcontrols the fuel level in a wick pot orin a pot type burner.

65, for means cutting off the flow of fuelby collected fuel overflow.


1November 2010


line condition change responsivevalve of general utility.

90 This subclass is indented under subclass 89.Apparatus in which the means sensing the con-dition in one burner feed line controls the flowof a second to the burner.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 87.01+ for

a fluid handling system not special-ized to combustion or fluid emissionin which flow in one feed line is pro-portional to or correlated with that in asecond flow line by movable means inone of the lines responsive to meanssensing a variable condition in theother.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 61+ for a fluid han-dling system with a flow modifyingfluid emitter not specialized to com-bustion having movable meansresponsive to some variable conditionin a first fluid which causes a changein a second fluid flow or in a controlmeans, to maintain the relativeamounts thereof in a selected ratio.

91 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including means for hurling aslug or forming a propelled rod of liquid orgelled fuel unmixed with oxidizer and ignitingthe surface of the slug or rod as it leaves thehurling or propelling means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-

fusing, subclasses 67+ for a dispenserwith selectively preset flow cut offmeans.

99 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus in which the fuel is in the formof an elongated solid piece of magnesium.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:102, Ammunition and Explosives, sub-

classes 337+ for a parachute flare.362, Illumination, subclasses 3+ for a pho-

tos:graphic light.

100 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus comprising a lace-like hood orenvelope of thin, porous, refractory materialwhich, when positioned in a flame, incan-desces.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:326+, for a porous, capillary, particulate,

screen or sieve-like flame holder, e.g.,radiant burner, etc.

347+, for an incandescing or reflectingburner component.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treat-

ment and Chemical Modification ofTextiles and Fibers, appropriate sub-classes for miscellaneous methods oftreating textiles to chemically modifythe same combined with a coating,lubricating or sizing of the textile.

112, Sewing, subclasses 173+ for devicesfor shirring and threading in the sup-porting loop.

118, Coating Apparatus, appropriate sub-classes for coating apparatus, per se.

206, Special Receptacle or Package, sub-class 68, for receptacles for shippingmantles.

252, Compositions, subclass 492 for pro-cesses of making an incandescentmantle which involves no more thanpreparing or regenerating the compo-sition of which the mantle is com-posed.

264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shap-ing or Treating: Processes, appropri-ate subclass for nonmetallic articlemaking or shaping process of generalutility.

427, Coating Processes, subclass 159, forprocesses of producing an incandes-cent mantle by a coating process.

101 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus including mounting structure ofresilient construction that alternates the trans-mission of shock or vibration to the supportedmantle.


November 2010

102 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus including a wick positioned adjacentthe mantle and means by which fuel vaporsevaporated from the wick by mantle heat aredirected into the mantle.

103 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus in which a fuel or air mantle feedline is heated either by an auxiliary heater or byheat conducted or radiated from the heatedmantle.

104 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.Apparatus including means forming an auxil-iary fuel jet or flame holder which acts to heatthe mantle feed fuel or air line.

105 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.Apparatus in which a heat receiving section ofthe mantle feed line is within the mantle.

106 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.Apparatus in which the heated section of themantle feed line is directly above and adjacentto a mantle supported above and fed by anupwardly directed fuel discharge member.

107 This subclass is indented under subclass 103.Apparatus in which the hood-like mantle issupported adjacent the heated section of thefeed line with its open end facing upwardly andsurrounding a downwardly discharging lineterminus.

108 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus including distinct means acting onthe fuel or fuel mixture in the mantle zone toincrease the pressure thereof in said zone, e.g.,a separate fuel pump or jet which causes vaporflow into the mantle.

109 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus in which the hood-like mantle issupported below the feed line terminus with itsopen end facing upwardly and surrounding adownwardly discharging terminus.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:107, for a downwardly fed mantle heating

the feedline of the burner feeding themantle.

110 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus in which a hood like mantle is sup-ported above an upwardly discharging fuel lineterminus with the open end of the mantle at oradjacent the terminus.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:106, for a mantle supported above an

upwardly discharging fuel line termi-nus in which the feed line to the termi-nus is heated by the mantle.

111 This subclass is indented under subclass 100.Apparatus including (1) a support or connectorextending outwardly from the hood-like incan-descent portion of a mantle, which support orconnector is attachable to means acting tomount the mantle portion or (2) a guard orshield for the mantle.

112 This subclass is indented under subclass 111.Apparatus in which the support, connector orprotector is surrounded by the mantle.

113 This subclass is indented under subclass 111.Apparatus in which the support, connector orprotector is positioned on a mantle, the mouthof which faces upwardly.

114 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including means for dampen-ing or preventing the occurrence of noises orvibrations tending to be produced in the opera-tion of the burner assembly.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:165, Heat Exchange, subclass 69 for a

resilient vibration damper isolating aheat exchanger element and subclass136 for a heat exchanger with a ther-mal or acoustical blocker.

248, Supports, subclasses 560+ for resil-ient supports; and subclasses 637+ formachinery supports of general utility.

115 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus comprising means defining adistinct path or passage communicating with aregion of combustion and through which com-bustion products are delivered to the feed lineor to the feed inlet zone of the region.


1November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:9, for a method of whirling, recycling

material, or reversing flow in anenclosed flame zone.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 203+ for a solid

fuel burning furnace in which theproducts of combustion either whollyor in part, are returned to the fire thatproduced them.

126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 79 fora heating stove provided with meansfor returning the products of combus-tion from the smoke outlet to the com-bustion chamber of the stove.

116 This subclass is indented under subclass 115.Apparatus including a wall or partition, oneside of which is the boundary of a mixingchamber containing or directly feeding the ini-tial combustion region of the combustion zoneand the other side of which defines a returnpath or passage supplying combustion productsto the mixing chamber to be mixed therein.

117 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including distinct meansreceiving an excess quantity of liquid fuel dis-charged into but not used in a vaporization orflame holding structure and draining it from thestructure to a region remote from the vaporiza-tion or flame holder structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:65, for a fuel feed cut off actuated by col-

lected excess liquid discharged fromthe fed combustion zone.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 51 for

a liquid fuel stove having a pan orreceptacle supported to catch liquidfuel dripping or overflowing from aburner.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 103 for a nozzle car-rying an apertured shield and excesssprayed material collector.

118 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.Apparatus in which the liquid receiving anddraining means includes a drained pan posi-tioned outside of the flame or vaporizationchamber and catching unvaporized fuel as itescapes from the chamber.

119 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus comprising means to collectmaterial escaping from the confines of theapparatus additional to that withdrawn throughdesired and intended exhaust structure.


fluid handling system of generalapplication with leakage or drip col-lecting structure.

165, Heat Exchange, subclass 70 for a heatexchange having leakage collectingstructure.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 120+ for a spraynozzle having a waste disposal or dripcollecting means.

120 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a device for scrap-ing, cutting or brushing a wick or for facilitat-ing the placing of a wick in or removing it froma burner during assembly or disassembly of theburner.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:30, Cutlery, subclasses 134+ for a grip

type shear combined with other struc-ture and subclass 233 for a shear ofgeneral application with a guard, gageor guide.

121 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having (1) means for cleaningor facilitating the cleaning of a part of a burneror (2) means for removing from a part of aburner feed material that has become undesir-able in that part before, during, or after opera-tion of the device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:3, for a process of decarbonizing, clean-

ing or purging a burner assembly.


November 2010

29+, for the automatic control of a scav-enging period.

32, for the automatic control of cleaningmeans.


fluid handling system of general util-ity having structure for cleaning orsteam sterilization of the system.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 106+ for a sprin-kling, spraying or diffusing structureof general utility having a nozzlecleaner, flusher, or drainer; subclass575 for a nozzle with a valve con-trolled feed line having a filter, sifteror screen; and subclass 590 for a noz-zle having an interior filter or guide.

122 This subclass is indented under subclass 121.Apparatus including a member supported formovement relative to structure from which it isto dislodge undesirable material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General

Cleaning, subclasses 104.03+ for apipe or tube cleaner of general appli-cation.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 242+ for afluid handling system of generalapplication having a mechanicalcleaning means.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 114+ for a nozzlehaving a solid scraping or clearingmember.

362, Illumination, subclass 458 for a handimplement for clearing out or freeingthe discharge opening of a burner tip.

123 This subclass is indented under subclass 122.Apparatus wherein the movably mountedmember moves through a feed flow control ordischarge orifice.


fluid handling system in which amechanical cleaning member recipro-cates in a passage.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 117+ for a nozzleof general utility in which a scrapingor clearing member moves throughthe spray opening.

124 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having a special compartmentto store replacement flints for a pyrophoricigniter.

125 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus comprising a burner or igniterstructure shaped to have the appearance ofanother product or article (e.g., an artificialcandle, a gas flameholder in the form of a fire-log, a candle holder in the shape of a flower,etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:42, Firearms, subclasses 54+ for a toy

made to imitate a firearm and whichfires an explosive (e.g., cap, etc.) bymeans of some sort of lock.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 211 for a fluid dis-charge device imitating the appear-ance of some animate or inanimateobject.

362, Illumination, subclasses 392+ for alight support formed to resemble acandle or adapted to be enclosed in acylindrical casing resembling a can-dle.

428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti-cles, subclasses 15+ for a three-dimensional imitation or “treated”natural product.

446, Amusement Devices: Toys, subclass22 for a spark-producing toy.

126 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus with ornamental forms, sur-face ornamentation or an additive or additivemeans producing flame coloration.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:4, for a burning method including feed-

ing a flame modifying additive to aflame.

125, for a burner or igniter structure shapedto have the appearance of anotherproduct or article.


1November 2010


class 603 for a solid fuel compositionwith combustion improver, and sub-class 641 for a solid fuel combustionimproving compositions.

356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, sub-class 315 for spectroscopic apparatusand subclass 417 for flame photome-ters comprising a flame holder havingmeans for adding a flame coloringsample combined with a flameobserving or analyzing means.

D23, Environmental Heating and Cooling;Fluid Handling and Sanitary Equip-ment, subclasses 318+ for the orna-mental design of a boiler or oil burner;and subclasses 403+ for the design ofa gas, oil, or vapor stove or log.

127 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a torch having a fuelabsorbing material and being separatelymounted on a structure including an igniter origniter element, the torch being removed fromthe structure for use.

128 This subclass is indented under subclass 127.Apparatus wherein the igniter includes an elec-trical spark producer or an electrically heatedmeans.

129 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including structure forming amovable section of a chamber enclosing aflame holder or a cap for a flame holder, andmeans by which action of an igniter is corre-lated with movement of such section or cap.

130 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus with means to operate a valve con-trolling flow of fuel through a feed passageleading to the burner head along with the coverand igniter.

131 This subclass is indented under subclass 130.Apparatus in which a flow controlling elementof the valve is interconnected for movementwith the cover and igniter by means including amovable section of a conduit forming a flameholding section of the feed passage.

132 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus wherein the igniter is an electricalspark producing means or an electrical resis-tance element.

133 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus in which the movable section drivesor is driven by a structure dispensing and firinga match, pellet, or percussion cap to ignite theflame holder.

134 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus in which the actuating movement ofan igniter element or its operator frees a coveror cap held closed against a biasing force.

135 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus wherein the cover or cap is releas-ably latched in position upon being forcedclosed against bias, the biasing force acting toopen the cover or cap and to actuate the igniterupon release of the latch.

136 This subclass is indented under subclass 135.Apparatus in which the igniter includes a flintand an abrasive wheel; the wheel being coaxialwith the hinge of the cover or cap and mountedto rotate with the cover or cap as it movestoward open position.

137 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus wherein upon actuation of the igni-tion mechanism, energy is first stored by suit-able means, e.g., a spring, etc., and thensuddenly released to quickly actuate an abra-sive member.

138 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus wherein a hinged cover or cap and arotatable abrasive wheel are mounted to moveabout a common axis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:136, for a burner igniter assembly in which

the release of a biasing force results inthe rotation of a cover and abrasivewheel about a common axis.

139 This subclass is indented under subclass 138.Apparatus wherein an operating member, e.g.,finger piece, etc., is connected with the cover


November 2010

by interlinking means providing for relativemovement of the cover and operating member.

140 This subclass is indented under subclass 139.Apparatus wherein the interlinking meansbetween the operating member and the coverincludes a gear driven by a rack, ratchet oranother gear.

141 This subclass is indented under subclass 129.Apparatus wherein the igniter includes an abra-sive wheel which is rotated in one directiononly by a drive between it and the cover or cap.

142 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus in which either a flame holderor an igniter is detachably secured to a discretefuel receptacle by means of a frame or casing,extending about or clasping the fuel receptacle.

143 This subclass is indented under subclass 142.Apparatus wherein the fuel receptacle includesa means for dispensing fuel to a combustionzone, and a means to initiate combustion of thefuel is attached to a frame or casing which inturn holds the fuel receptacle in a position adja-cent the means to initiate combustion.

144 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having distinct structure otherthan a fuel feed termination or flame size con-trol element stopping or preventing combustionon, or ignition of, a flame holder (1) by cap-ping or covering the flame holder, (2) by cut-ting off the oxygen from the fuel or flame, (3)by cooling the burner head below the combus-tion temperature of the fuel, or (4) by posi-tively withdrawing fuel from contact with theoxidizer.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:33+, for a timer, programmer or condition

responsive controlled burner extin-guishing means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:30, Cutlery, subclass 131 for a combined

candle snuffer and wick trimmingshears.

122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, sub-classes 504+ for a closed water heaterwith a fire extinguishing type ofsafety device.

169, Fire Extinguishers, appropriate sub-class for a residual extinguisher ofgeneral application or one peculiarlyadapted for use with or inseparablefrom a structure other than a fuelburner.

145 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.Apparatus using either a liquid or gas to cool,smother, or blow out the flame.

146 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.Apparatus comprising structure movably orremovably mounted with respect to a flameholder section of a burner assembly forming anenclosure, plug, or cap for enclosing, sealing,or embracing the flame holder, which structurerenders the burner nonusable when in one posi-tion and exposes the flame holding section tothe atmosphere, e.g., oxidizer, when in anotherposition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:34, for a snuffer responsive to tilting of a

burner.129+, for a movable flame holder cover with

an interrelated igniter.251, for a flame enclosure movably

mounted for access.

147 This subclass is indented under subclass 146.Apparatus wherein the cover, when in closedposition, prevents access of air to, and conse-quent ignition by, a catalyst.

148 This subclass is indented under subclass 146.Apparatus wherein the flame holder cover ismounted on a support for a lamp chimney sur-rounding the flame holder or on the chimneyitself.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:34, for a snuffer actuated in response to

tilting of a burner assembly.

149 This subclass is indented under subclass 146.Apparatus in which a distinct flame snuffingmember is enclosed or encased by the flameholder cover structure when the cover structureis in its closed position.


1November 2010

150 This subclass is indented under subclass 146.Apparatus in which movement of the coveroperates an additional means cutting off, caus-ing, or adjusting flow of feed fluid to the flameholder.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:130+, for a cover operatively related with a

feed control device and with anigniter.

151 This subclass is indented under subclass 146.Apparatus wherein the burner cover enclosesor caps the top of a windshield mounted aboutthe burner.

152 This subclass is indented under subclass 146.Apparatus wherein the cover is hinged to a fuelcontainer or supply.

153 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including means correlatingthe operation of a burner assembly feed controlor power supply with movement of a burnerassembly component into or out of a disar-ranged position.

154 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including (1) a distinct deviceor means for repairing an existing burner,which device usually becomes a part of theburner or; (2) a distinct device or means serv-ing to enhance the ease or safety of repairing,removing, replacing, or assembling an elementof a burner; the device or means being a dis-tinct structure added to but not essentially apart of the burner and being more than a joint,hinge or releasable connector of the burner.

155 This subclass is indented under subclass 154.Apparatus in which the means or device is asupport on which a burner or burner element isslid or rolled into or out of operative position.

156 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus which by relative rearrange-ment of its parts or by the addition or omissionof a part is so changed as to become (a) basicsubject matter of this class of a different char-acter or having a different mode of operation or(b) basic subject matter of another class.

157 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a combustion cham-ber that has at its outlet distinct structure,which in the performance of its intended func-tion, establishes or maintains a pressure withinthe combustion space distinctly above or belowthe pressure of the ambient which pressure iscritical in the operation of the apparatus.

(1) Note. A gravity type exhaust flue is notby itself considered to establish a pres-sure critically distinct from the pressureof the ambient.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:19, for a burner having a control respon-

sive to combustion chamber pressure.20, for automatic control of or by an

exhaust damper or pump.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 147+ for a

device that acts directly on the prod-ucts of combustion of a solid fuelburner after they leave the firebox, toaffect the velocity of the products.

158 This subclass is indented under subclass 157.Apparatus in which the distinct structure com-prises means forming the sole outlet from aconfined combustion space, said means being ajet nozzle having a restricted throat; saidrestriction producing the elevated pressure inthe combustion space and causing combustionproducts to discharge as a high speed jet.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:60, Power Plants, subclasses 200.1+ for a

specific combustion products genera-tor supplying a nozzle where the solespecific disclosure is to obtain thrust.

175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, sub-class 14 for a means forming a hole inthe earth by directly applying heat andin which the combustion is confinedin a chamber having a restricted ori-fice.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 265.11+ for a reac-tion motor discharge nozzle discharg-ing material from a chamber or mixernot specialized by structure to com-


November 2010

bustion even though the chamber ormixer is nominally a “combustionchamber”; and subclasses 127.1+ fora similar reaction motor dischargenozzle with cooling structure.

159 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including fuel dischargingmeans mounted in a particular feeding relation-ship to a chamber structure the art term forwhich is “combustion furnace” the fuel dis-charging means being of the type adapted toscatter the fuel in the “furnace”.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:8+, for processes of flame shaping, or dis-

tributing components in a combustionzone.

115+, for combustion product return struc-ture.

158, for means supplying fuel to a highpressure combustion chamber havinga restricted outlet, and see the searchnotes under this subclass.

350+, for a flame holder having protectiveor flame enclosing structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:60, Power Plants, subclasses 722+ for a

chamber in which combustion prod-ucts are generated for use in a powerplant.

110, Furnaces, subclasses 260+ for feed-ing gas or oil and solid fuel to a fur-nace and appropriate subclasses forfurnace structure with means peculiarto the combustion of solid fuel andwhich may include means dispersingfluid fuel into a furnace.

122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, sub-classes 23+ for a closed circuit liquidheating means heated by fluid fuel.

236, Automatic Temperature and HumidityRegulation, subclasses 15+ for a fur-nace having a control that automati-cally regulates its temperature.

237, Heating Systems, appropriate sub-class, for a chamber having a heatingsystem.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, appropriate subclass for acombustion chamber nominally setforth as supporting a nozzle wherein

no special relationship between a wallof the combustion chamber and thenozzle is set forth, nor any details ofthe combustion chamber.

266, Metallurgical Apparatus, subclasses171+ and 200+ for metallurgical fur-naces.

432, Heating, subclasses 159+, for a workheating chamber heated by combus-tion products generated in or fed tothe work chamber and having a workholding or handling feature or struc-ture making the device more thanmere combustion apparatus.

160 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus having structure by which a fluidmedium additional to the furnace feed isdirected in heat exchange relationship with aportion of the dispersing structure to removeheat therefrom.


class 6.5 and 6.6+ for a fuel dispersercooled by a closed circuit conduitcontaining a liquid and in which theliquid acting as the cooling fluid is notadded to the burner feed nor dispersedinto the combustion zone of the fur-nace.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 334+ for afluid handling system of general util-ity with means for heating or coolingthe system.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 128+ for a sprin-kling, spraying or diffusing structure,per se, having means for heating orcooling the system or system fluid.

432, Heating subclass 174, for a materialheating chamber heated by combus-tion therein having protective coolingmeans for combustion material feedstructure.

161 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including a feed line section particu-larly shaped or located to receive heat fromcombustion within the furnace, and means dis-persing the heated feed into the combustionchamber.


1November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:11, for processes of heating feed to a

burner or combustion chamber.36+, for automatic control of or by the

burner feed supply heating structure.207+, for a heated line section feeding a

flame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, appro-

priate subclass for boiler structurewherein only a portion of the heatedfluid from the boiler is supplied to aburner or combustion chamber of theboiler. Where the entire heated fluidof the boiler is supplied to the burneror combustion chamber of the boiler,classification is in Class 431.

432, Heating, subclass 178, for a residualwork heating furnace in which a com-bustion feed material is heated by thework chamber wall; and subclasses179+, for a residual furnace havingmeans outside of the chamber bywhich combustion feed materialrecovers heat from combustion gasesthat have been discharged from thechamber.

162 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.Apparatus including two furnace heated feedline sections, one section being fed by a fluidof one composition and the other section beingfed by a fluid of another composition, andmeans for feeding the fluids either mixed orunmixed to the combustion chamber of the fur-nace.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:216+, for separate heated sections feeding

disparate fluids to a flame holder.

163 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.Apparatus in which steam either generated orsuperheated in the heated section is fed to thefuel disperser to be dispersed into the combus-tion chamber of the furnace.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:162, for distinct furnace heated feed lines

feeding disparate fluids to a furnace.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 188+, 199+,

296, and 297+ for apparatus feedingair and steam to a solid fuel furnace.

164 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.Apparatus in which an oxidizer (air) is heatedin the section and directed into the combustionzone of the furnace through an opening in thefurnace wall remote from any furnace wallopening which may be provided for the fueldisperser or its feed means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:162, for distinct furnace heated feed lines


165 This subclass is indented under subclass 164.Apparatus including one or more sections forheating an oxidizer and means for supplyingthe heated oxidizer to the combustion zone at anumber of spaced points along the flow path ofburning gases and remote from the disperser.

166 This subclass is indented under subclass 161.Apparatus in which an oxidizer is heated in thesection and directed into the combustion cham-ber through the disperser or through a furnacewall opening surrounding the disperser.

167 This subclass is indented under subclass 166.Apparatus in which the heated section includes(1) a hollow portion of a wall of the combus-tion chamber of the furnace, or (2) a combus-tion confining wall and another wall spacedfrom the combustion chamber, and the sectionleads to the disperser to feed the heated oxi-dizer into the combustion chamber through oraround the disperser.

168 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including a power driven disperserwhich rotates about an axis and discharges fuelby centrifugal force (1) at a surface spacedfrom the furnace wall or (2) at an annular pro-trusion of the furnace wall, which surrounds


November 2010

the disperser and which extends in the directionof the axis of the rotation of the disperser.


fusing, subclasses 214+ for a slingeror splasher type fluid disperser, per se.

169 This subclass is indented under subclass 168.Apparatus including an annular rim or a groupof deflectors which extends along the spacedsurface or protrusion and is located adjacentthe surface or protrusion to intercept projectedfuel.

170 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including a mass of porous orspaced refractory material in the furnace andinto which the disperser discharges fuel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:7, for a process of combustion in a

porous body or bed.326+, for a porous, particulate or sievelike

flame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:165, Heat Exchange, subclasses 4+ for a

heat exchanger of the regenerativetype.

202, Distillation: Apparatus, subclasses122, 123, 130, 140, 143, 144, 146, and148, for distillation apparatus using aregenerative type heating device.

432, Heating, subclass 197, for a workchamber in which combustion prod-ucts heat work by contact and havingparticulate or liquid heat transfermedium in the chamber; and sub-classes 214+, for a gas heating struc-ture in which a heat storage mass ischarged with heat for subsequent use.

171 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including (1) structure within thecombustion chamber of the furnace distinctfrom the furnace walls and fuel dischargemeans or (2) a distinct protrusion of the furnacewall, directing the flow of the combustionmaterials.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:116, for recirculation of gases about a mix-

ing or combustion chamber wall orbaffle.

168, for a rotary disperser projecting fuel ata surrounding flange surface in a fur-nace.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 322+ for a fur-

nace baffle or heat retainer.

172 This subclass is indented under subclass 171.Apparatus including structure in the combus-tion chamber arranged to direct burning fuelfrom one or more dispersers against all of theside walls of the chamber.

173 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including means for introducingfuel, oxidizer, or a mixture of the two into a cir-cular combustion chamber substantially tan-gentially to the wall of the chamber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:9, for processes of whirling the feed in a

combustion zone.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 263+ for fur-

naces wherein fine fuel is burned insuspension, e.g., cyclone combustion,etc.

174 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including means to disperse spacedindividual streams of fuel into the furnace.

175 This subclass is indented under subclass 174.Apparatus wherein one fuel stream is dis-charged into the combustion chamber in a lin-ear path which intersects the linear path ofanother fuel stream.

176 This subclass is indented under subclass 175.Apparatus including (1) two or more parallelrows of fuel dispersers facing each other witheach discharge axis of the dispersers of onerow intersecting the discharge axis of anopposing disperser, or; (2) a plurality of fueldispersers arranged in a circular pattern with


1November 2010

the axis of discharge of each disperser being ina common plane.

177 This subclass is indented under subclass 174.Apparatus wherein the fuel dispersers are posi-tioned in a ring shaped pattern with (1) theirdischarge terminus directed at the surroundingside walls of the furnace, or (2) the dispersersbeing located immediately adjacent the sidewalls of the combustion chamber to form alayer of flame at the side walls.

178 This subclass is indented under subclass 174.Apparatus including a row of fuel dispersingmeans having parallel discharge axes; the dis-charge terminus of each disperser means beingat an opening in the combustion chamber wallor forming an opening in the combustionchamber wall.

179 This subclass is indented under subclass 178.Apparatus including two rows of fuel dispers-ers which are close to each other and substan-tially parallel.

180 This subclass is indented under subclass 174.Apparatus including a row of fuel dispersersextending from one wall section of the com-bustion chamber of the furnace through thechamber to another wall section of the cham-ber.

181 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including structure for separatelysupplying fuel and another fluid to a single fur-nace wall opening; said fluids mixing either inthe wall opening or after the two fluids are dis-charged into the furnace.


fusing, subclasses 418+ for sprin-kling, spraying or diffusing structure,per se, with combining of separatelysupplied fluid streams at or beyondthe terminal element.

182 This subclass is indented under subclass 181.Apparatus including an air conduit surroundinga fuel disperser and having means to direct itsdischarge to form spinning stream of air sur-rounding the dispersed fuel.


fusing subclasses 403+ for a fluid dis-charger of general utility whirling onefluid prior to or at the point of addi-tion of a second fluid.

183 This subclass is indented under subclass 182.Apparatus wherein the means for spinning theair includes a ring of spaced fins coaxial withthe disperser and which remain stationarywhile directing the air.

184 This subclass is indented under subclass 183.Apparatus wherein the fins are pivotallymounted so that the angle at which they directair may be changed, if desired.


fusing, subclass 402.5 for disperserstructure, per se, including combiningof separately supplied fluids withadjustable whirling means.

454, Ventilation, subclasses 313+ for an airregister having pivoted slats.

185 This subclass is indented under subclass 181.Apparatus including means at the wall direct-ing the flow of fuel, oxidizer, or a mixture ofthe two to produce a spinning discharge intothe furnace.


fusing, subclasses 399+ for disperserstructure, per se, including combiningof separately supplied fluids withwhirling of fluid.

186 This subclass is indented under subclass 181.Apparatus including (1) means for mountingthe fuel disperser so that its discharge terminusmay be shifted to various positions relative tothe furnace opening, or (2) means at the dis-charge terminus of the fuel disperser to varyeither the fuel discharge pattern or the directionof the fuel discharged.


November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:189, for a disperser of a single feed

mounted for movement relative to afurnace wall opening.

187 This subclass is indented under subclass 181.Apparatus in which the fuel and the other fluidare discharged in coaxial streams into the fur-nace wall opening or combustion chamber.


fusing, subclasses 423+ for the com-bining of separately supplied fluids ator beyond a disperser outlet with con-current or concentric flow means.

188 This subclass is indented under subclass 187.Apparatus wherein the fluid discharged coaxi-ally with the fuel is air supplied by a chambersurrounding the fuel disperser at the furnacewall opening and having an adjustable controlmeans to regulate the supply of air into thechamber.

189 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including means for mounting thefuel disperser so that it may be moved to vari-ous positions relative to the furnace wall open-ing and for supporting it in the variouspositions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:186, for plural feed means extending to a

common wall opening of a furnaceincluding a shiftably mounted dis-perser or adjustably positioned dis-perser terminal element.

190 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.Apparatus including a means distinct from thefuel disperser assembly for supplying air,water, or steam to the combustion chamber ofthe furnace.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:10, for a process of adding an oxidizer to

a region of incomplete combustion.162, for distinct heated sections feeding

disparate fluids to a furnace.

164+, for a heated line feeding air to a fur-nace through an opening spaced froma fuel disperser opening.

351, for means feeding air at axially spacedpoints along combustion confiningstructure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:110, Furnaces, subclasses 188+, 199+,

214, 270, 288, 296, and 297+ for feed-ing air, water, or steam to a solid fuelfurnace.

191 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus wherein a tube or hood dis-tinct from the burner is provided to distributefuel between a first burner and (1) a secondburner, or (2) an externally accessible region;the fuel mixing with air within the tube or hoodto form a combustible charge, which uponbeing ignited by the second burner or at saidregion, burns in the form of a flash passingthrough the tube to ignite the first burner.

192 This subclass is indented under subclass 191.Apparatus in which the fuel that burns in theflash conduit is supplied to the conduit at apoint removed from the region at which theconducted flame is discharged from the conduitagainst the burner being ignited.

193 This subclass is indented under subclass 191.Apparatus in which the fuel that burns in theflash conduit is supplied to the conduit by theignited burner through an orifice differing fromany other orifices of the burner.

194 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.Apparatus in which the orifice of the burnerthat feeds the flash conduit is formed in a nip-ple that serves as a connector supporting an endof the flash conduit.

195 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus comprising a combustionchamber between two radially spaced coaxial,coextensive tubes having an outlet at its topand a fuel distributor at its bottom, one tubehaving multiple perforations through which airis admitted to the chamber.

196 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.Apparatus having associated means for aidingin putting the apparatus into operation; the


1November 2010

means being (1) a pilot burner, i.e., a separatelyfed adjunctive burner, (2) structure additionalto the fuel distributor for supplying a distinctstarting charge of combustible material, or (3)an electrical heater or igniter.

197 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.Apparatus including a means interconnectingthe combustion chamber and fuel distributorand providing for their relative movementbetween a normal operating position and aposition exposing the interior of the distributor.

198 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.Apparatus in which the distributor comprises achamber coextensive with and adjacent the endof the combustion annulus; the chamber dis-tributing fuel into the annulus through spacedports or through an elongated circumferentiallyextending restricted throat passage.

199 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.Apparatus including a line section feeding fuelto the distributor and which section is heatedby combustion of fuel within the annulus.

200 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.Apparatus including a second combustionchamber formed by two radially spaced coax-ial, coextensive tubes, one tube being perfo-rated; the tubes forming one combustionchamber being radially spaced from the tubesforming the other combustion chamber to forma common combustion air supply passagebetween the two chambers.

201 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.Apparatus with an encircling baffle or shielddefining a chamber or passage by which air isdirected to the perforations in the tube.

202 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus (1) with a static constructionalinstallation, or (2) with a particulargeos:graphic feature, or (3) supported or car-ried by a means performing an operation exter-nal of the subject matter of this class; whereinthere is included no more of the installation,feature or means than is necessary to bring outits relationship to the apparatus of Class 431.

203 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a reservoir holding alimited fuel charge with means on the reservoir

serving to support and supply fuel to a flameholder, and means whereby the fuel in the res-ervoir is heated.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:36+, for automatic control of or by the tem-

perature, pressure or liquid level of allheated supply line or tank.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:62, Refrigeration, subclasses 48.1+ for a

device of general utility dispensingvapor from a liquefied gas storagecontainer.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 135+ for a sprin-kling or spraying device not special-ized to combustion having means forheating the system or system fluid.

204 This subclass is indented under subclass 203.Apparatus including means wherein fuel fromthe reservoir is discharged as a high velocitystream across a flame area of an associatedwick type burner.

205 This subclass is indented under subclass 203.Apparatus including a fuel charge receivingbasin in which a fuel charge is burned toexhaustion in raising the temperature of thefuel in the reservoir to a condition for operationof the flame holder.

206 This subclass is indented under subclass 203.Apparatus including a distinct heat conductivemember that carries heat from the combustionzone to the tank or its contents.

207 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a line feeding fluidto a flame holder and having (1) a means otherthan the flame at the flame holder for heating asection of the line, or (2) an arranged by whichthe fed flame holder heats a distinct section ofthe line by which it is fed or feed materialwhile it is within the feed line.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:11, for a process of heating the burner

feed.36+, for automatic control of or by the

burner feed supply heating structure.


November 2010

103+, for a heated feed line section feedingan incandescent mantle.

161+, for a feed line section for a furnaceheated by the furnace.

199, for a fuel distributor underlying acombustion annulus having air feed-ing perforations the feed line supply-ing the distributor being heated by thecombustion annulus.

203+, for a flame holder mounted on aheated single charge fuel tank supply-ing fuel to the flame holder.


classes 89+ for a gas generator, per se,or for a gas generator with a burnerfed by such generator combined withmeans for purifying, fixing or storingan unburned portion of the generatedgas.

122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, sub-class 10 for a boiler that producessteam to feed a fluid fuel burner orsubclasses 13.01-19.2 for a standboiler (e.g., water heater, etc.) thatprovides hot water for domestic orhousehold use (e.g., cooking, clean-ing, washing, bathing, space heating,etc.) that may be in other than a houseor home (e.g., apartment building,office building, restaurant, laundry,recreational vehicle, etc.) having afluid fuel burner and a preheater.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 334+ for afluid distribution system not special-ized to combustion having means forheating or cooling the system or thesystem fluid.

196, Mineral Oils: Apparatus, subclasses104+ for mineral oil vaporizing appa-ratus.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 128+ for a spraydevice not specialized to combustionhaving heating or cooling means forthe device or the fluid handled by thedevice.

208 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which a device that changes elec-trical energy to heat energy is a heat source forthe feed line.


class 103 for apparatus generating gasfrom oil which is heated by an electri-cal heater and which does not feed animmediately associated fuel dis-charger specialized to combustion.

137, Fluid Handling, subclass 341 for afluid handling system of general util-ity in which the fluid is heated by anelectric heating element.

392, Electric Resistance Heating Devices, subclasses 386+ for electrical appara-tus of general application for vaporiz-ing a liquid and subclasses 441+ forheating a fluid.

209 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including means wherein the sectionand heat source are structurally connected to berelatively movable, e.g., to vary the thermaleffect of the heat source on the section, or toposition the heat source away from the heatedsection.

210 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus having structure by which fluids ofdifferent compositions are fed to a commonpoint in the heat absorbing section, eithersimultaneously or at different times.

211 This subclass is indented under subclass 210.Apparatus including means to heat one of thefluids prior to mixing it with another fluid atthe common point.

212 This subclass is indented under subclass 211.Apparatus including means to heat the otherunmixed fluid prior to feeding it to the feedline at the common point.

213 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including means for dischargingheated air from the section downwardly againstthe surface of a body or film of liquid fuel.

214 This subclass is indented under subclass 213.Apparatus in which the heated air from the sec-tion is discharged downwardly at a film of liq-uid fuel flowing down a surface within thecombustion zone.


1November 2010

215 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including means by which theheated line section receives its heat at a regionremote from the combustion area from com-bustion products flowing through a conduitextending from the immediate combustion areaand directing the products to the heated sec-tion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:432, Heating, subclasses 179+, for a resid-

ual material heating furnace in whichfuel is burned and in which the cham-ber exhaust heats combustion materialbeing fed to the chamber.

216 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including two heated feed line sec-tions, one supplying a fluid of one compositionand the other supplying a fluid of a differentcomposition either directly or through a mixerto a common combustion zone.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:162, for distinct heated feed line sections


217 This subclass is indented under subclass 216.Apparatus in which the two fluids are fed to thecombustion zone through a device in whichthey are intermingled.

218 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including an open topped, liquidtight, receptacle located in proximity to a feedline and in which liquid fuel is burned to heatthe feed line, the feed line delivering the feedeither to the combustion zone of the receptacleor to an additional flame holder.

219 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.Apparatus wherein water is heated in the sec-tion above its temperature of vaporization andincluding means to deliver the heated water(steam) from the heated section to the combus-tion zone of the receptacle or into the fuel inthe receptacle.

220 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.Apparatus including a line feeding heated fuelto a flame holder and another line for feedingfuel to the fuel receptacle.

221 This subclass is indented under subclass 220.Apparatus in which the basin fuel feed line andflame holder fuel feed line are connected to acommon main fuel line and the basin fuel feedline includes a valve to control the flow of fuelto the basin independently of the flow to theflame holder.

222 This subclass is indented under subclass 218.Apparatus in which the receptacle is positionedto receive liquid drip or drainage from the dis-charge end of the fuel line feed by the heatedsection.

223 This subclass is indented under subclass 222.Apparatus with a deflector adjacent the dis-charge terminus of the fuel line and mounted tobe moved into and out of a position directingthe fuel discharged into the receptacle.

224 This subclass is indented under subclass 222.Apparatus in which the heated feed line sectionis a horizontally extending hollow wall sectionof the receptacle.

225 This subclass is indented under subclass 222.Apparatus including a valve for controlling theflow of fuel through the heated section and thebasin being mounted on the valve body.

226 This subclass is indented under subclass 222.Apparatus in which the heat absorbing sectionof the fuel line is a vertically extending cone ora drum shaped structure positioned above theterminus of the fuel line and in which thereceptacle is subjacent the terminus.

227 This subclass is indented under subclass 222.Apparatus wherein the heated fuel line sectionextends vertically through the fuel basin.

228 This subclass is indented under subclass 227.Apparatus in which the fuel line extends verti-cally through the basin and discharges oversurrounding means forming one or more pas-sages descending to a flame holder or dis-charge terminus immediately above the basin.

229 This subclass is indented under subclass 227.Apparatus in which the receptacle is relativelylong in one dimension and parallels an overly-ing horizontally extending conduit that formsthe heat absorbing section of the fuel line.


November 2010

230 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including a first liquid fuel burnerhaving a capillary mass conveying liquid fuelfrom a source to its heated feed line section,and a second distinct burner for heating thefeed line section of the first burner.

231 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including a liquid supply container,a line feeding such liquid to a first burner, asecond burner heating the feed line of the firstburner, and a line by which gas from the spaceabove the liquid in the container is supplied tothe second burner.

232 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which a feed line section heatedby the fed flame holder is also heated by a sec-ond flame holder; e.g., the initial vapor for anoil vapor burner is generated by a gas burnerand the continuing vapor by the oil vaporburner.

233 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which a portion of the materialthat has been heated in the heat absorbing lineis fed to a burner heating the line and anotherportion is fed a means discharging externally orto a separate burner.

234 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.Apparatus including a group of similar burners(e.g., cooking stove burners etc.), all of whichare fed by the heated feed line section and oneof which heats the heated section.

235 This subclass is indented under subclass 233.Apparatus in which the heated line feeds gasproduced or generated therein to a line heatingburner and to a line supplying a heating or illu-minating gas distribution system.

236 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which the heat absorbing sectionis heated by a burner not fed by the heated sec-tion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:104, for an incandescent mantle feed line

heated by a discrete flame holder.218+, for a fuel basin heating the feed line

section of a disparate flame holder.

232, for a feed line section heated by dis-tinct flame holders, one fed by thesection.

237 This subclass is indented under subclass 236.Apparatus including a line feeding the heatabsorbing section and a branch line connectedahead of the heated section supplying theburner which heats the section.

238 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including means whereby unheatedfuel is supplied either (1) directly to the flameholder or (2) to the line delivering feed to theflame holder downstream of the heated section.

239 This subclass is indented under subclass 238.Apparatus in which feed from the heated sec-tion of the feed line is discharged as a highvelocity stream through (1) a suction device topick up unheated fuel, or (2) an atomizingdevice to which the unheated fuel is suppliedfor atomization.


fusing, subclass 138 for a fluid sprin-kling or spraying device of generalapplication with heating means for thesprayed fluid and in which two fluidsare discharged through a single termi-nal outlet, one fluid aspirating theother.

240 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which the heat absorbing sectionhas within it and in the flow path of the fuel (1)means holding back or separating anyentrained solids from the fuel; or (2) meansspreading out the fuel, guiding it or transmit-ting heat to it; or (3) wick means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:230, for an auxiliary burner which heats a

wick within a heated feed line sectionfor another burner.

241 This subclass is indented under subclass 240.Apparatus including a fuel tank and wickmeans for lifting liquid fuel from the tank tothe heated section by capillary action.


1November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:230, for a liquid fuel burner having a wick

in its feed line and heated by an auxil-iary burner.

242 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which a flame area through whichthe heated section of the feed line passes isdefined by a casing forming part of a flameholder assembly and spaced from the heatedsection.

243 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which the heat absorbing sectionof the feed line is shaped to form, is within, oris heat conductively arranged along, wall struc-ture of an enclosure that directs or confines theflame.

244 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including a burner head having plu-ral distinct orifice or sets of orifices thatreceive the feed from the heated section of thefuel line; one of the distinct burner orifices orsets of orifices being arranged to heat the fuelline and another being otherwise directed.

245 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus including structure by whichunheated oxidizer is mixed with the feed fromthe heated line section and the mixture passesthrough a line or manifold to a terminus of theflame holder discharging to the combustionzone heating the feed line.

246 This subclass is indented under subclass 245.Apparatus wherein the heated section is locatedwithin a wall of the flame holder.


fusing, subclass 132.5 for a sprayer ofgeneral utility in which a heatexchange fluid in the terminal elementis, or is added to the spray fluid.

247 This subclass is indented under subclass 207.Apparatus in which the feed line is a conduitwithin or passing through the flame area fed bythe conduit.

248 This subclass is indented under subclass 247.Apparatus with a means directing the flow offlame or products of combustion from theburner to or around the heated feed line sec-tion.

249 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a chamber, chimney,or shield forming a flame enclosing zone andhaving distinct means additional to the normalcombustion material supply or exhaust struc-ture by which passage to or from the zone maybe had, or by which the interior of the zonemay be exposed; e.g., an ignition or cleaningport, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:129+, for a movable burner head cover and

interrelated igniter.146+, for a movably or removably mounted

burner cover.153, for the correlation of burner fuel or

power supply with component move-ments (e.g., door opening, etc.) in adisabling and enabling sequence.

186, for a furnace having a fuel and air dis-perser shiftably mounted in a wallopening of a furnace.

189, for a fuel disperser adjustablymounted for movement relative to afurnace wall opening.

191+, for a burner ignited by a flash flamethrough a conduit.

197, for a perforated combustion annulusmounted for access to an underlyingannular fuel distributor.

250 This subclass is indented under subclass 249.Apparatus including a flame enclosure and amatch scratcher located within the enclosureadjacent the access or exposure means forstriking a match to light the flame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:270, for a cap, match or pellet igniting

charge holding and firing structurewithin a flame enclosure that has anexternally accessible charge firingoperator.


November 2010

251 This subclass is indented under subclass 249.Apparatus including means wherein the com-bustion zone enclosing means can be movedrelative to the remainder of the apparatus togive access to the enclosed zone.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:197, for a combustion annulus having air

feeding perforations movablymounted for access to an underlyingfuel distributor.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:362, Illumination, subclasses 174+ for a

tubular lantern with a globe operator.

252 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having an appurtenance asso-ciated with a flame holder such that when air isdrawn or blown through the appurtenance by adevice or person at intervals, as desired, theflame held by the holder will be extended ordeflected by the moving air.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:8+, for a process of flame shaping.204, for a fuel jet from a heated tank tra-

versing a wick burner.


fusing, subclasses 290+ for a sprin-kling or spraying structure of generalutility with a supplemental gas shap-ing or shielding jet; and subclasses398+ for a sprinkling or sprayingstructure not specialized by structureto combustion with combining of sep-arately supplied fluid streams.

253 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. A combustion or combustion startingdevice as defined in the ... (1) combined withan additional feature or structure having a func-tion other than combustion or combustion start-ing; or (2) combined with additional structureserving to perfect the operation of the combus-tion device or combustion starting device.

(1) Note. The features and structures men-tioned in (1) Note of the class definition

as part of a fuel discharger device spe-cializing it to this class are not regardedas additional features or structures forclassification in this “combined” sub-class.

(2) Note. The combined features or struc-tures function other than as a support,handle or as a portion of a combustionfluid supply structure. For example,search this class subclass 295 for aholder for plural candles; 296 for a hookclamp or spike supported candle holder;subclasses 320+ for a wick type burnerhaving a liquid fuel tank; subclass 343for a flame holder with a supportingbracket, leg, hook, strap, or clip, subclass344 for a flame holder-fuel tank assem-bly; and subclass 345 for a flame holderhaving an attached handle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:206, Special Receptacle or Package, sub-

classes 85+ for a tobacco containerwith an igniter for said content.

254 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having means conjointly acti-vating a burner feed means and a structure bywhich mechanical or electrical energy is uti-lized to create a fuel ignition in the combustionzone of the fed burner.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:28, for the automatic control of the

sequence of operation of a feed heaterand feed flow controller or igniter.

67, for igniter heat up and fuel feedsequence controlled by a timer orretarder.

72+, for a condition responsive control ofan igniting and fuel feeding sequence.

130+, for correlated action of an igniter, fuelfeed valve and burner cover.

255 This subclass is indented under subclass 254.Apparatus including, as a part of a unitaryburner assembly, structure which creates theelectrical energy for the igniter from someother form of energy.


1November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:219, Electric Heating, subclass 268 for an

igniter of the resistive element typewith a source of power or current.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems andDevices, subclasses 258+ for an elec-trical igniter having an electrome-chanical generator.

256 This subclass is indented under subclass 254.Apparatus in which a portion of a valve con-trolling burner feed, or the mechanical meansby which the valve is activated, acts to close anelectrical circuit in which the igniter is con-nected.

257 This subclass is indented under subclass 256.Apparatus wherein an element or operatormeans of the valve acts to move one electroderelative to another electrode of the igniter sothat the electrodes come into brushing contactor break with each other to create a spark.

258 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus in which an electrical heatingmeans, e.g., resistance coil, spark, etc., raises afuel oxidizer mixture to ignition temperature orsupplies heat to a combustion area of a burner.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:28, for an automatically controlled elec-

trical feed preheater and igniter.128, for a common support for an electrical

igniter and a hand torch.196, for an electric combustion starter for a

burner having a fuel distributor under-lying a combustion annulus having airfeeding perforations.

208, for an electricity heated burner feedline section.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:89, Ordnance, subclasses 28.05+ for an

electrical firing device for ordnance.102, Ammunition and Explosives, sub-

classes 202.5+ for a fuse, primer origniter utilizing electrical energy forfiring an ammunition or explosivedevice and subclass 322 for a blastingcharge igniter fired by an electric cur-rent.

219, Electric Heating, subclasses 260+ fora resistive element type electricaligniter, per se.

221, Article Dispensing, subclasses 143+for an article dispenser having articletreating means including an electricaligniter.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems andDevices, appropriate subclasses undersubclass 247 for an electrical ignitingsystem.

259 This subclass is indented under subclass 258.Apparatus including an electrical heater whichheats the feed material and a spaced electricalmeans for igniting the heated material.

260 This subclass is indented under subclass 258.Apparatus including an electrical means posi-tioned adjacent structure collecting or holdinga pool or film of liquid fuel, said electricalmeans vaporizing a portion of the fuel from thestructure and igniting it.

261 This subclass is indented under subclass 260.Apparatus in which the structure is a wick or aporous solid capable of holding fuel by capil-lary action in the vicinity of the electricalmeans.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:128, for a commonly supported electrical

igniter and removable hand manipula-ble torch.

262 This subclass is indented under subclass 261.Apparatus wherein the igniter is an electricalresistor which reaches a temperature, whenenergized, which is sufficient to ignite the fuel.

263 This subclass is indented under subclass 258.Apparatus having means forming an auxiliarycombustion chamber or distinct zone with anelectrical igniter located in proximity to themain flame zone of the burner to ignite the fuelforming the main flame but located to the sideof or in a by-pass of the direct blast or the mainflame or main flame feed stream.

264 This subclass is indented under subclass 258.Apparatus including an electrode of a sparkgap device positioned adjacent a fuel discharge


November 2010

nozzle or in front of it to ignite the dischargedfuel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,

a subclasses 118+ for a spark device,per se.

265 This subclass is indented under subclass 264.Apparatus including an air blast tube surround-ing the fuel discharge nozzle, and delivering airto the discharged fuel at the nozzle, and havingstructure supporting the electrode within the airblast tube.

266 This subclass is indented under subclass 264.Apparatus in which the fuel discharge nozzleserves as an electrode or forms a necessary linkconducting electricity to an immediately asso-ciated electrode of the spark gap device.

267 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus by which igniting heat is pro-duced by means converting mechanical energyinto heat energy, by a catalyst, or by meansmixing chemicals that react at low temperatureand become heated to ignition temperature byreleased heat of reaction.


classes 507+ for a match, per se.131, Tobacco, subclass 185 for a smoking

device combined with an igniter; sub-class 234 for an igniter or matchscratcher combined with a tobaccoash receiver; and subclass 249 for acigar end cutter combined with anigniter or match scratcher.

149, Explosive and Thermic Compositionsor Charges, appropriate subclass foran explosive or thermic compositionor charge, e.g., match composition,etc.

206, Special Receptacle or Package, sub-classes 85+ for a tobacco containerwith an igniter for said content.

268 This subclass is indented under subclass 267.Apparatus in which the combustion initiatingtemperature is produced by the flow of an airand fuel mixture across a catalytic member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:147, for a burner having a catalytic flame

holder or igniter and an extinguishingcover for stopping combustion.

326+, for a porous, capillary or particulateflame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Dis-

infecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, orSterilizing, subclasses 122, 139+,171, 177+, 631-638, and 211 for appa-ratus for carrying out a chemical reac-tion in which a catalyst is used.

502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or SupportTherefor: Product or Process of Mak-ing, for a composition comprising acatalyst, per se.

269 This subclass is indented under subclass 267.Apparatus comprising structure by which aheld charge of combustible mixture that burstsinto flame when subjected to friction or percus-sion is fired by being moved or struck, saidcharge being in the form of a cap, match, orpellet.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:87, for a timer controlling a combustion

initiating means, e.g., match strikeretc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:42, Firearms, subclasses 54+ for a device

made to imitate a firearm and whichfires an explosive, e.g., a cap, etc., bymeans of some sort of hammer.

102, Ammunition and Explosives, sub-class 204 and 205 for an ignitingdevice specialized to the igniting of anexplosive device of Class 102; sub-class 322 for a blasting cap; andappropriate subclass for a cartridge orcap type explosive charge or device,per se, with or without an electricalheater, that may be used as an igniter.

206, Special Receptacle or Package, sub-classes 98+ for a match safe wherein amatch is ignited by withdrawal fromthe safe.


1November 2010

221, Article Dispensing, subclasses 137+for a dispenser having a match striker,particularly subclass 139 for a devicein which the manual removal of amatch causes it to be struck.

312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass86 for a cabinet with a dispensingmagazine for matches and havingmeans for igniting the dispensedmatch.

446, Amusement Devices: Toys, sub-classes 398+ for a cap exploding toyother than one which simulates a fire-arm.

270 This subclass is indented under subclass 269.Apparatus in which mechanical energy to fire acharge positioned within a flame enclosure issupplied by an energy transmitting structure,said structure being released or activated by ameans accessible from without the enclosure.

271 This subclass is indented under subclass 269.Apparatus containing or supporting a pluralityof charges and having means dispensing orholding separate one charge from the othercharges and said means including structureproviding for the firing of the separated charge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:133, for a solid ignition charge dispenser

and striker correlated with the motionof a flame holder cover.

272 This subclass is indented under subclass 271.Apparatus including means by which chargeslinearly spaced along a strip or joined end toend by interconnectors between each twocharges are successively advanced to the firingstructure.

273 This subclass is indented under subclass 267.Apparatus in which an element and a memberhaving an abrasive surface are rubbed togetherto project particles heated to igniting tempera-ture by friction.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions,

subclass 416 for rare earth metal basealloys which are useful for producingsparks, i.e., so-called “flints”.

446, Amusement Devices: Toys, sub-classes 22+ for a spark-producing toy.

274 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.Apparatus including a mounting structure forthe element, a mounting structure for the abra-sive surface and a slidable or pivotal meansdistinct from the mounting structure to movethe abrasive surface relative to the element.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:129+, for a burner head cover operatively

interrelated with an igniter, most ofwhich are of the mechanically oper-ated abrasive type.

275 This subclass is indented under subclass 274.Apparatus wherein energy is stored in themeans for moving the abrasive member, e.g., aspring etc., and a means is included to suddenlyrelease the stored energy to cause the abrasivemember to move over the element.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:136, for a burner in which the release of a

latch frees a cover to spring open androtate an abrasive wheel; and subclass137 for the quick activation of anabrasive member by release of storedenergy correlated with burner covermotion.

276 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.Apparatus in which the element, e.g., flint, ismounted on or within a holding device, theapparatus having structure by which the ele-ment is translated or rotated relative to theholding device.

277 This subclass is indented under subclass 273.Apparatus wherein both the element and theabrasive member are supported by a fuel tankwhich supplies fuel to a burner being lighted bythe projected particles from the element.

278 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including two flame holdingstructures or sections physically related to eachother, one of said structures or sections beingoperable independently of the other because of,(1) independent fuel supplies, or (2) a distinctseparately actuatable controller or valve pas-


November 2010

sage regulating the discharge to one of thestructures or sections.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:191+, for one burner igniting another by

flash of flame through a conduit.220, for burner assembly having a feed line

for one flame holder heated by a sepa-rately supplied pot type burner.

236+, for a feed line for one burner heatedby an auxiliary burner.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 599.01+

for a fluid handling system dividing aflow stream into parallel paths withrecombining (e.g., pilot and mainflame paths feeding a burner etc.).

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 444+ for a fluiddischarge system of broader applica-tion having valving means controllingflow to selective terminal outlets.

279 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus wherein one flame holding structurehas a movable connector upon which it may berotated, pivoted or slid relative to anotherflame holding structure, e.g., into or out ofigniting relationship etc.

280 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus in which the feed to the distinctflame holding sections is under the control of asingle valve element having one or moregrooves or passages that coacts with a valveseat to control the feed to one of the flameholder sections independently of that toanother.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 625+ for

an arrangement in which a multiwayvalve unit controls flow in a fluid han-dling system of more general applica-tion.

281 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus having separate controllers for twoflame holding sections that are interconnectedby structure providing common or interlockedoperation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:42, for the control or actuation of plural

burners in which the sensor of oneburner controls another; and subclass60+ for the sequential operation ofplural burners by a time, program orcondition responsive actuator.

282 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus in which one of the flame holders isa wick that has an adjusting structure by whichit may be independently controlled.

283 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus in which one of a plurality of flameholding sections is positioned to be ignited by asecond section and to ignite a third section.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:48, for a control system in which a sensor

of a first burner controls a secondburner and a sensor of the secondburner controls a third burner; and

192, for a flash igniting conduit having afeed means for the conduit spacedfrom the ignited burner.

284 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus wherein the fuel feeder dischargesfuel at its terminus in a pattern coaxial of orsurrounding the discharge terminus of the otherfuel feed.


fusing, subclasses 448+ for a sprin-kling or spraying device not special-ized to combustion having selectivelyusable or variable diverse terminalelements one of which dischargescentrally of another.

285 This subclass is indented under subclass 278.Apparatus forming a burner head assembly thathas as a part thereof means forming anenclosed or shielded combustion space fed byboth sections.

286 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a distinct meansproviding an exposed combustible mixture in a


1November 2010

zone extending from one distinct flame holdingarea of a burner head or section to another dis-tinct burner head or section.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:191+, for a burner ignited by a flash flame

through a conduit; and283, for three separately supplied or con-

trolled burners mounted in cross ignit-ing relationship.

287 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus with means additional to thenormal combustion structure (1) for preparinga burner for lighting or (2) for interaction witha source of igniting temperature in the initia-tion of combustion of fuel in a burner being putinto operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:196, for means supplying a priming charge

to a combustion annulus.

288 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including (1) a unit compris-ing a wick or other capillary fuel conveyingstructure on which fuel burns imbedded in ameltable solid fuel, e.g., wax etc., which ismelted by the heat of the burner flame and isfed to the flame by the wick; or (2) structurepeculiarly adapted for use with such a unit.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:35, for an extinguishing device controlled

by means responsive to a change incandle length or fuel quantity.

125, for a simulation which may be a can-dle simulating another article, or a liq-uid fuel burner simulating a candle.

126, for a combustion device, e.g., candleetc., with added ornamentation.


class 275 for a candle composition.264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shap-

ing or Treating: Processes, appropri-ate subclass for a process of molding acandle.

362, Illumination, subclasses 190+ for anelectric lamp simulating a candle.

425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shap-ing or Treating: Apparatus, sub-classes 117+ for apparatus for castingcandles.

289 This subclass is indented under subclass 288.Apparatus including (1) a candle or taper com-bined with structure additional to the wick andfuel of the candle or taper, or (2) a device pecu-liarly adapted for use with a candle or taper.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:248, Supports, subclasses 511+ for a sup-

port of general utility for staff typeobjects.

362, Illumination, subclasses 161+ for alantern using a candle, and subclass447 for a shade or bowl supported ona candle.

290 This subclass is indented under subclass 289.Apparatus including structural means providedto (1) maintain the flame of the burning candleor taper at a constant elevation, or (2) adjust theheight of the burning portion of the wick to adesired position in a candle support.

291 This subclass is indented under subclass 289.Apparatus including a surrounding casing orwall extending the full length of the solid fuelbody.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:290, for a candle having a height adjusting

or flame level maintaining device,e.g., a candle enclosing sleeve withinwhich the candle is advanced as thefuel body is consumed etc.


lantern having a chimney and inwhich the light source is usually acandle.

292 This subclass is indented under subclass 289.Apparatus in which the additional deviceincludes structure particularly adapted to actupon, receive or direct the flow of candle mate-rial liquefied by the heat of the flame.


November 2010

293 This subclass is indented under subclass 292.Apparatus including a device for encircling theflame end of the candle and holding meltedmaterial adjacent the flame zone; the devicebeing supported by the candle material adja-cent the flame and sliding down along the can-dle as the supporting candle material isconsumed by the flame.

294 This subclass is indented under subclass 292.Apparatus comprising a melt receiving recepta-cle carrying a candle grasping or socket means;the grasping or socket means having drainagestructure or being of spaced elements providingfor escape or drainage of the melt to the recep-tacle.

295 This subclass is indented under subclass 289.Apparatus wherein the device is a holderadapted to support a plurality of candles or can-dle flame sections erect and spaced apart.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:248, Supports, subclasses 512+ for a sup-

port of general utility for plural stafftype objects.

296 This subclass is indented under subclass 289.Apparatus including a candle holder and ahook, clamp, or spike for securing it to anexternal structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:7, Compound Tools, subclass 104 for a

candlestick provided with a spike sup-ported holder, combined with a toolsuch as a knife blade, fuse capper, etc.

297 This subclass is indented under subclass 289.Apparatus comprising a unitary structure hav-ing a portion for engaging and retaining a can-dle and another portion for engagement andretention by a candlestick socket.

298 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a fibrous and flexi-ble, cord, tape or tube; one end of which formsa flame holder; and that by capillary actiondraws up and feeds to the flame holder a steadysupply of liquid fuel.

(1) Note. A claim to a wick by name only, interms of material, but no structure pecu-

liar to a wick is considered to be a claimto a sorbent for Class 502. Woven mate-rial is not considered peculiar to a wickbut a specific weave is structure peculiarto a wick.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:34, for a wick cover actuated in response

to tilting a burner.102, for a wick feeding vapor to a mantle.282, for an adjustable wick burner physi-

cally related to another burner.288+, for a candle or taper, i.e., a wick

impregnated with or embedded in abody of wax.


fusing, subclasses 44+ for a slow dif-fuser spreading material into the airby vaporization from a wick removingliquid from a holder, and subclass 145for a porous or external wick dis-charge of material.

502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or SupportTherefor: Product or Process of Mak-ing, subclass 1 for a sorbent claimedas having thermal conductivity andsubclasses 400+ and 526 for a sorbentwhich may be used as a wick.

299 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus including a device holding a body ofliquid of a different material than the fuel fed tothe wick adjacent to the zone heated by thewick flame, or feeding such liquid to the zoneheated by the wick flame.

300 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus including apparatus supplying a dis-tinct stream of pressurized air to the combus-tion area of a flame holding structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:252, for a burner with adjunctive means to

extend the flame by air blast or aspira-tion.

301 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus for limiting the upward or down-ward movement of a wick in its support, or for


1November 2010

restraining the wick from unintentional move-ment.

302 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus in which the wick is tubular in sec-tion at the flame zone and is supported bystructure forming an air passage to the interiorof the tubular wick through which air is sup-plied to the flame zone.

303 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.Apparatus wherein (1) the wick has a lateral airinlet or (2) one or more wicks are folded orpositioned adjacent each other to form a tubu-lar wick section at the flame zone and to form alateral air inlet to the central air passage.

304 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.Apparatus including means for moving thewick section into or out of the flame zone andrelative to its support.

305 This subclass is indented under subclass 304.Apparatus wherein the means for moving thewick includes a helical section attached to thewick which acts with a portion of the supportto elevate the wick.

306 This subclass is indented under subclass 304.Apparatus wherein the means for moving thewick includes a screw in which structuralmeans moves upon rotation of the screw, andthe structural means engages the wick formovement relative to the support.

307 This subclass is indented under subclass 304.Apparatus wherein the means for moving thewick includes structural means forming a rackand engaging the wick, and a pinion meshingwith the rack for reciprocating the rack andwick in a longitudinal direction.

308 This subclass is indented under subclass 304.Apparatus wherein the means for moving thewick includes structural means attached to thewick and having a bar, the bar being movablein a longitudinal direction for raising and low-ering the wick.

309 This subclass is indented under subclass 302.Apparatus including structure in addition to theinterior air passage for directing or distributingair into the flame zone of the wick.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:195, for a combustion annulus having air

feeding perforations above a fuel dis-tributor, e.g., wick etc.

310 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus including a directing device at theupper end of the wick shielding the flame orestablishing the size, shape or character of theflame by controlling the flow of air relative tothe wick.

311 This subclass is indented under subclass 310.Apparatus including a member made of trans-parent or translucent material through whichthe wick projects.


transparent lamp chimney which mayact as an air guide or distributor.

312 This subclass is indented under subclass 310.Apparatus including means forming a pluralityof passages each surrounding the wick or flamezone of the wick and each directing a distinctstream of air at all sides of the flame zone.

313 This subclass is indented under subclass 310.Apparatus including plural distinct elongatedair passages leading to distinct regions of thewick flame zone.

314 This subclass is indented under subclass 310.Apparatus including means forming an air pas-sage surrounding the wick or flame zone of thewick and having a discharge annulus adjacentthe flame zone.

315 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus including structure for (1) movingthe wick relative to a support or guide; or (2)varying the capillary action of a wick section orsize of fuel conveying passages in or at thewick to control fuel flow therethrough.

316 This subclass is indented under subclass 315.Apparatus including a supported means havingradial projections, e.g., a toothed wheel, whichengages the wick to raise or lower it etc.


November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:304+, for a wick raiser for a tubular wick.

317 This subclass is indented under subclass 316.Apparatus including a transmission mechanismsuch as a coupling, linkage, gear train, or rackand pinion for moving the rotatably supportedmeans.

318 This subclass is indented under subclass 316.Apparatus including two rotatably supportedmeans for engaging and moving the wick beingpositioned on opposite sides of the wick andhaving parallel axis.

319 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus including a fuel supply reservoir,and a wick support that is remote from the fuelreservoir and in communication therewith by adiscrete fuel feed line.

320 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus in which a reservoir containing afuel supply carries means holding a wickextending inwardly and outwardly of the reser-voir.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General

Cleaning, for brushing and scrubbingimplement of the wick type having asupply holder.

222, Dispensing, subclass 187 for a wicktype dispensing device.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 44+ for a slow dif-fuser including a wick extending froma liquid reservoir.

321 This subclass is indented under subclass 320.Apparatus including (1) distinct means forminga passage through a wall of the reservoir serv-ing as a vent for the reservoir; or (2) means dis-tinct from the wick guide or support openingfor filling the reservoir.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:141, Fluent Material Handling, With

Receiver or Receiver CoactingMeans, appropriate subclass formeans specialized for filling a con-tainer with a fluent material.

322 This subclass is indented under subclass 320.Apparatus including discrete structure for hold-ing or supporting the wick guide or support onthe container when in a removed position.

323 This subclass is indented under subclass 320.Apparatus including (1) structure distinct from,and in addition to, the normal wick support forsupporting a section of the wick; (2) structurerestraining or directing the flow or movementof fluid within the reservoir; or (3) absorbentmaterial within the reservoir feeding fuel to thewick by capillary action.

324 This subclass is indented under subclass 320.Apparatus including a removably mounted clo-sure member for the container and means form-ing a passageway extending through theclosure and filled with and supporting thewick.

325 This subclass is indented under subclass 298.Apparatus in which the fibrous and flexiblecord, tape, or tube (1) has a surface covering inthe form of a coating; (2) is impregnated with amaterial other than fuel; (3) is made up of lay-ers of diverse materials; (4) is made up of twodistinct connected sections; or (5) has as anintegral part of the wick an attached or embed-ded strengthening, supporting or protectingstructure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic,

appropriate subclass for a plastic orcoating composition, per se.

428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Arti-cles, appropriate subclasses, for astock material product in the form of asingle or plural layer web or sheet,and especially subclasses 364+ for astructurally defined or coated rod,strand, fiber or filament.

502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or SupportTherefor: Product or Process of Mak-ing, for a sorbent or catalyst, per se,which may serve as a flame holdermaterial.

326 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having structure traversed byfuel which burns within the structure or alongits surface, said structure being (1) a mass with


1November 2010

interstices within which combustion takesplace, (2) a discharge surface member with tra-versing minute passages through which fuel issupplied to the combustion zone to burn as afilm thereon, or (3) a screen or screenlikemeans at the combustion area to which the fuelis fed.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support

Therefor: Product or Process of Mak-ing, for a sorbent or catalyst, per se,which may serve as flame holdermaterial.

327 This subclass is indented under subclass 326.Apparatus including a porous capillary body ofmaterial, a surface of which carries the flameand the pores of which constitute a fuel storagereservoir and fuel feed passages, said bodyhaving distinct means attached thereto or ameans containing it to manually carry it or sup-port it.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:127, for a commonly supported igniter and

removable hand manipulable torch.


classes 542+ for solid fuel composi-tions coated or impregnated for easierignition.

362, Illumination, subclass 182 for adevice for connecting a campaigntorch to a staff.

502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or SupportTherefor: Product or Process of Mak-ing, for a sorbent or catalyst, per se,which may serve as a flame holdermaterial.

328 This subclass is indented under subclass 326.Apparatus including a feed line connected tothe flame holding structure for directing fuelfor traversal as a fuel or combustion productthrough the structure and for initial combustionwithin or along the surface of the flame holdingstructure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:7, for a process of burning fuel in a

porous body or bed.147, for a catalytic burner with an extin-

guishing cover.170, for a furnace containing checker work

or a permeable mass into which fuel isdispersed for combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 92+

for a stove having an incandescing,radiating, or surface combustion typeflame holder.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 145 for a disperser ordiffuser of general utility having aporous or external wick dischargemeans.

329 This subclass is indented under subclass 328.Apparatus wherein the flame holding structureincludes a screen of interwoven refractorystrands of material along the surface of whichthe fuel burns.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:100+, for an incandescent mantle of a woven

material and on which fuel burns.

330 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including (1) means formingsuccessive drops of fuel which fall into a com-bustion zone, (2) means forming stepped liquidfuel surfaces within a combustion zonearranged for serial flow of the fuel as a flowinglayer thereover, or (3) a sloping shelf or baffleexposed within a combustion zone fed with aliquid stream at an upper part that is formedinto a layer that flows by gravity as a layeracross the shelf or baffle toward a lower edge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:214, for means directing heated air at fuel

flowing down a stepped or inclinedsurface.


November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:222, Dispensing, subclasses 420+ a dis-

penser of general utility including adrop forming structure.

261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclasses 108+ for a wetted baffletype gas and liquid contact apparatusnot specialized to combustion.

331 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a container confin-ing a layer or pool of liquid fuel and havingmeans extending above the fuel surface to con-fine flames and products of combustion, saidconfined flame and products of combustionacting to heat the upper surface of the liquidfuel to produce fuel vapor for combustionwithin the container.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 59.5

for an orchard heater which mayinclude a pot type burner.

332 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.Apparatus including means whereby a fluidother than air or fuel is held within, or dis-charged into the region of combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:219, for a burner in which a heated line

section feeds steam into a fuel basinor priming cup supplying heat to theheated line.

333 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.Apparatus including means for continuouslyreplenishing the fuel as it is burned in the con-tainer.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:64, for a level responsive means main-

taining a fuel level in a pot typeburner.

195+, for a fuel distributor underlying acombustion annulus having air feed-ing perforations.

213+, for a burner having combustionimmediately above a liquid fuel sur-face to heat an air feed line discharg-ing against the surface.

218+, for a burner including a fuel basin (pottype burner) heating a burner feedline.

260+, for an open liquid fuel holder with anelectrical heater or igniter adjacent thefuel.

334 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.Apparatus including distinct means by whichthe burner pot is moved as a whole in a verticaldirection relative to its support.

335 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.Apparatus including a conduit extending verti-cally through the bottom of the fuel pot andfeeding air into the pot.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:195+, for a fuel distributor underlying a per-

forated combustion annulus.

336 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.Apparatus including structure at the pot outletforming a partial cover in the shape of a ringthat forms a restricted, centrally located,upwardly facing passage for the escape of thecombustion material from the pot.

337 This subclass is indented under subclass 336.Apparatus in which the structure making up thepartial cover includes passages therein adjacentthe centrally located pot discharge feeding airinwardly.

338 This subclass is indented under subclass 333.Apparatus having a flow director within the potforming a tortuous passage or separated com-bustion regions therein.

339 This subclass is indented under subclass 338.Apparatus including a vertically extending baf-fle forming a horizontally restricted burningzone or chamber within the pot and exposed tofuel on the pot bottom.

340 This subclass is indented under subclass 338.Apparatus in which the structure within the potextends across the pot and divides it into anupper and a lower chamber communicatingthrough a central opening in the structure.


1November 2010

341 This subclass is indented under subclass 331.Apparatus with a duct forming a combustionchamber mounted on and receiving gas orvapor rising from the pot, the duct havingstructure by which air is supplied to and mixedwith the rising gas or vapor for combustionwithin the duct.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:333+, for a controller, director or mixing

means for the discharge from a con-tinuously fed pot burner.

342 This subclass is indented under subclass 341.Apparatus having distinct means within the potby which the flow of liquid fuel, air or combus-tion products is guided relative to the pot.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:338+, for baffling means within a pot burner

of the continuously fed type.

343 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including means supporting aflame holder and its unitarily associated ele-ments (e.g., fuel tank etc.) relative to externalstructure, the means including a distinct leg,bracket, strap, hook or clip.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:296, for a candle or taper holder with a

hook, clamp or spike type support.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:126, Stoves and Furnaces, appropriate sub-

class where the support for the flameholder has combined with it additionalstructure forming a stove, furnace orheater; particularly subclass 271.2 fora surface heater comprising a flameholder and means supporting it to heata surface.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 273+ for a sprin-kling, spraying or diffusing structurenot specialized to combustion withsupport means.

248, Supports, appropriate subclass for asupport, per se, or for a device sup-porting a nominally recited device

light (e.g., light burner, etc.) in whichno significant structure of the deviceis claimed.

362, Illumination, subclasses 382+ for asupport for light.

344 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a vessel holding adepletable supply of fuel and a flame holdermounted on the vessel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:91, for a “flame thrower” which may be

attached to a fuel tank.102, 103+, for incandescent mantle burners

most of which include a fuel tank incombination.

129+, and 144+, for a pocket type cigarettelighter comprising a flame holder anda fuel tank.

142+, for a burner or igniter removablysecured to a fuel tank by an encirclingframe or casing.

203+, for a heated tank and flame holderassembly.

231, for a burner-fuel tank assembly inwhich the burner feed line is heatedby an auxiliary burner supplied fromthe upper space of the tank.

241, for a fuel tank-flame holder assemblyin which a wick in a heated line feedsfuel from the tank to the flame holder.

277, for a projected spark igniter mountedon a fuel tank adjacent a burner head.

298+, for a wick type flame holder whichincludes a fuel tank in combination.

331+, for a pot type burner assembly inwhich the combustion takes place atthe liquid surface in a fuel tank.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:62, Refrigeration, subclasses 45.1+ for a

storage container-dispenser combina-tion specialized to the handling of aliquefied gas (e.g., butane).

126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses271.1+ for a heater adapted to bemoved over a surface which is to beheated; and subclasses 401+ for aburner tool having a fuel reservoir.

222, Dispensing, subclass 3 for a dis-penser and a container for holding agas to be dispensed; and appropriate


November 2010

subclass for a residual holder and dis-penser of other fluids.

239, Fluid, Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 146+ for a sprin-kler or sprayer not specialized to com-bustion with mobile tank-type supplymeans; and subclasses 302+ for asprinkler or sprayer not specialized tocombustion with a supply holder forthe material.

345 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a flame holder pro-vided with a handle for manual movement ofthe flame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:91, for a flame thrower which may have a

handle.127+, for a common support for an igniter

element and a removably used handmanipulable torch.

289+, for a porous or capillary flame hold-ing structure attached to a handler.

343, for an external bracket, leg or clip fora burner assembly.


classes 336+ for a pyrotechnical sig-nalling or illuminating torch.

126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 401+for a hand manipulatable tool includ-ing a burner and work engager.

222, Dispensing, subclasses 465.1+ for adispenser having a container handle orhandgrip.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclasses 375+ for a fluiddisperser including a handle or hand-grip and subclasses 525+ for a flowline or nozzle attached to, or carriedby a handgrip or handle.

346 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including means preventing orlimiting the spread of flame from the combus-tion area into the fuel feed passage of a burner.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:19, for the control of a burner responsive

to combustion pressure;

22, for the control of a burner responsiveto a leakage, flashback or escapedflame sensor;

29+, for a timer or programmer controlledscavenging means; and

328+, for a burner having a porous, capil-lary, permeable, or sievelike memberthrough which the fuel is delivered tothe combustion zone.


class 192 for a means for preventingor localizing and confining, explo-sions in a gas line or distributing sys-tem.

60, Power Plants, subclass 39.11 for acombustion products type power plantwith a screen to prevent flash-back.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 432 for a sprinklingor spraying device of general utilityincluding a device mixing separatelysupplied fluid streams upstream of adischarger and having a dispersingplate or obstruction in the mixingchamber, subclasses 553+ for a uni-tary plural outlet nozzle with an inte-rior guide, filter or apertured member;and subclasses 590+ for a rigid termi-nal member having an interior guide,distributor filter or screen.

362, Illumination, subclasses 164+ for alantern provided with fine screens atthe openings in the lantern to preventthe flame from igniting combustiblegases which may surround the lantern.

347 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus in which a structure within theflame region is particularly adapted (1) toreflect the radiant energy of the flame or (2) byits mass conductivity and composition to dis-charge radiant energy by glowing when heated.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:100+, for an incandescent mantle.170, for a furnace in which fuel is dis-

persed into a checkwork or permeablemass which may become incandes-cent from the heat of the burning fuel.

328+, for a porous, capillary, permeable, orsievelike flame holding structure


1November 2010

within which or on the surface ofwhich combustion takes place. Themass and conductivity of such struc-ture is usually such that it incan-desces.


a broiling attachment for a stove; sub-class 41, for a gas stove with broilerattachment, and subclass 92, for aheating stove having members heatedto incandescence by a gas burner.

348 This subclass is indented under subclass 347.Apparatus , including a concave radiating sur-face which is swept by flames from fuel dis-charged across it.

349 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus in which a flame holder hasmeans simultaneously discharging fuel in ahigh velocity stream and in a supplementallower velocity stream, the lower velocitystream acting as pilot to reignite the high veloc-ity stream upon accidental flame out.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:278+, for structurally related flame holding

sections, one separately supplied orcontrolled; and

286, for a burner having means transmit-ting flame between separate flameholding sections.


fusing, subclasses 548+, for a sprin-kling, spraying or diffusing device ofgeneral utility having unitary pluraloutlet means in the device; and sub-class 601, for a particular orificeshape for such a device.

350 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including a fuel dischargedevice specialized to combustion by (1) anenclosing means forming a combustion cham-ber having an unmodified discharge; (2) struc-ture protecting the discharge means or itssurroundings from localized heat produced bythe combustion of the discharged fuel and notof general utility for protection in the discharge

of any hot fluid; or (3) means for maintaining asteady flame.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:23, for timer, programmer or condition

responsive control of means protect-ing or shielding a burner assemblyelement from burner heat.

248, for a heat absorbing line section witha distinct baffle directing flame rela-tive to the section.

249+, for a flame holder including a flameenclosure providing for access to theflame zone.

270, for an enclosed flame holder withmeans for holding and firing a cap,match or pellet type igniting chargewithin the enclosure.

310+, for a wick type burner with an airguide, distributor, or shield.

338+, and 342, for baffling means within theconfines of a pot type burner.

346, for a burner with flashback control-ling or preventing structure.

347+, for an incandescing or reflecting com-ponent in the flame area.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 377+, for

a fluid handling system of generalapplication having a guard or shield.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 103, for a nozzle notspecialized to combustion carrying anapertured shield and collector, sub-classes 104+, for a sprinkler sprayeror diffuser not specialized to combus-tion having a soil preventing guard orshield, subclasses 132+, for a sprin-kler, sprayer, or diffuser of generalapplication having a heat exchanger inthe terminal element, e.g., injectionnozzle cooling, subclasses 288+, for asprinkler, sprayer, or diffuser not spe-cialized to combustion having a solidmeans as a guard or protector and sub-classes 461+, for a sprinkler, sprayer,or diffuser not specialized to combus-tion with flow deflecting or rotationcontrolling means.


November 2010

351 This subclass is indented under subclass 350.Apparatus including means for supplying airdirectly to burning gases at spaced points alongthe region of combustion in the direction offlow of the flame as it passes along or througha shield, tunnel, or chamber means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:10, for processes of adding an oxidizer to

a region of incomplete combustion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:432, Heating, subclasses 222+, for air

heater that operates by mixing air withcombustion gases.

352 This subclass is indented under subclass 351.Apparatus in which the means for feeding aircomprises perforations through the shield, tun-nel or chamber and spaced along the line offlow of the burning gases.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:195+, for a fuel distributor underlying a

combustion annulus having air feed-ing perforations.

333+, for a pot type burner which mayinclude perforations in its side wallfor feeding air to the interior of thepot; and 341+, for a pot type burnerincluding an exhaust flue having airfeed passages.

353 This subclass is indented under subclass 350.Apparatus , including a barrier means encir-cling and extending along a flame area andforming a distinct chamber or vessel withinwhich combustion takes place, the chamber orvessel having an unmodified discharge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:151, for a flame holder having a wind-

shield within a covered zone.157+, for a combustion confining means

maintaining a critically defined com-bustion pressure, and see the searchnotes under subclasses 157 and 158.

242, for a burner casing enclosing a heatedfeed line section and flame holder.

243, for a flame enclosing tube or sleevethat comprises or conducts heat to aburner feed line.

263, for a burner having an electricaligniter in an offset ignition chamber.

265, for a gun type burner with a sparkelectrode adjacent a fuel dischargerand in an air blast.

285, for separately supplied or controlledflame holders having a common flamechamber or shield means.


a gas-fueled radiator-type heatingstove or subclasses 360.1 and 360.2for a submerged fluid fuel burnerother than a top-accessible liquidheating vessel.

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, subclass 499 for a spray noz-zle of general utility having a flowdeflecting or rotation controllingmeans in the form of a chamber.

354 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus including chamber formingmeans which has a shaped or internal meansspecialized to the mixing of fuel and an oxidiz-ing medium, the chamber means forming a unitwith an immediately adjacent flame holder.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:217, for a burner assembly in which heated

diverse fluids are mixed upstream ofthe combustion zone.

239, for a burner assembly in which aheated feed aspirates unheated fuel.

245+, for a burner assembly in which heatedfuel is mixed with unheated air andfed to a flame holder.


classes 180+, for a device mixing,heating or illuminating gas where aburner is not immediately associatedwith the mixing device.

137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 602+, fora fluid mixing means in a residualfluid handling system of general util-ity.


1November 2010

239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Dif-fusing, appropriate subclass for adevice for mixing plural fluids whichare later discharged from a terminalmember modifying the flow of themixed fluids as they are discharged.

261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate subclass for gas and liquidcontact apparatus not involving com-bustion.

417, Pumps, subclasses 151+, for a jetpump in which an aspirating fluidentrains and mixes with another fluid.

355 This subclass is indented under subclass 354.Apparatus comprising a vertical tube of con-stant cross section with a fuel gas feed meansand an opening for air admission at its lowerend, the fuel being fed upwardly and verticallyinto the tube, mixing with the air, and discharg-ing from the upper end to burn thereabove.

356 This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus not provided for elsewhere.

357 ILLUMINATING FLASH DEVICE, E.G.,PHOTOGRAPHIC BULB, ETC.:This subclass is indented under the class defini-tion. Apparatus having a substance which isquickly burnable to produce a burst of light forthe purpose of signalling or illuminating anarea.


classes 335+ for an explosive or pyro-technic device in the form of a car-tridge or receptacle containingpowder that is ignited manually orwith a fuse; and subclasses 200+ formeans initiating the combustion ordetonation of explosive or thermiccompositions or charges.

149, Explosive and Thermic Compositionsor Charges, for explosive and thermiccompositions or charges.

361, Electricity: Electrical Systems andDevices, subclasses 264+ for electri-cal systems, per se, for igniting incan-descent means.

362, Illumination, subclasses 3+ for asource of visible radiant energy andmeans to modify the distribution of

said energy and designed for use witha camera.

396, Photography, main class definition,for a listing of classifications forobject illumination devices and sub-classes 155+ for camera structurecombined with illumination means.

358 Fuel charge within sealed transparent cas-ing, e.g., bulb:This subclass is indented under subclass 357.Apparatus in which the substance to be burnedis sealed within a transparent envelope, saidenvelope further containing the necessaryatmosphere or other substance to support theburning process.

(1) Note. This subclass includes a combusti-ble flashbulb with a nominally claimedlight modifier or reflector and see thesearch note below to Class 362, Illumi-nation, for a classification for the combi-nation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:53, Package Making, subclasses 79+ and

403+ for methods of, and apparatusfor, evacuating or gas filling a recep-tacle and closing the evacuated filledreceptacle.

219, Electric Heating, subclass 267 for ahousing, casing, or support for a resis-tive igniter element.

220, Receptacles, subclasses 2.1+ for anenvelope for an electric lamp.

313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclass for residual elec-tric lamp or discharge structure.

362, Illumination, subclasses 3+ for a lightsource combined with a meansadapted to perfect or modify the illu-mination, such as a reflector.

445, Electric Lamp or Space DischargeComponent or Device Manufacturing, appropriate subclass for methods andapparatus for manufacturing electriclamp and electric space dischargedevices.

359 Plurality of bulbs associated for sequentialignition:This subclass is indented under subclass 358.Apparatus having means interconnecting a plu-rality of bulbs so that (a) upon percussive actu-


November 2010

ation of a single means, a successive one ofsaid bulbs will be ignited, or (b) upon a singleactuation of a means, a plurality of bulbs willignite in a successive order with a predeter-mined time delay automatically interposedbetween successive ignitions, or (c) upon igni-tion of one of the bulbs of the sequence ofbulbs, by activating an electrical means, aswitch means or other electrical circuitry isconditioned so that when the electrical meansis again activated, another bulb in the sequencewill be ignited, or (d) a structural means pro-vided to support a plurality of bulbs as a unit inwhich each bulb is provided with its own per-cussive ignition means.

(1) Note. Included in this subclass are thosemultibulb units having a switch meanswhich is conditioned upon the ignition ofone bulb to permit ignition of anotherbulb by electrical means, or a unit of per-cussively actuated bulbs having meanswhereby each bulb is struck separately.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:358+, for devices wherein a plurality of

bulbs are arranged to be fired substan-tially simultaneously.

360 Coated casing:This subclass is indented under subclass 358.Apparatus having a layer of material, differentfrom that of the envelope, on a surface of thetransparent envelope.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic,

appropriate subclass for a coatingcomposition.

313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, subclasses 110+ for an electric lampor discharge device with an opticaldevice or a special ray transmissionenvelope.

361 Percussive ignition means ignites charge:This subclass is indented under subclass 358.Apparatus having a means which is ignitedupon being struck a physical blow by a meansprovided therefore, said ignited means in turnignites the quickly burnable substance to pro-duce the burst of light.

(1) Note. Mechanisms, per se, for strikingpercussively ignited bulbs are collectedhere where that is the sole disclosed usefor the mechanism.

362 Electrically ignited primer ignites charge:This subclass is indented under subclass 358.Apparatus having a small quantity of a sub-stance which (a) is ignited as a result of itsproximity to a resistance wire which is heatedwhen an electrical current is passed there-through or (b) is ignited as a result of its ownelectrical resistance when an electrical currentis passed therethrough, whereby when saidsmall quantity of substance is ignited, it will inturn cause the quickly burnable substance toignite and produce the desired burst of light.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUB-CLASS:358, for bulbs provided with a mere fila-

ment or wire which is heated when anelectrical current is passed there-through and which in turn ignites thequickly burnable substance.

363 Having fuel charge feeding means:This subclass is indented under subclass 357.Apparatus having means to transfer the burn-able substance from a remote area to an areawhere it is to be burned to produce the desiredburst of light.

364 Having protective shield:This subclass is indented under subclass 357.Apparatus having a barrier means located adja-cent to the area where the light producing sub-stance is ignited for the purpose of protectingthe user from undesirable effects from the igni-tion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:362, Illumination, subclasses 3+ for a light

source combined with a means forreflecting or directing the light raysemanating from said source.

365 Electrical means ignites charge:This subclass is indented under subclass 357.Apparatus including an electrical spark pro-ducer or resistance heater which is arranged toignite the burnable substance.


1November 2010

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and

Devices, subclasses 264+ for electri-cal circuitry, per se, for igniting incan-descent means.

END

november 2010 classification definitions 431 - 1 class … · november 2010 classification...

Documents