not one more! stopping the suicide epidemic
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Not One More! Stopping the Suicide Epidemic. Suicide is…. The Enemy Within. Play video clip “The Enemy Within” Available from the California Highway Patrol. Definition of Suicide. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Not One More!Stopping the Suicide Epidemic
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Suicide is…..
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The Enemy Within
Play video clip “The Enemy Within”Available from the California Highway Patrol
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Definition of Suicide
“Suicide is a conscious act of self-induced annihilation, best understood …as a
needful individual who defines an issue for which the suicide is perceived as the
best solution.”
Dr. Ed Shneidman, Suicide as Psychache, 1993
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Suicide Survivors
Family members and others who survive following the death of their loved one by
suicide:
•Spouse•Significant Others•Parents•Children•Extended family
•Grandparents•Lovers•Friends•Co-Workers•Classmates
6:1
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Nationwide Statistics2004 data
One suicide every 16 minutes11th ranking cause of death in the US811,000 suicide attempts every year5 million living Americans have attempted suicideFirearms used in 52% of suicides
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Suicide in Specific Populations
10.7
18
13
18.5
0
5
10
15
20
Suicides per 100,000
General Population White Males 21-55
Military Law Enforcement
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Law Enforcement Suicide Compared
LE Suicide Rate LE LODD Rate LE Homicide Rate
18.5
9.1
4.5
0
5
10
15
20
Suicides per 100,000
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Law Enforcement and Retirement
Retired Comparison Group Retired LE
Retired LE - Medical Disability
33.5
335
2616
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Suicides per 100,000
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Write a Name Exercise
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“It takes only the smallest of changes to shatter an epidemic’s equilibrium.”
Malcolm Gladwell in the “Tipping Point”
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The Tipping Point:Agents of Change
The Law of the Few
The Stickiness Factor
The Power of Context
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The Law of the Few
Connectors
Mavens
Persuaders
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The Stickiness Factor
Advice that is practical and personal also becomes memorable…
Courage is taking the first stepLet us help each other liveJust do something!
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The Power of Context
Epidemics strongly influenced by their situation
Circumstances and conditions
Particulars of environments
Kitty GenoveseGraffiti
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One Voice
AwarenessCommunication
Courage
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“Suicide is completed in inches not in leaps”
Ideation
Gesture
Attempt
Completion
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Exercise
Write down the 3most important things in your life.
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Myths?
•Happens without warning•Low risk after mood improvement•Once suicidal, always suicidal
Don’t mention suicide
•Only experts can prevent it•Runs in the family•No note = no suicide
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• Suicide is not preventable
• Only certain “types” of people become suicidal
• Don’t talk about suicide or they will “do it.”
• Antidepressants cause people to be suicidal
More Myths..
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Phil’s Letter to Mom
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Life’s Most Valuable
My mind
My family
My work________
________
________
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Loss or change in an important relationship
To avoid or end perceived pain
Escape intolerable situation
Gain attention
Manipulate
Punish others/Punish self
Become a martyr
Loss change important
perceivedintolerable
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Social Support SystemWarning signs
Separation from family or friends- Geographic, legal, temporary
Loss of significant others A loner or newcomer
Rejected by peersFeels like people don’t care
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Why Police Officers Commit Suicide
Loss due to death or divorceMarital problems or a bad relationshipTerminal illnessGuilt over partner’s deathLegal ProblemsFeeling alone
Sexual Accusations
Disability/Retirement
Internal Affairs Investigation
Financial Problems
Arrest
Loss of Employment
PTSD
.
LO
SS
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Loss of Rational Thinking
Lack of sleepStress or anxiety
Substance Abuse
Immaturity
Psychosis:Command hallucinations
Alien control
Religious preoccupation
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Symptoms of Depression
Change in sleep
Change in appetite
Loss of energy, motivation
Loss of interest in pleasurable activity
Apathy
Deterioration of personal appearance
Deterioration of job performance
Frequent physical complaints
Preoccupation with death
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PTSD
Intense arousal after a traumatic event
Overwhelms coping mechanisms
Leaves the responder feeling helpless and out of control
Posttraumatic stress is not prejudiced
PTSD invades the mind with almost constant thoughts about the event
It is from PTSD that the unseen wounds of an officer begin to manifest. Since we do not see these battle scars, we sometimestry to pretend they do not exist. Trying to pretend doesn’t make the pain go away.
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It’s Everybody’s Business
The student will be able to list the signs & signals of a person who
is at risk of suicide.Do Something!
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Risk is 2-3x higher among alcoholics 15-25% of suicides are completed by
alcoholics50% of those who completed suicide
were intoxicated Among suicides of alcoholics, 89% were
actively drinking at time of death
Suicide and Alcohol
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Indirect Verbal Clues
•I can’t go on any longer•Nobody needs me anymore•I’m tired of life•You won’t be seeing me any more•I can’t take it any more•You’d be better off without me•I can’t take the pain
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Indirect Suicide IndicatorsClues.... Clues.... Clues....
Buying a weaponGiving away possessionsChanges in social behaviorReckless officer safety/behaviorChanges in personality
•The “practice run”•Sudden religious interest/ disinterest•Substance abuse relapse•More confrontational with subject
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Direct Verbal Clues
• I wish I were dead
• You’d be better off without me
• I might as well be dead
• If ___doesn’t happen, I’m going to
end it
• I’m going to commit suicide
• I’m going to kill myself
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How Bad Is It?
How:Is the plan specific?Do they have the means?Are the means lethal?
History:Prior attempts?Any family history?
Help:Are they alone?Are they drinking?
Lethality lets you know how much help you need and
how fast you need it
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Intervention is Action
A SilentCode 3 Request for Help
Respond!Do Something!
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Barricades to Seeking Help
Denial
Avoidance
Anger
Fear:Will impact job
Command will be contactedHospitalizationBeing labeled
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Do’s of Intervention
Remain calmAccept their feelingsFocus on central issue
Stay close
Emphasize temporary nature of problem
Explore resources
** Listen ** Listen ** Listen **Hear what is being said
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Don’t sound shocked
Don’t offer empty promises
Don’t try to joke them out of it
Don’t debate morality
Don’t assume things will improve
Don’t leave person alone
Don’t keep it a secret
Don’ts of Intervention
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A Good Listener:
Copes with strong emotion
Is prepared to listen – time
Provides for comfort
Tolerates repetition
Listens carefully
Respect others perspective
Avoids interrupting
WAIT THINK RESPOND
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The Question
Have you been thinking of
killing yourself?
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Important Questions
How would you kill yourself?When did you last think about suicide?What is the closest you’ve come?Have you ever attempted suicide?Has anyone in your family attempted/completed
suicide?What are the odds that you will kill yourself?What has been keeping you alive so far?What do you think the future holds in store for
you?
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Referrals
•Employee Assistance Program (EAP)•Health Care Plan
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Adverse Job Action
Relationship Difficulties
Depression/Trauma
Alcohol Abuse
Suicidal Thoughts
Boxed In!Do Something!
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Do Something!
Continue C.P.R.:
Caring
Preserving Life
Referrals and Resources
Do Something!
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Suicide Postvention
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Survivor ReactionsHigh risk groups
Parents
Spouses/Significant Others
“Stigma spillover”Children/Siblings
Friends/Coworkers
Those who find the body
Those who witness the suicide
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Survivor Reactions“Survivor Syndrome”
Shock
Numbness
Denial of death as a Suicide
Religious concerns
Prolonged search for “Why??”
Fear of personal susceptibility
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Survivor ReactionsEmotional
Shame
Anger
Responsibility
Blaming
Scapegoating
AbandonmentGuilt !
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Survivor Reactions
LonelinessSocial Isolation*
Social stigmaDiminished social supports
Difficulty trusting othersNegative family relations
Over protectiveness
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Play video clip “Suicide Interviews Take 2” stored on Disk #2
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Suicide Is…
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The Cost of Suicide
Cut off from supportAchievements minimizedPrivate shame and guiltNo honors or recognitionSupport network collapsesDecreased benefits
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“Hindering” Survivors
Denying the death as a suicide
Ignoring or not taking the problem seriously
Pressuring them to “get over it”
Self-medicating/Taking them drinking
Offering negative religious judgments
Being judgmental
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Helping Survivors
Let them talk
I’m sorry for your loss…
How can I help?
Is there anyone I can call for you?
Since the suicide, what are the biggest challenges for you?
Use the loved one’s name.
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Additional Help:
Help the group care about the person,
and accept the choice he or she made
Refer individuals who are struggling
excessively with anger, loss, or guilt
Don’t remain the only one helping
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“Attitudes outweigh facts. Attitudes must change so that statistics can change.”
KARL MENNINGER
Do Something!
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Let us all havethe courage
to take a stand
Not One More…
Not One More…