not for sale mazingira bora - international small group ... · 9/9/2014 · published b y...

Published by TIST-Kenya. Web: www.tist.org Email: [email protected] Tel: 0722 - 846 501

September 2014 Newsletter

Mazingira BoraAn Environmental, Sustainable

Development and Community ForestryProgram.

Not for sale

w w w . t i s t . o r g

English Version

Burimaria TIST Cluster during their monthly meeting. We received tree payments last month.Our goal is to plant more trees in the coming rainy season.

TIST: Intercropping. Page 2

Ntharagwene Cluster: A New Child Cluster in Ntugi TIST Region. Page 4

Kamweyendei Cluster: Our Coming Together During Monthly Cluster MeetingsHelps Us Learn and Share New Ideas. Page 4

TIST: Avocados can give you good income. Page 5

Inside:

2ENGLISH VERSION

Multi-cropping is where two or more cropsare grown together during a single season.With the right combinations this can help

increase biodiversity on the land, increase soilfertility and reduce risk of pests and diseases.

Intercropping describes the practice wheredifferent crops are grown at the same time in thesame field. It can also include growing crops withtrees such as alley cropping.

Some TIST groups have tried the followingtechnique, which is especially good for slopes1. For the first row dig a trench 18cm deep and

18cm wide2. Fill this trench with compost manure3. Plant cassava and potato alternatively4. For the next row plant a one-meter strip of

maize using conservation farming holes5. Another row of cassava and potato6. Another row of maize, etc.

This technique uses much of what we have learnedin the training: it involves using intercropping, it usescompost manure and also conservation farming.

• Try alternating rows of maize with rows oftrees. Small groups have tried alternating a 3mstrip of maize with a row of moringa / yellowcassia / leucaenia / bead tree trees.

• Rows of sorghum can be planted betweenrows of moringa or leucaenia.

• Try combinations of calliandra and bananas,calliandra and beans, calliandra and maize,maize and beans, beans and leucaenia, beansand bananas, beans and coffee (while young).

• Try intercropping cowpea with maize /sorghum or millet.

Experiment with the spacing to see what worksbest, and let TIST know the results.

Crop rotation ideasCrop rotation is where farmers cycle through

planting different crops over time on the same land.There is a particular order of crops followed, wherethe next crop chosen is from a different family thanthe previous one. Crop rotation can be beneficialfor soil fertility as different crops have differentdepths of root systems, meaning the same layer ofsoil nutrients is not depleted year after year. Thismethod also helps to break up the soil at differentlevels, which improves soil structure, and can attractdifferent types of beneficial soil organisms.

To get the benefits of crop rotation a differenttype of crop must be planted in turn. This is becausecrops of the same type may attract similar pestsand diseases, and rotating the types can reduce therisk of certain pests and diseases taking hold in thesoil.

The following list categorizes crops accordingto groups. Crops from the same group should notbe planted one after the other. Be sure to mix thegroups in your rotation plan!Group 1: Cucumber, gourds, pumpkin, squashes,

watermelon (Gourd family)Group 2: Broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage,

cauliflower, collards, kale, radish, turnip,mustard, watercress (Crucifer/Brassicafamily)

Group 3: Eggplant, pepper, tomato, potato(Solanaceous family)

Group 4: Lettuce, artichoke (Aster family)Group 5: Maize, rice, sorghum, wheat, oat, barley,

millet (Grains and cereals family)Group 6: Beans and peas (Legume family)Group 7: Garlic, leek, onions, chives (Allium

family)Group 8: Carrot, celery, dill, parsnip, parsley

(Carrot family)Group 9: Cassava, sweet potato, taro, yam, water

chestnut (root crop family)Group 10: Cotton, okra (Mallow family)

If the above system is overly complicated, manyfarmers simplify crops to five groups to rotatebetween (information taken from Infonet-Biovisionwebsite):a) Leaf crops (broccoli, cabbages, cauliflowers,

kales, spinach, etc.). They need more nutrientsthan other vegetables.

TIST: Intercropping.

3ENGLISH VERSION

b) Fruit crops (chilies, eggplants, peppers,tomatoes, etc.). They need a considerableamount of nutrients but not as many as ‘leaf’crops.

c) Root crops (carrots, beetroots, potatoes,onions, radishes, turnips, etc). They need fewernutrients compared with leaf and fruit crops.

d) Legumes (beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, grams,peas, pigeon peas, etc.). Their additional benefitis fixing atmospheric nitrogen into the soil.

e) Cereals (maize, millets, sorghum etc.)

Ideas to consider:Try planting maize and groundnuts together

in year 1 and in year 2-plant sorghum. Try plantinggroundnuts in year 1 and then a mixture of legumes,sunflower and/or potatoesin year 2.

Another idea is to try planting maize followedby a legume such as soybeans or groundnuts. Thenin the following season try a cash crop such ascotton.

Try leaving the land fallow for a whole year,then plant crops again for 3-5 years before leavingit to fallows again. This will give the land a chanceto replenish its soil nutrients. Consider Napiergrass for fodder if you have livestock.

In general, plant legumes before cereals.Planting crops from the Brassica family (e.g. cabbage)before and after crops from the Solanaceous family(e.g. tomatoes) can help prevent build-up of root-knot nematodes and bacterial wilt.

The following is a crop rotation idea takenfrom Infonet-Biovision. This takes an example of afarm with four plots covering four seasons witheach season approximately 4 months.

First season:Plot 1: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeksPlot 2: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomatoPlot 3: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kalePlot 4: Beans / cowpeas / grams / or peas

Second season:Plot 1: Beans / cowpeas / grams or peasPlot 2: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kalePlot 3: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomatoPlot 4: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeks

Third season:Plot 1: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kalePlot 2: Beans / cowpeas / grams / or peasPlot 3: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeksPlot 4: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomato

Fourth season:Plot 1: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomatoPlot 2: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeksPlot 3: Beans / cowpeas / grams / or peasPlot 4: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kale

Maize Tomato Beans Cabbage

Cabbage Beans Tomato Maize

Tomato MaizeCabbage Beans

Beans Cabbage Maize Tomato

Alley cropping

Alley cropping

4ENGLISH VERSION

We, members of NtharagweneCluster are happy to share ourprogress since we multiplied

from Kiirua Cluster early this year. So far,we have established a tree nursery withover 10,000 seedlings. This will add to ourpresent 27,288 live trees.

To date, we have 31 TIST Small Groupsand we are planning to recruit more thisyear. We hold our monthly meeting at St.Patrick AIPCEA Church grounds every lastTuesday of the month. Please join us to worktogether to better our lives and ourenvironment.

The idea of meeting every month has beenbeneficial to us. We share and exchange newideas. This helps us improve our skills in

many ways. Our lives become easier as we discussvarious challenges in our lives and find solutionsto tackle them.

During our July 2014 Cluster meeting, welearned through some of our members on how toadd value to our local foods. This involved addingvalue to cassavas to make very delicious andnutritious chapattis.

Here are the steps and ingredients ofpreparing various cassava dishes:

Ingredients:ü Cassava flour ü Wheat flourü Baking powder ü Cooking oilü Ndengu ü Raw cassavaü Salt ü Waterü Boiling pot ü Sufuriaü Frying pan ü Match box

How to prepare Cassava Chapattis:1) Take 2 glasses of cassava flour + 3 glasses of

wheat flour2) Mix well in a bowl

Member of Ntharagwene Cluster at their tree nursery site

last month.

3) Take water and mix with salt to taste4) Add water to the flour until it is mixed well5) When ready to cook your chapatti as we

normally do6) Prepare the fire and put the pan in the fire

prepare your chapatti7) When ready put cooked food in a dish

How to prepare Cassava Mandazis:1) Measure 2 glasses of cassava flour + 3 glasses

of wheat flour2) Next, add 2 spoonful’s of banking powder3) Mix well in a bowl4) Take water and salt and mix in another bowl5) Add water until it is mixed6) Prepare your fire and put sufuria in the fire,

after that add fat.7) When it is ready to deep fry8) Prepare mandazi sizes and cook like normal

mandazi9) When ready, put your mandazi in a dish ready

to be served

How to prepare Ndengu Chapattis:1) Select ndengu and put in a boiling pot ready

to boil

Ntharagwene Cluster: A New Child Cluster inNtugi TIST Region.

Kamweyendei Cluster: Our Coming TogetherDuring Monthly Cluster Meetings Helps Us Learn

and Share New Ideas.

5ENGLISH VERSION

Preparing Cassava Chapattis.

2) Boil until it is well cooked3) Smash your ndengu to give the soup a green

color4) Filter ndengu to have the soup separate5) Add salt to the soup6) Add 3 glasses of wheat flour.7) Mix well8) Put the pan in the fire and fry your chapatti9) Cook normally as done for normal chapatti10) When ready, put it in dish ready to be served

How to prepare Cassava Chips:1) Take raw cassava2) Peel the outer cover of cassava and remove

the center part3) Cut into chip shapes and wash well4) Drain the water

As extracted from The Organic Farmer (http://www.theorganicfarmer.org/profile/2) and JürgenGriesbach, 2005: Avocado growing in Kenya. ICRAF(World Agroforestry Centre), Nairobi, Kenya.

Avocado is an important commercial fruit inKenya both for local and export markets. There are three main types of avocado trees, whichare suitable for different altitudes. Check whichavocado varieties do best under your specific localconditions. Using seeds or grafted trees fromhealthy and vigorous local trees and from localnurseries is recommended, such trees will be morelikely to do well at your site.

Seedling production.Seeds are collected from healthy mother trees andhealthy, mature fruits. The extracted and cleanedseeds can be dipped into a fungicide solution andare then planted into seedbeds or into perforatedpolythene bags. Shade is important for germination.When seedbed seedlings are 20 cm high and have2 pairs of well-developed leaves, they are uprooted,culled and transplanted into containers.Grafting can be done after about six months.Grafted trees remain smaller and start floweringearlier (at 3 to 4 years after planting into the field)than ungrafted seedlings. The small trees will beready to be transplanted into the field about threeto four months after they have been grafted.

Tree planting and establishment. Soils should be deep, fertile and well aerated.Avocados do not like poorly drained, heavy soilsand flooding or high water tables, and they will alsonot tolerate salty or very acidic conditions. Themost favorable planting time is at the beginning ofthe rainy season. Spacing between trees liesbetween 6 and 10 m, depending on soil fertility,climate, and variety. Planting holes are usually dugtwo feet wide and two feet deep, making sure tobreak hard pans and to allow good drainage andundisturbed root development. The excavated soilcan be mixed with manure, compost and rockphosphate if available. Plant the seedlings carefullywithout damaging the roots at the same depth as itwas in the container. Build a basin from soil aroundthe tree for better irrigation and water harvesting. After planting, seedlings must be irrigatedimmediately. Use 5 to 20 liters of water dependingon the size of the seedling. Mulching can be verybeneficial as it reduces moisture loss and controlsweed growth. Irrigation will be necessary for sometime. Another important measure is to protect eachseedling against livestock and wild animals.

Irrigation of fruit trees. Irrigation is important during several stages of treedevelopment and the fruiting cycle. During the firstmonths of establishment, but also later during theirfirst years of growth, trees must be checkedfrequently and irrigated when they show symptoms

5) Prepare your fire pan6) Put in the oil and wait until it is hot and ready

to deep fry7) Put your cassava chips in the oil until it is

cooked8) When cooked put in a dish ready to serve

TIST: Avocados can give you good income.

6ENGLISH VERSION

of water requirement. Avocados develop long taproots, but depending on the climate they may needsome additional irrigation, especially duringprolonged dry spells. During flowering, fruit set andfruit development sufficient moisture is critical forgood fruit development.

Fertilization.For good productivity, it is beneficial to supportavocado trees with manure regularly. Between 5and 20 kg of fertilizer can be given per tree andper year. Be careful with nitrogen – it promotesleaf growth but not flowering, and avocado rootsare sensitive to high salt concentrations in the soil.Phosphorous is usually also necessary, andpotassium is important for mature trees that bearfruit.

Pests and diseasesPreventive measures are central so choose anappropriate and fertile site, plant at reasonabledistances, choose healthy varieties, control weeds,use mulch, do not over fertilize, and irrigate whennecessary. Pests are usually not a problem inavocado production in Kenya. Use neem products,pyrethrum preparations, or tephrosia extracts etc.against insect pests such as fruit moths, thrips orscales if the damage is severe.

The following diseases can be serious:Avocado root rot: (a Phytophthora fungusdisease) Trees produce sparsely, and they havefewer leaves, which are pale and wilted. Branchesare sunburnt and die back. Roots decay and thewhole trees die prematurely. Affected trees shouldbe uprooted and destroyed. Hot water treatmentand fungicide treatment of seeds for seedlingproduction are generally recommended as apreventive measure. There are two chemicalsregistered against this disease - Ridomil and Aliette.

Anthracnose: Fruits develop dark brown, dryspots. Young fruits may drop, but in more maturefruits, the infection remains hidden until the fruit isharvested and ripens. Usually, copper- basedfungicides are used against Anthracnose.

Cercospora fruit spot: Small, pale yellowishspots appear on the fruits and leaves. Later, theyturn brown and crack, making it easy for otherorganisms to attack the fruits. This disease is also

controlled with copper-based fungicides.

Fruit drop: Fruit drop is not a disease and iscommon for many fruit species. Trees drop excessfruits that they will not be able to nourish untilmaturity. Avocados drop excess fruits when theyare pea-sized, and a second time when they havereached the size of an egg.

Harvesting avocadosGrafted trees usually start to flourish and bear fruit3 to 4 years after they have been planted in thefield.There are some indicators of approaching maturity:• In dark varieties, there is a change in color

from green to black or purple.• On green varieties, the fruit stems turn yellow,

the skin may appear less shiny, or the enddevelops rust-like spots.

• Some varieties develop a whitish appearance.• Fruits that float on the surface when immersed

into water are usually mature. MarketsHandle all avocados with great care! Exportmarkets, especially the European market, have verystrict quality requirements which smallholders mayfind difficult to meet. Local markets are lesscomplicated but also tricky, because avocados tendto mature all at the same time, making it unprofitablefor farmers to sell them. It is almost impossible forfarmers to store or process avocados. Commercialavocado growers must therefore be linked closelyto a good market.

Common avocado varieties:1. Hass and Fuertes: These two varieties are

used as scions (upper parts of grafted fruits).They are popular because of their high oilcontent.

2. Puebla: Used as rootstock by many farmersas it has no fiber and is resistant to diseases.

3. Singapore: This is a new variety that is fastgrowing and reaches maturity in 14 to 15months. It grows to a height of 2 ft.

4. G5 and G6: These two varieties are popularas they can do well in both highlands andlowlands. They can be grafted with all the othervarieties to improve fruit quality.

Farmers are advised to buy seedlings from certifiedseedling producers.




Not for sale


Kimeru Version

USAID Mission Director, Karen Freeman, Laikipia County Governor, H.E Joshua Irungu,Ben Henneke, Clean Air Action Corporation President during TIST-USAID 5 years of

successful partnership celebrations held on June 2, 2014 at Nanyuki Social Hall.

TIST: Intercropping. Page 2

Ntharagwene Cluster: A New Child Cluster in Ntugi TIST Region. Page 4

Kamweyendei Cluster: Our Coming Together During Monthly Cluster MeetingsHelps Us Learn and Share New Ideas. Page 4

TIST: Avocados can give you good income. Page 5


Burimaria TIST Cluster during their monthly meeting. We received tree payments last month.Our goal is to plant more trees in the coming rainy season.

TIST: Kuanda imera mwanya amwe. Page 2

Cluster ya Ntharagwene: Cluster injeru kuumania na cluster ya TIST ya Ntugi region. Page 4

Cluster ya Kamweyendei: Kwija amwe micemanione ya o mweri ya cluster nigutethagiakuthoma na kugaana mathuganio jameru. Page 4

TIST: Mabukandu nojalete mbeca inyingi. Page 5

Inside:

2KIMERU VERSION

Multi-cropping ni Uandi bwa imera biiri kanabithatu mwanya amwe igitene rimwe.Uungenie bwega bubu nibuongagira

gukaraniria kwa mithemba mwanya ya imera nanyomoo, kwongera unoru bwa muthetu na kunyiyiakanya ga kugwatwa ni tunyomoo na mirimo.

Intercropping nayo niaria imera mwanya igitarimwe na muundene jumwe. No ithirwe kinya irikuanda imera bia irio amwe na miti ja kuanda mitiiri lainine muundene jwa imera bia irio.

Ikundi bimwe bia TIST nibigeretie njira iji,injega mono naria kurina ibari1. Mulainine jwa mbele inja mutaro jurina uraja

bwa 18cm na warie bwa 18cm.2. Ujurie mutaro juju na mboleo ya mati3. Aanda mianga na ikwaci bithingatene.4. Mulainine jou jungi anda mpempe mita imwe

ugitumagira marinya jwa urim bubwega.5. Aanda laini ingi ya mianga na ikwaci6. Aanda laini ingi ya mpempe na wite na mbele

o ou

Mwitire juju nijutumagira jamaingi ja jariatuthomete kuumania na uritani: nijwegiekuandaniria imera mithemba mwanya amwe,njwegie mboleo ya mati na kinya urimi bubwega

• Geria kuthingatania milaini ya mpempe namilaini ya miti. Ikundi bibinini bimwenibigeretie kuanda mpempe mwanka wariebwa mita inya ithingati ni laini ya moringa /yellow cassia / leucaenia / bead tree.

• Milaini ya mwere no iandwe gati gati ka milainiya moringa kana leucaenia.

• Geria kuanda calliandra na marigu, calliandrana mung’au, calliandra na mpempe, mpempena mung’au, mung’au na leucaenia, mung’au namarigu, mung’au na kauwa (kari kanini).

• Geria kuanda ncugu na mpempe / mwere kanamuya.

Geria gutarania mwanya mwanya nikenda umenyani mwanya jwiku juri jumwega nkuruki na wire TISTjaria ukoona.

Mathuganio jegie kuthiurukia imeraKugarurania imera ni aria arimi bathiurukanagiabakiandaga imera mwanya o igita muundene jumwe.Guti uria imera bibati kuthingatana, aria kimera kiriakithingatite nigitaragwa kuumania na nja mwanyana iu iraandi. Kuthiurukania imera kuri baita kiriunoru bwa muthetu niuntu imera mwanya biri miriirina uraja mwanya, kwou irio biria biri amwe ariamiiri igukinyira bititumirwa o mwaka nyuma yamwaka. Njira iji kinya nitethagia kuunanga muthetuguntu mwanya mwanya, untu buria buthongomagiauria muthetu jubangi na buria bumba kinya gukuciatunyomoo twa mithetu mwanya mwanya turinabaita.

Nikenda wona baita cia kuthiurukania imera,kimera mwanya nikibati kuandwa o igita. Bubuniuntu imera bia muthemba jumwe nobikucietunyomoo na mbajua mwanya mwanya nakuthiurukania imera nikunyiagia kwithirikua kwatunyomoo tutu na mbajua muthetune.

Aja nthiguru ni imera biiki kiri ikundi. Imerakuumania na gikundi kimwe biti bati kuandwakimwe nyuma ya kingi. Menyeera ati ukuunganiaikundi bibi riria ukugarurania!

Group 1: Cucumber, tukiri, malenge, squashes,watermelon (nja ya malenge)

Group 2: Broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage,cauliflower, collards, kale, radish, turnip,mustard, watercress (Nja ya mpoka)

Group 3: Eggplant, nchini, nyanya, ikwaci(Nja yaSolanaceous)

Group 4: Lettuce, artichoke (Nja ya Aster)Group 5: Mpempe, muchele, mwere, nkano, oat,

barley, muya (Nja ya mpindi)Group 6: Mung’au na nono (Nja ya ming’au)Group 7: Garlic, leek, matunguru, chives (nja Nja

ya karati)Group 9: Mianga, mukuo, taro, ikwa, water

chestnut (Nja ya miri)Group 10: Cotton, okra (Nja ya Mallow)

Kethira njira iji iri au iguru ni injumu, amembababaingi nibekagira imera kiri ikundi bitano riubakagarurania kuuma o kiri kimwe gwita kingi(umenyo buumenie na website igwitwa Infonet-Biovision):

a) Imera bia mathangu (broccoli, cabbages,cauliflowers, kales, spinach, etc.). Nibiendagairio bibingi nkuruki ya imera bingi

TIST: Kuanda imera mwanya amwe.

3KIMERU VERSION





Alley cropping

Kuanda miti na imere na laini.

b) Imera bia matunda (chilies, eggplants, peppers,tomatoes, etc.). Nibiendaga irio bibingi indi tita imera bia mathangu

c) Imera bia miri (carrots, beetroots, potatoes,onions, radishes, turnips, etc). Nibiendaga iriobibikai nkuruki ya imera bia mathangu na biamatunda.

d) Ming’au (beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, grams,peas, pigeon peas, etc.). Baita ya kwongera nigutonyithia nitrogen muthetune kuumaruugone.

e) Mpindi (maize, millets, sorghum etc.)

Mathuganio ja kugeria:Geria kuanda mpempe na njugu amwe

mwakwa jwa mbele na mwaka jwa iiri uandemwere. Geria kuanda njugu mwaka jwa mbele riumuunganio jwa ming’au, sunflower na/kana ikwacimwaka jwa iiri

Ithuganio ringi ni kuanda mpempe riu ithingatini mung’au jumwe ja soya kana njugu karanga. Riumbura iu ingi geria kimera kia mbeca ta cotton.

Geria gutiga munda jutiandi gitu mwaka junthe,riu uande imera kairi miaka ithatu gwita itano riuujutige jutiandi kairi. Bubu bukaa munda kanya gagucokia iri biria bikwendeka. Thugania kuandathaara kethira urina ndithia.

Kijumla anda ming’au mbele ya kuanda mpindiingi. Kuanda imera kuumania na nja ya Brassica (jampoka) mbele na nyuma ya kuanda kuumania nanja ya Solanaceous (ja Nyanya) nogutethie kuruana kwingia kwa kwimba kwa miiri na kunyarakuumania na bakiteria

Aja ni ithuganio ria kuthiurukia imerakuumania na Infonet-Biovision. Mung’uanano jujuni munda jurina tumiunda tuna, ndene ya mbura inyaaria o mbura ikujukia mieri inna

Mbura ya mbele:Plot 1: Mpempe / saumu/ matunguru/ kana leeksPlot 2: Eggplant /nchini / ikwaci / kana nyanyaPlot 3: Broccoli /mpoka / cauliflower / kana sukumaPlot 4: Mung’au/ ncugu / ndengu / kana nono

Mbura ya ijiri:Plot 1: Mung’au/ ncugu / ndengu / kana nonoPlot 2: Broccoli /mpoka / cauliflower / kana sukumaPlot 3: Eggplant /nchini / ikwaci / kana nyanyaPlot 4: Mpempe / saumu/ matunguru/ kana leeks

Mbura ya ithatu:Plot 1: Broccoli /mpoka / cauliflower / kana sukumaPlot 2: Mung’au/ ncugu / ndengu / kana nonoPlot 3: Mpempe / saumu/ matunguru/ kana leeksPlot 4: Eggplant /nchini / ikwaci / kana nyanya

Mbura ya inya:Plot 1: Eggplant /nchini / ikwaci / kana nyanyaPlot 2: Mpempe / saumu/ matunguru/ kana leeksPlot 3: Mung’au/ ncugu / ndengu / kana nonoPlot 4: Broccoli /mpoka / cauliflower / kana sukuma

4KIMERU VERSION

Amemba ba cluster ya Ntharagwene munandene jwao jwamiti mweri muthiru

Batwi, amemba ba NtharagweneCluster turina kugwirua tukigaanawiti na mbele bwetu kuuma

tuguciara cluster kuunania na cluster yaKiirua mapema mwaka juju. Gukinyiira auturina munanda jwa miti jurina nkuruki yamiti ngiri ikumi. Iji ikoongera iria turinayoiria iri miti ngiri mirongo iiri na mugwanja,magana jairi ja mirongo inana na inana.

Mwankira narua, turina ikundi bibininimirongo ithatu na kimwe bia TIST nanitubangite kuongera bingi mwaka juju.Nitwuthithagia mucemanio jwte jwaomweri kanisene ya St. Patrick AIPCEATuesday ya muthia ya o mweri. Itu, ijauungane natwi twite ngugi amwekuthongomia miturire yetu na nariagututhiurukite.

Ithugano ria gucemania o mweri nirithiritweririna na baita kiri batwi. Nitugaanagamathuganio jameru. Bubu nibututethagia

kuthongomia jaria twiji na njira inyingi. Miturireyetu niuthaga o uria tuarairia thina iria twonagamiturirene yetu na gucua njira cia kuthiria thina iji.

Mucemanione jwetu jwa cluster jwa mwerijwa mugwanja, nitwathomere gukurukira amembabetu bamwe uria tuumba kwoongera wega bwairio biria turijaga. Bubu ni bwari amwe nakuthongomia mianga na njira ya kuruga chapattiirina murio na ciri cia bata mirine yetu.

Aja ni matagaria na into biria biendekagakuthithia irio bibingi bia mianga:

Into biria bikendeka:ü Mutuu jwa mianga ü Mutuu jwa nkanoü Baking powder ü Magutaü Ndengu ü Mianga itirugiü Chumbi ü Ruujiü Cuburia ü Cuburia ya guchamukia ruujiü Kirai gia kuruga ü Kibiriti

Kuruga chapatti cia mianga:1) Jukia gilasi ijiri cia mutu jwa mianga na gilasi

ithatu cia mutu jwa nkano2) Ungania bwega mukebene

3) Jukia ruuji na uunganie na chumbi4) Ongera ruuji mutune mwanka juungane bwega5) Waa tayari kuruga chapatti ruuga uria urugaga

kawaida6) Thuranira mwanki na wike kirai rikone riu

uruge chapatti ciaku7) Warikia ikira irio biu waruga dishine

Kuruga mandazi ja mianga:1) Thima gilasi ijiri cia mutu jwa mianga na ithatu

cia mutu jwa nkano2) Riu, ongera iciko biiri bia baking powder3) Uungania bwega4) Jukia ruuji na chumbi unganirie dishine ingi5) Ongera ruuji mwanka mutuu jungane bwega6) Thuranira mwanki jwaku na wike cuburia

mwankine, ongera maguta7) Jaa tayari ikira kuruga mandazi jaku8) Thuranira mandazi jaku jang’ani na uria

urugaga jangi9) Jarikia kua tayari, ikira mandazi jaku dishine

jari tayari gutawa

Kuruga chapatti cia ndengu:1) Taara ndengu na wikire ruujine rukutheruka

kenda iya2) Therukia mwanka ciye bwega

Cluster ya Ntharagwene: Cluster injeru kuumaniana cluster ya TIST ya Ntugi region.

Cluster ya Kamweyendei: Kwija amwemicemanione ya o mweri ya cluster nigutethagia

kuthoma na kugaana mathuganio jameru.

5KIMERU VERSION

Kuruga chapati cia mianga

3) Kima ndengu ciaku mwanka cie cubu rangiya green

4) Uuna ndengu nikenda wathurana na cubu5) Ongera chumbi cubune6) Ikira gilasi ithatu cia mutu jwa nkano7) Uungania bwega8) Ikira pan mwankine na uruge chapatti ciaku9) Ruuga uria urugaga chapatti ingi10) Warikia kuruga, ikira dishine ciri tayari

gutawa

Kuruga chips cia mianga:1) Jukia muanga2) Chaura gikonde na urite muri jwa gati gati3) Giita tue tunini na uthambie bwega4) Riita ruuji5) Thuranira kirai giaku gia kuruga

6) Ikira maguta na wetere mwanka jagie mwankina jae tayari kuruga

7) Ikira mianga yaku magutene mwanka iyebwega

Yarikia ngugi ikira dishine iri tayari gutawa

Mantu jaja jajukitue kuuma The Organic Farmer( http://www.theorganicfarmer.org/profile/2) and JürgenGriesbach, 2005: Avocado growing in Kenya. ICRAF(World Agroforestry Centre), Nairobi, Kenya.

Mbukandu ni itunda ria thoko ria bata monokiri Kenya na kiri thoko cietu na kinya cia oome.Kurina mithemba ithatu iria minene buru yamibukandu, iria ibujaga guntu mwanya mwanya.Menya ni mibukandu ya mithemba iriku ithithagiabwega nkuruki iandi kiri rera na mantu ja ntuurayaku. Gutumira mpindi kana mbeu kuuma kugitamiti irina thiria na iminene na minandene iria iriakui niku kwega, miti iji niu yumba kuthithia bwegankuruki au gwaku.

Kuumithia mibukanduMpindi niciritagwa mitine iria irina thiria na kuumakiri matunda jarina thiria na jakuri. Mbeu iu ijukituena yatherua no ikirwe kiri ndawa ya kurigiriatunyomoo tutikamirie na riu ikaandwa mibukoneya kuumithia kana maratasine ja nailoni jaturimakutho. Kirundu kiri na bata mono kiri kuuma kwambeu iji. Mibukandu iji yakinya centimita mirongoiiri na yagia tuthangu tuna tuumite bwega,nikuragwa, igakamatwa na gwikua mikebene.Kurita mbeu kuumania na muti nikujukia mieri uitantatu. Miti ikurite kuumania na kugitwa kuumakiri ingi nithagirwa iri imikui nkuruki na yambagiriaguciara maua kurio (miti ithatu gwita inna yarikiakuandwa muundene) nkuruki ya iu ingi. Miti imininiikethirwa iri tayari kuthamirua muundene nyumaya mieri iiri gwita ithatu yarikia kugitwa.

Kuanda miti na kumirikiaMithetu nibati kwithirwa iri imiarie, iminoru na irinaruugo rung’ani. Mibukandu itibujaga mithetuneigwika ruuji na iritui mono na ikwigara kana ariakuri na ruuji rwanthi ruri akui mono, na kwouitiumagiria kinya nduji cia chumbi na cia acidi. Igitariria riega buru ria kuanda ni mwambirio jwa mbura.Kanya kuuma muti gwita kiri jungi ni mita ithanthatugwita ikumi, kulingana na unoru, rera na muthembajwa muthatu. Marinya jakuanda nijenjagwa jariamaingi jarina warie bwa fiti ijiri na uraja bwa fitiijiri, ukimenyagiira ati ukuunanga mang’enyuajamanene na kumenyeera ati ruuji rutiigara na miiriigukura itikugitarua. Muthetu jou juriti kirinyenenijubati kuunganua na mboleo, mati na rockphosphate kethira irio. Anda imera biu utikugitariamiiri ukimenyaira ati uandite uraja o buria biraandimukebene. Thithia karai kuumania na muthetukathiurukite muti nikenda irio na ruuji rugwatuabwega.

Warikia kuanda, miti iu nibati gwikirwa ruujiorio. Tumira lita ithano gwita mirongo iri cia ruujikulingana na uraja bwa kimera. Gukunikira muthetukwaomba kwaithirwa kurina baita nontunikunyiagia kuura kwa ruuji na kunyiyia kuuma kwairia. Gwikira ruuji gukendeka igita ririkai. Untu bungibwa bata ni kumenyeera o kimera kuumania nandithia na nyomoo cia kithaka.

Gwikira mitunda ruuji.Ruuji ruri bata mono igita ria gukura na guciara kwamutunda. Mieri yambele iiri ya kuuma, na kinyamiaka yiayo ya mbele ya gukura, miti nibatigutegerwa o igita nyuma ya igita na igekirwa ruujiriria yonania nikwenda. Mibukando niumaga miri

TIST: Mabukandu nojalete mbeca inyingi.

6KIMERU VERSION

imiraja, indi kulingana na rera no yende gwikirwaruuji rungi, mono igitene ria uumo. Igita ria gwitamaua, guciara matunda, na gukura kwa matundaruuji rung’ani ruirbata mono niuntu bia gukuragukwega kwa matunda.

Mboleo. Niuntu bwa guciara bwega, kuri baita gwikiramibukandu mboleo o igita nyuma ya igita. Kiloithano gwita mirongo iiri cia fertilizer no ciikirweo muti o mwaka. Menyeera riria ugutumira nitrogen– niongagira gukura kwa mathangu indi ti kuumakwa maua na miiri ya mibukando itiendaga muthetujurina chumbi inyingi. Phosphorus jaria mainginiendekaga, na potassium iri bata kiri miti iria ikuriya guciara matunda. Tunyomoo na mirimo.Njira cia kwebera tunyomoo na mirimo ni untu bwabata mono kwou taara antu aega na anoru a kuanda,anda itarenie bwega, taara mithemba irina thiria,nyinyia maria, kunikira muthetu, ukanoria mono, nawikiire ruuji riria rwendeka. Tunyomoo jaria maingiti thina kiri uandi bwa mabukandu Kenya. Tumirainto bia muarubaine, bia pyrethrum kana biatephrosia kurua na tunyomoo ta moths, thrips kanascales kethira muti nijugitaritue mono.

Mirimo iji no ithirwe iri hatari:Avocado root rot: (murimo jwaPhytophthora fungus) Miti niciaraga maciarajamakai na irina mathangu jamakai na ikari jakayajitue ikiendaga kunyara. Biang’i nibiithagua ni riuana bigakua. Miri no yore na muti junthe jugakuajutikuri. Miti yajitue nibati gukurwa na ikaithua.Ruuji rwa mwanki na utumiri bwa ndawa ciatunyomoo kiri mbeu iria ikaumithua niyo njira iriaikairwa inya ya kuebera murimo juju. Kurina ndawaijiri cia kurua murimo juju - Ridomil na Aliette.

Anthracnose: Matunda nijagijaga macunci ja rangiya brown jamoomu. Matunda jamaanake nojagwe,indi kiri jaria jagukura kura, murimo jujunijwicithaga mwaka gitunda gigakura na gikagunda.Jaria maingi, ndawa cithithitue na coppernitumagirwa kurua na Anthracnose.

Cercospora fruit spot: Macunci ja yellowjamanini nijonekaga matundene na mathangune.Kanyuma, nijagaruraga rangi ikaa brown riujakaunikanga, na kwou gutuma tunyomoo tungi twijana uuthu. Murimo juju kinyaju nijuthiragua na ndawacithithitue na copper

Kugua kwa matunda.Kugua kwa mathangu ti murimo na nikwonekanaga

mono kiri mitunda ya mithemba imingi. Mitinigwithagia matunda iria jaingia na jaria jutiumbakurera bwega mwanka jakura. Mibukandonigwithagia matunda jaja janyii ja nono, na kairi ririajang’ana ta nkara.

Gutua mabukandu.Miti iria ithithiritue grafting niambagiria kurita mauana guciara matunda nyuma ya miaka ithatu gwitainna yarikia kuandwa muundene.Kuri mantu joonanagia ati gukura kuri akui:• Kiri mithemba imiiru, nikwithagirwa kurina

kugaruka kwa rangi kuuma green gwita blackkana purple.

• Kiri mithemba ya green, kiang’I kia gitundanikiejaga yellow, ngozi no yonekane igitigakumeta meta, kana gitina gikauma icuncibigukara jaka gukurota.

• Mithemba imwe niambagiria gukara jakaikwerua.

• Matunda jaria jakaraga iguru riria jekirwaruujine nijethagirwa jakuri.

Thoko.Tonga mabukandu jonthe na umenyeeri bubwingi!Thoko cia oome, mono cia Europe, ciri mantu namawatho jamoomo jaria arimi babanini boombakwona jarina uumo gukinyira. Thoko cia aja citiuumo bubwingi ou indi kinyacio ciri mantu, niuntumbokandu nicikuraga cionthe igita rimwe, na kwougutuma arimi baaga baita kuumania na kujendia.Gwika kana kuthithia into bia mabukandu ni akuiburema kuumbika. Arimi ba Mabukandu jwakwendia kwou no mwanka bagwatane na ukuimono nikenda boona thoko injega.

Mithemba iria yonekanaga mono yamibukandu:1. Hass na Fuertes: Mithemba iji nitumagirwa

kuthithia mbeu injeru (gicunci kia iguru kiamitunda ithithiritue grafting). Niendagwamono niuntu bwa maguta jamaingi.

2. Puebla: Muthemba juju nijutumagirwa ni arimibabaingi kuandiraingi nontu itina mirri ndenena itigwatagwa ni mirimo

3. Singapore: Juju ni muthemba jumweru juriajukurangaga na juumba guciara jwakinya mieriikumi na inna gwita ikumi na itano. Nijukinyagauraja bwa fiti ijiri.

4. G5 na G6: Mithemba iji iri niendi mono nontunithithagia bwega guntu kuri iguru na kinyakuria kuri nthi. No iumithirue kiri mithembaingi yonthe kenda matunda jathongomua.

Arimi nibakuurua bagure miti ya kuanda kuumaniana aumithia baria baijikenena bena baruga.




Not for sale


Kikuyu Version


Burimaria TIST Cluster during their monthly meeting. We received tree payments lastmonth. Our goal is to plant more trees in the coming rainy season.

TIST: Kuhanda mithemba miingi ya irio. Page 2

Cluster ya Ntharagwene: Cluster njeru biu thiini wa ruhonge rwa TIST rwaNtugi. Page 4

Cluster ya Kamweyendei: Guka hamwe gwitu thiini wa micemanio ya o mwerinigututeithagia guthoma na kumenya maundu maingi. Page 4

TIST: Makorobia nomakuhe mbeca makiria. Page 5

Thiini wa ngathiti:

2KIKUYU VERSION

Murimi noahande irio mithemba miingi

kimera kimwe. Ririawacagura mithemba

iria ingitwarana wega nouteithiririe

kwagirithia biodiversity migundaini, kwngerera

unoru wa tiiri na kunyihia ugwati wa tutambi na

mirimu.

Intercropping yonanagia kuhanda na

gukuraniria iri mithemba miingi mugunda-ini umwe.

Ona ningi kuhanda irio na miti hamwe.

Imwe cia ikundi cia TIST nicigeretie njira ta

ici, iria ninjega na kuria kuinamu na kuri na

iharuruka.

1. Muhari-ini wa mbere enja mutaro wa uriku

wa 18cm na warii wa 18cm.

2. Ihuria mutaro na thumu.

3. Handa mianga na waru.

4. Huhari-ini ucio ungi, handa mbembe 1m

ukihuthira Kilimo Hai.

5. Cokera mianga na waru

6. Cokera membe.

Njira ino ihuthagira makiria maundu maria

tukoretwo tugithoma. Ni kuhandaniria na

gukuraniria irio mithemba miingi mugunda-ini

umwe, ihuthagira thumu na Kilimo Hai.

• Geria gucenjania mihari ya mbembe na miti.

Ikundi nicigeretie kuhanda mihari itatu ya

mbembe na muhari umwe wa mringa/yellow

cassia/leucaenia/bead tree.

• Mihari ya muhia noihandwo gatagati ja mihari

ya moringa na leucaenia.

• Geria mutukanio wa calliandra na mboco na

marigu, mboco na kahuwa (riria kari kanini).

• Geria kuhandaniria njugu na mbembe/muhia

na mwere.

• Geria na utaganu niguo wone ruia mwega na

uheane maciaro kuri TIST.

Gucenjania uhandi wa irio mugunda-ini.

Crop rotation ni kuria arimi macenjanagia

uhandi wa irio na imera mugunda-ini umwe. Nikuri

mutaratara uria urumagirirwo kuria riria uracagura

muthemba uria ukurumirira wagiriirwo ni kuya

kuma family ingi. Gucwnjania guku niguteithagia

kwngerera unoru wa tiiri tondu mimera ngurani

ikoragwo na miri ya uraihu ngurani kuuga ati unoru

niuthiaga ugitonyaga tiiri-ini kuringana na muthemba

wa irio.

Niguo kugia na mawega ma gucenjania irio,

ninginya ucenjanie wega. uu

Nitondu mimera ya muthemba umwe

noiguciririe muthemba umwe wa tutambi na

mirimu na riria wacenjania niunyihagia ugwati wa

tutambi na mirimu gutherema na guikara tiiri-ini.

Group 1: Cucumber, gourds, pumpkin, squashes,

watermelon (Gourd family)

Group 2: Broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage,

cauliflower, collards, kale, radish, turnip,

mustard, watercress (Crucifer/Brassica

family)

Group3: Eggplant, pepper, tomato, potato

(Solanaceous family)

Group 4: Lettuce, artichoke (Aster family)

Group 5: Maize, rice, sorghum, wheat, oat, barley,

millet (Grains and cereals family)

Group 6: Beans and peas (Legume family)

Group 7: Garlic, leek, onions, chives (Allium

family)

Group 8: Carrot, celery, dill, parsnip, parsley

(Carrot family)

Group 9: Cassava, sweet potato, taro, yam, water

chestnut (root crop family)

Group 10: Cotton, okra (Mallow family)

Angikorwo njira ino ninditu, arimi aingi

nimahuthagia na gukorwo na ikundi 5 ci gucenjania.

a) Mathangu(broccoli, mboga, cauliflower, kales,

spinach etc) nicifataraga unoru muingi gukira

mboga.

TIST: Kuhanda mithemba miingi ya irio.

3KIKUYU VERSION





Alley cropping

Alley cropping

b) Matunda (chilies, eggplants, peppers, tomatoes,

etc.).nicibataraga thumu muingi no ti ta irio

cia mathangu.

c) Irio cia miri crops (carrots, beetroots, potatoes,

onions, radishes, turnips, etc).citibataraga

humu muingi ta mathangu na miri.

d) Legumes (beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, grams,

peas, pigeon peas, etc.).maundu mangi ma bata

macio ni guthondekanitrogen tiiri-ini.

e) Cereals(mbembe, muhia, mwere)

Maundu ma kurora mbere.

Geria kuhanda mbembe na njugu hamwe

mwaka wa mbere na mwaka wa keeri uhande

muhia. Handa njugu mwaka wa mbere na utukanie

na legumes, sunflower na/kana waru mwaka wa

keeri.

Njira ingi ni kuhnada mbembe irumiriirwo ni

legumes na soybeans kana njugu na kimera kiu

kirumiriire ugerie kindu ta cotton.

Geria gutiga mugunda utarimite gwa kahinda

ka mwaka umwe ucoke uhande ringi gwa kahinda

ka miaka 3-5 utautigite ringi. Njira ino niikuhe

mugunda kamweke ga gukorwo na unoru. Geeria

thaara na nyeki ya ngombe.

Na muno makiriahanda legumes mbere ya

kuhanda cereals. Riria wahanda mimera ya

Brassica(ta mboga) mbere na thutha wa

Solanaceous(ta nyanya) noguteithie kugitira mirimu

ya tiiri na miri.

Ino ni njira ya gucenjaniai muhandire wa irio

mugundaini kuma kuri Infonet-Biovision. Iroya

muhiano wa mugunda uri na plot 4 hari imera 4 na

o kimera kiri na mieri 4.

Kimera 1:Plot 1: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeksPlot 2: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomatoPlot 3: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kalePlot 4: Beans / cowpeas / grams / or peas

Kimera 2:Plot 1: Beans / cowpeas / grams or peasPlot 2: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kalePlot 3: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomatoPlot 4: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeks

Kimera 3:Plot 1: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kalePlot 2: Beans / cowpeas / grams / or peasPlot 3: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeksPlot 4: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomato

Kimera 4:Plot 1: Eggplant / chilies / potato / or tomatoPlot 2: Maize / garlic / onions / or leeksPlot 3: Beans / cowpeas / grams / or peasPlot 4: Broccoli / cabbage / cauliflower / or kale

4KIKUYU VERSION

A memba a Ntharagwene Cluster mari tuta-ini ciao cia

miti mweri ucio urathirire.

Ithui amemba a Ntharagwene clusternitukenete tukiuga ati nitutheremetekuma riria twahukire kuma cluster ya

Kiirua mwaka muhituku. Kinya hau turi,nitukoretwo na nathari cia miti makiria ma10,000. In ikwongerera iria turari nayo27,288.

Nginya umuthi, turi na ikundi cia TIST31 na nitubangite kuingiria ingi nyingimwaka uyu. Nitukoragwo na mucemaniowitu wa o mwaka thiini wa St. PartickAIPCEA o jumanne yamuico ya mweri.Nyitanira naithui niguo turute wira hamweniguo twagirithie miturire na mariamaturigiciirie.

Ri iciria ria gucemanagia o mweri

nirikoretwo na kiguni kuri ithui.

Nituthomithanagia maundu meru na njira

ino igatuteithia kwongerera uugi witu na njira

nyingi..miturire iitu ikahutha riria twaraniria

maundu megii mouritu maria mari kuo miturire-ini

na tukagia na njira ya kuhurana namo.

Hingo ya mucemanio witu wa July 2014,

nitwathomire kuhitukira amemba amwe aitu uria

tungiagirithia na twongerere bata indo iria turi nacio.

Ici ni indo ta mianga niguo igie na cama na

guthondeka chapatti ciri na kiguni miiri-ini.

Maya ni makinya ma guthondeka mianga.ü Mutu wa miangaü Mutu wa nganoü Dawa ya kuimbiaü Maguta ma kurugaü Ndenguü Mianga miithi.ü Cumbiü Maaiü Nyunguü Thaburiaü Panü Kibiriti

Njira ya kuhariria.

1) Oya glass igiri cia mutu wa mianga na glass 3

cia mutu wa ngano

2) Citukanirie mbakuri-ini

3) Tukania na maai na cumbi

4) Ikira mutu maai-ini

5) Kima mutu

6) Hairia mwaki na uigirire pan ya kuruga chapatti.

7) Warikia ikira maguta kabakuri-ini.

Njira cia kuhariria mandazi ma mianga:

1) Thima glass 2cia mutu wa mianga na glass 3

cia mutu wa ngano.

2) Ikira iciko igiri cia dawa ya kuimbia.

3) Tukaniria wega bakuri-ini.

4) Oya maai na cumbi na utukanie.

5) Ikira maai nginya citukane.

6) Hariria mwaki na uigirire thaburia na ucoke

wikire maguta.

7) Ikira mandazi maku na uruge ota mandazi maria

mangi.

Cluster ya Ntharagwene: Cluster njeru biu thiiniwa ruhonge rwa TIST rwa Ntugi.

Cluster ya Kamweyendei: Guka hamwe gwituthiini wa micemanio ya o mweri nigututeithagia

guthoma na kumenya maundu maingi.

5KIKUYU VERSION

Kuhaririria Chapaci cia mianga

Njira cia kuhariria chapatti cia ndengu.

1) Thuura ndengu na wikire nyunguini citheruke.

2) Therukia nginya ihie.

3) Uruga ndengu niguo thubu ukorwo na rangi

4) Cunga niguo wone thubu.

5) Ikira cumbi thubuini

6) Tukania wega.

7) Igirira pan mwaki-ini na uruge chapatti ciaku

8) Ruga ota cia kawaida.

9) Warikia ihurira andu aku.

Njira ya kuruga chips cia mianga.

1) Oya mianga mithi

2) Unura makoni na muri wa gatagati.

3) Tinangia cihane chips.

Ta uria turutite from The Organic Farmer(http://

www.theorganicfarmer.org/profile/2) and Jürgen

Griesbach, 2005: Avocado growing in Kenya. ICRAF

(World Agroforestry Centre), Nairobi, Kenya.

Makorobia ni matunda ma bata Kenya ma kwedio

guku bururini ona nja ya bururi.

Kuri mithemba iria minene itatu ya makorobia, iria

ikuraga miena ngurani. Roar ni muthemba uriku wa

makorobia ungikura kwanyu. Ukihuthira mbegu

kana muciarithanio na kuma nathariini cia kwanyu

nikuo kwega makiria, miti ta iyo noikure wega

kwanyu.

Guthondeka mbegu.

Mbegu ciunganagio kuma kuri miti iria miega na

mikuru. Mbegu iria ciarutwo nociikio dawaini ya

kuninafungi na cicoke cihandwo tuta-ini kana

maratathi-ini. Kiiruru nikiega niguo cimere wega.

Riria mbegu ciakinyia 20cm uraihu na ciri na mahuti

mana niguo cimunyagwo na cikahandwo mikebe-

ini.

Guciarithania nogwikwo thuha wa kahinda ta ka

mieri 6. Miti iria miciarihanie niiikaraga iri minini

na ikambiriria kuruta kiro tene(ta 3-4 years thetha

wa kuhanda mugunda-ini) gukira iria cihanditwo

mugunda-ini. Miti iyo minini niikoragwo ikinyite ya

kuhandwo mugunda-ini thutha wa 3-4 months

thutha wa guciarithanio.

Uhandi wa miti.

Tiiri wagiriirwo nigukorw uri muriku , munoru na

muhinyu. Makorobia matiendaga tiri utatemeirwo

maai wega, tiiri mumu, miaraho ya maai kana ugunyu

muingi, na ningi ndwendaga tiiri uri na cumbi kana

acid. Kahinda karia keega muno ga kuhanda ni

kimera kia mbura .utaganu wa miti wagiriirwo

nigukorwo uri wa 6-10m, kuringana na unoru wa

tiiri, riera na maundu mangi. Marima magiriirwo

nikwenjwo mari na utaganu wa 2ft na uriku wa 2ft,

ukgitigagirira tiiri nimuhinyu na maai makaunithio

wega na miri ndirathuburwo. Tiiri uria wenjwo

noutukanio na thumu na phosphate ya mahiga

angikorwo iri ho. Handa mimera umenyereire

utaguthmbura na guthukia miri na uriku ota uria

irari nagui iri mikebe-ini. Thondeka handu hahana

basin guthiururukiria muti niguo ukorwo na maai.

Thutha wa kuhanda, mimera yagiriirwo kuheo maai

orio. Huthira 5-20 lt cia maai kuringana na muigana

wa mumera. Humbira na mahuti niguo ugunyu wa

tiiri uikare na ikure wega. Guitiriria maai

nigukoragwo kuri kwa bata makiria. Gitira miti

kumanana mahiu.

Kuhe maai kwa miti ya matunda.

Kuhe maai ni kwa bata muno hingo ya ikiro ngurani

riria muti urakura. Hingo ya mweri wa mbere, na

ningi mwaka wa mbere wa gukura, miti niyagiriirwo

4) Umithia maai.

5) Hariria mwaki.

6) Ikira maguta-ini nginya mahiuhe

7) Ikira mianga maguta-ini macio

8) Warikia ihurira andu aku.

TIST: Makorobia nomakuhe mbeca makiria.

6KIKUYU VERSION

ni guikara ikiroragwo na kuheo maai riria yonania

ta ing’ariirwo. Mikorobia niikoragwo na miri

minene kuringana na riera niibataraga mai maingi

na muno kimera kia riua. Riria iraruta kiro, matunda

niwega ithondekwo niguo irute matunda mega.

Kuhe fertilizer.

Niguo ukorwo na maciaro maingi, niwega na undu

wa bata gwikira mikorobia thumu maita maingi.

Gatagati ka 5-20 kg cia fertilizer nociikirwo muti-

ini umwe o mwaka – niitumaga mahuti makorwo

mari mega na ti kuruta kiro, na miri ya makorobia

ndiiguanaga na cumbi muingi tiiri-ini. Phosphorus

niya bata ohamwe na potassium niya bata niguo

mimera igie na maciaro maingi.

Tutambi na mirimu.

Njira cia kwigitira ni cia bata kwa uguo caria handu

hari na tiiri mwega, tagania miti yaku, cagura miti

iria miega, gitira kumana na tutambi, humbira na

mahuti, ndugekire fertilizer nyingi makiria na uhe

maai riria kwagiriire. Tutambi ti thina munene hari

urimi wa avocado thiini wa Kenya. Huthira indo cia

neem, kuhariria pyrethrum, kana tephrosia. Niundu

wa tutambi ta fruit moths, thrips kana scales

angikorwo nimaritwo muno.

Mirimu ino noikorwo na ugwati munene:

Avocado Root Rot: (a Phytophthora fungus

disease) miti iciaraga matunda matari maingi na

ikoragwo namahuti manini, maria makoragwo mari

na rangi ungi na makahoha. Hongi cikoragwo

ciumagariti na cikoma thutha wa kahinda kanini.

Miri niibuthaga na muti wothe ukoma. Miti iria

inyititwo ni murimu uyu yagiriirwo ni kumunywo

na iteo. Kuhonia na maai mahiu na kuuraga tutambi

nikwega niguo muti ugie na maciaro maingi. Kuri

na dawa mithemba 2 iria niya murimu uyu. Ridomil

na Aliette.

Anthracnose: matunda magatuika ma brown,

makagia na maroro, matutnda matari makuru

makagua thi. Murimu uyu wihithaga nginya riria

matunda makagethwo. Muno dawa ciri na copper

nicihuthagirwo.

Cercospora fruit spot: maroro manini ma rangiwa yellow nimonekaga matunda-ini, thtuha,nimacokaga magatuika ma brown n Mtundamagatukanga njira iria ihotithagia titambiguthukangia. Murimu uyu onaguo uninagwo nadawa cia copper.

Friut Drop: murimu uyu niwonekanaga muno kurimithemba miingi ya matunda. Miti iguithagiamatunda maingi makiria. Makorobia iguithagiamatunda maigi riria matakinyite ma kugethwo nariria makinya muigana wa itumbi.

Kugetha makorobia.Matunda maria maciarithanie mambagiriria guciarathutha wa 3-4 miaka thtutha wa kuhandwomugunda-iniIci ni dalili ati mutu niukinyite wa guciara.• Gucenjia rangi na kuiiririra.• Matunda kuhana yellow, ngothi guthenga.• Kuhana ta maeruha.• Matunda maria maraareramaai-ini nimo

makuru.

Thoko.Menyerera makorobia na umenyereri munene!Thoko cia nja na makiria Europe nicikoragwo namawatho manene maria arimi anini mangiremwoni gukinyiria. Thoko cia guku nicikoragwo ciri nditutondu makobia makuranagira hamwe. Ariminimaremagwo ni kuiga na guthondeka makorobia.Kwa uguo arimi nimagiiirwo kunyitithanio na thokonjega cia makorobia.

Mithemba iria yonekanaga ya makorobia.1. Hass and Fuertes: mithemba ino ihuthagiro

guciarithania makorobia maria mangi.Nimakoragwo na maguta maingi muno.

2. Puebla: mahuthikaga guciarithania mwenawan a-thi na matikoragwo na fibre namatinyitagwo ni mirimu.

3. Singerpore: uyu ni muthemba mwega naukuraga thutha wa 14-15 months ukuraga nauraihu wa 2ft.

4. G5 na G6 mithemba ino niyo ikuraga kundukuingi na noiciarithanio na mithemba ino ingiyothe niguo kumiagirithia.

Arimi nimarahinyiririo magure mbegu kuma kuri

aria metikiritio.




Not for sale


Kiswahili Version


Burimaria TIST Cluster wakati wa mkutano wetu wa kila mwezi. Tulipata malipo ya mitimwezi uliopita. Maono yetu ni kupanda miti mingi wakati wa msimu ujao wa mvua.

TIST: Mseto wa mimea. Uk. 2

Cluster ya Ntharagwene Cluster: Mpya yazaliwa katika eneo la TIST la Ntugi. Uk. 4

Cluster ya Kamweyendei: Kuja kwetu pamoja katika mikutano ya kila mwezi ya TISThutusaidia kusoma na kushiriki mawazo mapya. Uk. 4

TIST: Avocado zaweza kukupa mapato mazuri. Uk. 5

Ndani ya gazeti:

2KISWAHILI VERSION

Upandaji wa mimea mingi ni ambapo mimeamiwili au mitatu hukuzwa pamoja katikamsimu mmoja. Kwa mchanganyiko unaofaa,

hili laweza kuongeza bionuwai katika ardhi,kuongeza rutuba na kupunguza uwepo wa vijiduduna magonjwa.

Mseto hueleza zoezi la kupanda mimea tofautiwakati mmoja katika shamba moja. Pia yawezakuhusisha kukuza mimea pamoja na miti kwa mfanokilimo mseto.

Baadhi ya vikundi wamejaribu mbinu zifuatazo, nzurihasa kwenye miteremko1. Kwa mstari wa kwanza, chimba mtaro wenye

urefu wa centimita kumi na nane na upana wacentimita kumi na nane

2. Jaza mtaro huu na mbolea ya mimea3. Panda mihogo na viazi vikifuatana4. Kwa safu ya pili panda ukanda wa mahindi mita

moja ukitumia mashimo ya kilimo hai5. Mstari mwingine wa mihogo na viazi6. Mstari mwingine wa mahindi na kadhalika

Mbinu hii hutumia mengi ya tuliyosoma katikamafunzo: ina kilimo mseto, ina mbolea ya mimeana pia kilimo hai.

• Jaribu kufuatanisha mistari ya mahindi nay amiti. Vikundi vidogo vimejaribu kufuatanishaukanda wa mita nane wa mahindi na msatriwa miti ya moringa / yellow cassia / leucaenia/ bead tree

• Mistari ya mtama yaweza kupandwa kati katiya mistari ya moringa au leucaenia.

• Jaribu mchanganyiko wa calliandra na migombaya ndizi, calliandra na mahagwe, calliandra namahindi, mahindi na maharagwe, maharagwena leucaenia, maharagwe na ndizi, maharagwena kahawa (ilipo changa).

• Jaribu kuchanganya kunde na mahindi / mtamaau uwele.

Jaribu nafasi mbali mbali ili uone ni gani bora zaidi,na ujulishe TIST matokeo.

Mawazo kuhusu mzunguko wa mazaoMzunguko wa mazao ni ambapo wakulima

huzunguka huku wakipanda mimea mbali mbalikatika ardhi moja. Kuna utaratibu maalum wa upanziwa mimea, ambapo zao litakalofuata hutoka familia

tofauti na iliyopandwa kabla. Mzunguko wa mimeawaweza kuwa wenye faida kwa rutuba ya udongokwani mimea tofauti huwa na urefu tofauti wamifumo ya mizizi, kumaanisha si safu moja yavirutubisho vya udongo humalizwa mwaka baadaya mwaka. Mbinu hii pia husaidia kuvunja udongokatika safu tofauti, jambo ambalo huboresha mfumowa udongo, na laweza kuvuta aina tofauti za viumbehai wenye faida katika udongo.

Ili kupata faida za kuzungusha mimea, lazimaaina tofauti ya mmea ipandwe kila wakati. Hili nikwa sababu mimea ya aina moja huvuta vijidudu namagonjwa sawa, na kuzungusha aina kwawezakupunguza uwezekano wa baadhi ya vijidudu namagonjwa kuchukua umiliki kwatika udongo.

Orodha ifuatayo inaweka mimea kulingana navikundi. Mimea kutoka kikundi kimoja haifaikupandwa moja baada ya nyingine. Hakikishaumechanganya vikundi vyako katika mpango wakowa mzunguko!

Kundi la kwanza: Tango, vibuyu, malenge,squashes, tikiti maji(Familia yamtango)

Kundi la pili: Broccoli, Brussel sprouts, kabichi,cauliflower, collards, sukuma,radish, turnip, haradali, water-cress (Jamii ya crucifer / Brassica)

Kundi la tatu: Mbilingani, pilipili, nyanya, viazi(Jamii ya solanaceous)

Kundi la nne: Lettuce, artichoke (Jamii yaAster)

Kundi la tano: Mahindi, mchele, mtama, ngano,oat, shayiri, mtama (Jamii yanafaka)

Kundi la sita: Beans na mbaazi (jamii ya kunde)Kundi la saba: Vitunguu, leek, vitunguu saumu,

chives (Jamii ya Allium)Kundi la nane: karoti, celery, dill, parsnip, parsley

(Jamii ya karoti)Kundi la tisa: Muhogo, viazi vitamu, taro, viazi

vikuu, water chestnut (Jamii yamizizi)

Kundi la kumi: Pamba, okra (Jamii ya Mallow)

Iwapo mfumo ulio hapo juu ni mgumu sana,wakulima wengi hurahisisha kazi hii kwa kuwekamimea katika vikundi vitano na kuzunguka katiya vyenyewe (taarifa imetoka katika tovuti yaInfonet-Biovision):

a) Mimea ya majani (broccoli, kabichi, cauliflow-ers, sukuma, mchicha na kadhalika). Huhitajivirutubisho zaidi ya zinginezo

b) Mimea ya matunda (Pilipili, mbilingani, pilipilikali, nyanya na kadhalika.). Huhitaji kiwangokikubwa kiasi cha virutubisho lakini si kamamimea ya majani.

c) Mimea ya mizizi (Karoti, beetroots, viazi,

TIST: Mseto wa mimea.

3KISWAHILI VERSION





Alley cropping

Kirimo Mseto

vitunguu, radishes, turnips, na kadhalika).Huhitaji virutubisho chache ukilinganisha namimea ya majani na ya matunda.

d) Jamii ya kunde (maharagwe, chickpeas, kunde,ndengu, mbaazi, na kadhalika.). faida yaonyongeza ni kutia naitrojeni iliyo katika hewaudongoni.

e) Nafaka (Mahindi, mtama, uwele na kadhalika

Mawazo ya kuzingatia:Jaribu kupanda mahindi na njugu pamoja

mwaka wa kwanza na mwaka wa pili upande mtama.Jaribu kupanda njugu mwaka wa kwanza halafuupande mchanganyiko wa jamii ya kunde, alizeti na/au viazi katika mwaka wa pili

Wazo linguine ni kujaribu kupanda mahindihalafu jamii ya kunde ifuate kama vile soya au njugu.Halafu msimu utakaofuata jaribu kupanda mmeautakaoleta pesa kama pamba.

Jaribu kuacha shamba bila chochote mwakamzima, halafu upande mimea tena miaka mitatu hadimitano kabla ya kuliwacha tena bila chochote. Hililitaipa ardhi nafasi ya kurudisha virutubishoudongoni. Fikiria kupanda nyasi iwapo una mifugo.

Kwa jumla, panda jamii ya kunde kabla yanafaka. Kupanda mimea kutoka jamii ya Brassica(kama Kabichi) kabla na baada ya mimea kutokajamii ya Solanaceous (kama nyanya) kwawezakuzuia mjengo wa mafundo ya viwavi na kukaukakunaoletwa na bakteria.

Lifuatalo ni wazo la kuzungusha mimealili lochukuliwa kutoka Infonet-Biovision.Linachukua mfano wa shamba lenye viwanja vinnehuku kila msimu hukiwa takriban miezi minne.

Msimu wa kwanza:Kiwanja cha kwanza: Mahindi / saumu / vitunguu /au ilikiKiwanja cha pili : Mbilingani/ pilipili /viazi / au nyanyaKiwanja cha tatu : Broccoli /kabichi / cauliflower /au sukumaKiwanja cha nne :maharagwe / kunde /ndengu / aumbaazi

Second season:Kiwanja cha kwanza: maharagwe / kunde /ndengu/ au mbaaziKiwanja cha pili: Broccoli /kabichi / cauliflower /au sukumaKiwanja cha tatu: Mbilingani/ pilipili /viazi / aunyanyaKiwanja cha nne: Mahindi / saumu / vitunguu / auiliki

Third season:Kiwanja cha kwanza: Broccoli /kabichi / cauliflower/ au sukumaKiwanja cha pili: maharagwe / kunde /ndengu / aumbaaziKiwanja cha tatu: Mahindi / saumu / vitunguu / auilikiKiwanja cha nne: Mbilingani/ pilipili /viazi / aunyanya

Fourth season:Kiwanja cha kwanza: Mbilingani/ pilipili /viazi / aunyanyaKiwanja cha pili: Mahindi / saumu / vitunguu / auilikiKiwanja cha tatu: maharagwe / kunde /ndengu / aumbaaziKiwanja cha nne: Broccoli /kabichi / cauliflower /au sukuma

4KISWAHILI VERSION

Wanacluster ya Ntharagwene palipo kitalu chao cha mitimwezi jana.

Sisi, wanacluster ya Ntharagwene tunafuraha kushirikisha maendeleo yetutangu tulipozalisha kutokana na

cluster ya Kiirua mwaka huu. Kufikia leo,tumeanzisha kitalu cha miti kilicho na zaidiya miche elfu kumi. Hii itaongeza miti yetutuliyo nayo hai ambayo ni elfu ishirini nasaba, mia mbili themanini na nane.

Kufikia sasa, tuna vikundi vidogothelathini na moja vya TIST na tunapangiakuongeza vingine mwaka huu. Sisihukutana katika mikutano ya kila mwezipale kiwanja cha kanisa la St. PatrickAIPCEA kila Jumanne ya mwisho katikamwezi. Tafadhali jiunge na sisi ili tufanyekazi pamoja ili kuboresha maisha namazingira yetu.

Wazo la kukutana kila mwezi limekuwalenye faida kwetu. Tumeshiriki nakubadilishana mawazo mapya. Hili

hutusaidia kuboresha ujuzi wetu kwa njia mbalimbali. Maisha yetu hukuwa rahisi kwani huwatunajadili changamoto mbali mbali katika maishayetu na tunapata njia za kukabiliana nazo.

Katika mkutano wetu wa cluster wa mweziwasaba 2014, tulifunzwa kupitia baadhi yawanacluster wetu kuongeza thamani ya vyakulavyetu. Hili lilihusu kuongeza mihogo thamani kwakupika chapatti zilizo tamu na zenye virutubishovingi.

Zifuatazo ni hatua na viungo vya kuandaavyakula mbali mbali vya mihogo:

Mchanganyiko:ü Unga wa mihogo ü Unga wa nganoü Baking powder ü Mafutaü Ndengu ü Muhogoü Chumvi ü Majiü Chungu cha kuchemsha majiü Sufuria ü Kikarangioü Kiberiti

Jinsi ya kuandaa chapati za mihogo:1) Chukua gilasi mbili za unga wa mihogo na gilasi

tatu za unga wa ngano2) Changanya vizuri katika bakuli3) Ongeza chumvi kwa maji ili kutia ladha

4) Ongeza maji kwa unga hadi uchanganyikevizuri

5) Ukiwa tayari kupika chapati zako pika kamaza kawaida

6) Tayarisha moto na uweke kikaangio motoniili kupika chapati

7) Zikiwa tayari, ziweke katika bakuli

Jinsi ya kuandaa mandazi ya mihogo:1) Pima gilasi mbili za unga wa mihogo na gilasi

tatu za unga wa ngano2) Halafu, ongeza vijiko viwili vya unga wa kuoka

(hamira)3) Changanya vizuri katika bakuli4) Chukua maji na chumvi na uchanganyie katika

bakuli nyingine5) Ongeza maji hadi uchanganyike vizuri6) Tayarisha moto na uweke sufuria jikoni, halafu

uongeze mafuta.7) Yanapokuwa tayari kaanga8) Tangeneza mandazi kwa ukubwa na mapishi

ya kawaida9) Yakiwa tayari, yaweke katika bakuli yakingoja

kuliwa.

Jinsi ya kuandaa chapati za ndengu:1) Chagua ndengu na uzitie katika chungu

chenye maji yanayochemka2) Chemsha hadi zipikwe vizuri

Cluster ya Ntharagwene Cluster: Mpya yazaliwakatika eneo la TIST la Ntugi.

Cluster ya Kamweyendei: Kuja kwetu pamojakatika mikutano ya kila mwezi ya TIST hutusaidia

kusoma na kushiriki mawazo mapya.

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Kuandaa chapati za mihogo

3) Zibonde ndengu hadi zikupe supu yenyerangi ya kijani

4) Zichuje ndengu ili hupate supu ikiwa pekeyake

5) Ongeza chumvi kwa supu hii6) Ongeza gilasi tatu za unga wa ngano7) Changanya vizuri8) Weka kikaangio jikoni na uzikaange chapati

zako9) Pika kama unazopika chapati za kawaida10) Zikiwa tayari, ziweke katika bakuli, zikiwa

tayari kuliwa

Jinsi ya kuandaa chips za mihogo:1) Chukua mihogo isiyopikwa2) Toa ngozi ya nje na pia kipande cha kati kati3) Kata mihogo view vipande vidogo dogo na

uoshe vizuri4) Mwaga maji5) Tayarisha kikaangio chako

Kama ilivyotolewa katika The Organic Farmer( http://www.theorganicfarmer.org/profile/2) na JürgenGriesbach, 2005: Avocado growing in Kenya. ICRAF(World Agroforestry Centre), Nairobi, Kenya.

Avocado ni tunda lenye umuhimu la biasharaKenya katika masoko ya hapa na pia ya nje.Kuna aina tatu za miti ya avocado ambayo hufaakatika miinuko tofauti. Angalia ni aina zipi za avo-cado hufanya vizuri zaidi katika hali maalum zakwako. Kutumia mbegu au miti ya kupandikizwakutoka kwa miti iliyopo tulipo na pia kutoka katikavitalu vilivyopo katika maeneo tulipo yenye afyana mikubwa hupendekezwa, kwani miti hii itakuwana uwezekano mkubwa wa kufanya vizuri katikaeneo hilo.

Uzlishaji wa miche.Mbegu hutolewa kwa miti iliyo na afya na kwamatunda yaliyo na afya na yaliyokomaa. Mbeguzilizochukuliwa na kusafishwa zaweza kuloweshwakatika maji yenye dawa ya kukabili vimelea halafuzipandwe katika matandiko ya vitalu au katikamifuko ya nailoni iliyotobolewa. Kivuli ni muhimukwa ukuaji. Miche iliyo katika vitalu inapofikishaurefu wa centimita ishirini na kuwa na jozi mbili zamajani yaliyokomaa vizuri, hung’olewa, kubebwa nakupandwa katika mikebe.Upandikizi waweza kupandwa baada ya miezi sita.Miti iliyopandikizwa huwa mifupi zaidi na huanzahuzalisha maua mapema zaidi (miaka mitatu au minebaada ya kupandwa shambani) ya micheiliyopandikizwa. Miti hiyo midogo itakuwa tayari

kuhamishiwa shambani miezi mitatu au mine baadaya kupandikizwa.

Upanzi wa miti.Udongo wafaa kuwa wenye kina kirefu, rutuba nahewa tosha. Miti ya avocado haipendelei udongousio lowa haraka na wenye uzito. Wakati mwafakazaidi wa kupanda ni mwanzoni mwa msimu wamvua. Nafasi kati ya miti yafaa kuwa mita sita kufikakumi, kulingana na rutuba ya udongo, hali ya hewa,na aina. Mashimo ya kupanda huchimbwa sana sanayakiwa na upana wa fiti mbili na kina cha fiti mbili,hakikisha umevunja udongo ulioshikamana na kuwamgumu ili kuruhusu maji kulowa vizuri na kuruhusumizizi kukua bila ya usumbufu. Udongo uliotolewawaweza kuchanganywa na mbolea, mbolea yamimea au madini ya phosphate ikiwa yapo. Pandamiche kwa utaratibu bila ya kuumiza mizizi katikakina kimoja kama ilivyokuwa katika mikebe. Jengabonde kutokana na udongo likizunguka mti ilikupata maji zaidi na kushika maji.Baada ya kupanda, miche yafaa kutiliwa maji papohapo. Tumia lita tano hadi ishirini za maji kulinganana ukubwa wa mche. Waweza kufunikia udongokwani ni faida kwa sababu hupunguza upotevu wamaji na kudhibiti ukuzi wa magugu. Kutia majikutatakikana mara kwa mara. Jambo linguine lenyeumuhimu ni kulinda kila mche kutokana na mifugona wanyama pori.

Kutilia mitunda maji. Kunyunyuzia maji ni muhimu katika hatua nyingiza ukuzi wa mti na uzalishaji wa matunda. Katika

TIST: Avocado zaweza kukupa mapato mazuri.

6) Weka mafuta na ungoje hadi yawe na joto jingitayari kukaanga

7) Weka vipande vyako vya mihogo kwa mafutahadi vipikike vizuri

8) Ikishakuwa tayari, weka katika bakuli ikingojakuliwa

6KISWAHILI VERSION

miezi ya kwanza ya kujishikilia, na pia katika miakaya kwanza ya ukuzi, miti lazima iangaliwe kila baadaya wakati mfupi na itiliwe maji inapoonyesha alamaza kuhitaji maji. Miti ya avocado huwa na mizizimirefu, lakini kulingana na hali ya hewa yawezakuhitaji kuongezwa maji sana sana wakati wakiangazi ukiongezeka. Wakati wa kupata maua,matunda kuanza kutokeza na matunda kukomaa,maji tosha ni muhimu ili matunda yakomae vizuri.

Mbolea. Ili upate uzalishaji mzuri, ina faida kusaidia miti yaavocado kwa kutia mbolea kila baada ya wakatimfupi. Kilo kati ya tano hadi ishirini zawezakuwekewa kila mti kila mwaka. Kuwa mwangalifuna naitrojeni – huwa inaongeza ukuzi wa majanibali si wa maua, na mizizi ya avocado huharibiwana chumvi nyingi katika udongo. Phosphorus sanasana huhitajika pia, na potassium ni muhmu katikamiti iliyokomaa inayozaa matunda. Wadudu na magonjwa.Hatua za kuzuia ni muhimu kwa hivyo chagua mahalipanapofaa na palipo na rutuba, panda ukinafasishavizuri, chagua aina zilizo na afya zaidi, dhibiti magugu,funikia udongo, usirutubishe zaidi ya inavyohitajika,wekea maji yanapotakikana. Wadudu si shida kwauzalishaji wa avocado Kenya. Tumia vituvinavyotokana na Muarobaini, bidhaa za pareto namaji ya yephrosia na kadhalika dhidi ya wadudukama nondo, chiriku na magamba ikiwa uharibifuni kali.

Magonjwa yafuatayo yanaweza kuwa hatari:Avocado kuoza kwa mizizi: (a Phytophthorafungus disease) Miti huzalisha kwa uhaba, na inamajani chache zaidi, yaliyogeuka rangi na kuanzakukauka. Matawi huchmwa na jua na kufa, mizizihuoza na miti yote inakufa bila kukomaa. Mitiiliyoadhirika yafaa kung’olewa na kuharibiwa. Majiya moto na dawa ya wadudu ikitumika kwa mbeguzinazokuza miche hupendekezwa kama njia yakuzuia. Kuna kemikali mbili zilizothibitishwa dhidiya ugonjwa huu - Ridomil na Aliette.

Anthracnose: Matunda huwa na madoa yahudhurungi yaliyokakuka. Matunda machangayaweza kuanguka lakini katika yaliyokomaa zaidi,ugonjwa hujificha hadi tunda linapovunwa na kuiva.Sanasana, madawa ya wadudu yenye copperhutumika dhidi ya Anthracnose.

Cercospora fruit spot: Madoa madogo yenyerangi ya njano hutokeza kwa matunda na majani.Baaday hugeuka na kuwa hudhufungi na kuanzakuvunjika, nhivyo basi kurahisishia viumbe hai kazi

ya kushambulia matunda hayo. Ugonjwa huu piahudhibitiwa na dawa za wadudu za copper.

Kuanguka kwa matunda : Kuanguka kwamatunda si ugonjwa na huonekana sana katikamatunda ya aina nyingi. Miti huangusha matundayaliyozidisha na ambayo haitawezi kulisha hadi yafikeukomavu. Miti ya avocado huangusha matundayaliyozidi yakiwa na ukubwa wa kunde na mara yapili yakifikisha ukubwa wa yai.

Kuvuna avocado.Miti iliyopandikizwa huanza kupata maua na kuzaamatunda miaka mitatu au mine baada ya kupandwashambani.Vifuatavyo ni viashiria vya ukomavu unaokaribia:• Katika aina zilizo na rangi nzito, kuna

mabadiliko katika rangi kutoka kijani kuendanyeusi au zambarau

• Katika aina za kijani, mashina ya matundahugeuka njano, ngozi yaweza onekana ikimetameta kidogo zaidi, au madoa yanayofanana nakutu kuonekana katika mwisho wa matunda.

• Aina zingine huchukua rangi nyeupe.• Matunda yanayoelea juu yanapoingizwa majini

sana sana huwa yamekomaa.

Soko.Shughulikia avocado zote kwa utaratibu mkubwa!Masoko ya nje, sana sana ya uropa, yana mahitajimagumu sana ambayo wakulima wadogo huonayakiwa magumu sana kutimiza. Masoko ndani ya nchihayana ugumu huo mwingi lakini pia yana nimagumu kiasi. Kuweka au kutibu avocadozilizovunwa ni jambo lililo karibu kushindwakuwezekana. Wakulima wa avocado za kuuzahivyobasi, lazima wawe na ushirikiano wa karibusana na soko.

Aina za avocado:1. Hass na Fuertes: Aina hizi mbili hutumiwa

kama sehemu ya juu ya matundayaliyopandikizwa. Zinajulikana sana kwasababu ya mafuta mengi.

2. Puebla: Hutumika kama vipandikizi nawakulima wengi kwani hayana ufumwele nani sugu kwa magonjwa.

3. Singapore: Hii ni aina mpya inayokua harakana kufika ukomavu katika miezi kumi na nneau kumi na tano. Hupanda hadi urefu wa fitimbili.

4. G5 na G6: Aina hizi mbili hupendwa sanakwani zaweza kufanya vizuri katika nyanda zajuu na za chini. Zaweza kupandikizwa na ainazingine zote ili kuboresha tunda.

Wakulima wanashauriwa kununua miche kwawazalishaji wa miche waliothibitishwa




Not for sale


Kikamba Version


Ngwatanio ya Burimaria ya TIST yila maina umbano woo wa kila mwai. Ni twakwatie ndiviyitu mwai muthelu. Mwolooto witu ni kuvanda miti ingi mingi mbuani ino yukite.

TIST: Kuvulany’a na kuvandanisya mimea/maliu. Page 2

Ngwatanio ya Ntharagwene. Kana keu kasyaikite kuma kisioni kya Ntugi TIST.Page 4

Ngwatanio ya Kamwiyendei: Kukwatana kwitu mbumbanoni sya kila mwainitumite tumanyiany’a maundu maingi kivathukany’o na mawoni. Page 4

TIST: Mavokoto/Makolovea nimatonya ukunenga ueti museo. Page 5

Inside:

2KIKAMBA VERSION

Kuvandanisya nivala mithemba ili kanamingaingi ivanditwe vamwe ivulene mbuaniimwe. Kwa mithemba ila yaile ivokanyw’a

nitonya kuete useo kwa muthanga, kwongelangetha ona kuaa mitutu na mowau ula ukwataamimea yi muundani.Nima ya kuvandanisya/kivulany’o ni nzia ya kuvatamithemba kivathukany’o vamwe savali umweikethiwa na mbua imwe na no yithiwe yiyakuvandanisya miti na mimea/liu.Ikundi imwe sya aimi ma TIST nitatite nzia ino yivaanthi ila ninzeo kwa miunda ila mivauuku (yinaitheeo).1. Mukululo /laini wa mbee ni kwisa levu/mutau

wina uliku wa 18cm na uthathau wa 18cm.2. Ususya levu/mutau uyu na vuu wa yiima.3. Vanda manga na maluu ivulene.4. Mukululo/laini ula uatiie vanda kasio kena

uthathau wa itambya mbemba uitumia nima yakusuvia vala wisaa maima mauvanda.

5. Laini ungi wa manga na maluu.6. Laini ungi wa mbemba.

Nzia ino itumiaa nzia imwe kati wa ilatwimanyiitwye sya nima ya kivulany’o na itumiaavuu wa yiima na nimaya kusuvia

• Tata nzia ingi ya kuvanda mbemba na laini syamiti. Ikundi imwe nitatite kwa kuvanda mbembana miti ta Moringa/Yello cassia/Leuvaenia/Beadtree.

• Laingi sya muvya muvandwa katikati wa miti yaMoringa kana Leucaenia

• Tata uvulany’a maiu na Callliandra, Calliandra namboso, calliandra na mbemba, mbemba namboso, mboso na leucaenia, mboso na maiu,mboso na kaawa kekanini.

• Tata kuvulany’a nthooko na mbembakana muvyakana mwee.

Tatithya na myanya wone nikiva kiika nesa nauitavwa tist kila woona na wamanya.

Kuvanda uivinduany’a mivai kivathukany’okisioni kimwe

Kuvanda uivinduany’a ni undu ukuanasya valawiivandite ithiwa unavandite mbemba mbua mbitu

kisioni kii mbua ino uivanda mboso. Ve nzia ilaiatiiawa ukethia niwavanda mimea kuma mivainikivathukany’o ya mimea. Kii nikitethasya muthangamuno ona muimi nundu muthanga nukwataa unouna vaita kivathukany’o kuma mimeanikivathukany’o ya mivai kivathukany’o nundu mii yamimea kivathukany’o nitumaa mimea yosa liu kumamuthangani kwa uliku kivathakany’o. Kii inginikitumaa muthanga ulekany’a nundu mii yithiawana uliku kivathikany’o na kuete utethyo kwa tusamutula twikalaa muthangani na kutuma onatwongeleka.

Kukwata vaita wa nima ino ya kuvinduany’akwa mithamba na mivai kivathukany’o nonginya kilaivinda uuvanda. Kitumi nundu muvai umweniwendeeasya kiinyu na mitutu imwe na uwauumwe ndi wavinduany’a mivai ethiwa ve uwau kanamitutu inai inambiia kulika muvaini ula unavanditenuvikiiiaa na kuthela nakulea kwikinyia muthangani.

Vaa ve mithemba ya mivai kivathukanyo yamimea. Mimea ya muvai umwe ndyaile uvandwavandu vamwe mbua siatianie. Lilkana uvulkany’e nauikuany’a. Ikundi sya mivai kithukany’o nita:-Kikundi 1. Cucumber, Ikuu, malenge, Mongu,

matikitiki (gourd Family).Kikundi 2. Broccoli, Brussel Sprouts, Makavisi,

Couliflower, collards, sukuma, radish,turnip, mustartd, watercress (Crucifer/Brassica family).

Kikundi 3. Eggplant, matulu, manyanya, maluu(Solanaceous family)

Kikundi 4. Lettuce, artichoke (Aster family)Kikundi 5. Mbemba, musele, muvya, ngani,

museleku, barley, wimbi (grains andcereals family)

Kikundi 6. Mboso, mivai ya mbiisi,nzuu, (legumefamily)

kikundi 7. Saumu, Leek, kitunguu, chives (Alliumfamily)

Kikundi 8. Kalati, celery, dill, parsnip, parsley(carrot family)

Kikundi 9. Manga, makwasi, ikwa, water chestnut,taro (root crop family)

Kikundi 10. Vamba okra (Mallow family)

Ethiwa walany’o uu wivaa iulu winavinya kuuelewanusyokete ukailwa ukoka ikundi sya mithemba itanovandu va ikumi ila ni waile ukuany’a kila mbuakwianana na walany’o wa (kisomo kya Infornet-biovision Website)a) Mivai ya matu (sukuma, sivinakyi, broccoli,

makovisi etc) Nundu niyendaa liu mwingi kwimivai ingi.

b) Mimea mithemba ya mitunda (matulu, eggplant,ndulu, manyanya naingi mbingi) nisyendaa unou

TIST: Kuvulany’a na kuvandanisya mimea/maliu.

3KIKAMBA VERSION





Alley cropping

Kuvanda uatiie milaini

wa muthanga o kiasi lakini ti mwingi ta wamimea ya matu.

c) Mimea ya mii ( kalati, betroots, maluu,kitunguu, radishes, turnips, makwasi, manga)nimendaa liu munini kuma muthanganimasianiw’a na mimea ya matu.

d) Mimea muthemba wa mavoso (mboso, mbiisi,ndengu, thooko, nzuu na ingi mbingi.nisyithiawa na useo ungi nundu nisyongelaamuthanga unou wa nitrogen.

e) Mimea muthemba wa cerials ( mbemba, uimbi,mweee, muvya, uimbi na ingi mbingi).

Kya usisya ni:-Tata uvandanisye mbemba na nzuukaranga

mbua ya mbee na mbua iatiie uivanda muvya. Tatauvande nzuu karanga mbua na uivulanya ni muvaimuthemba wa mavoso ta ilaa(sunflower) na kanamaluumbua ya keli.

Kingi kiseo kya utata ni kuvanda mbembaiatiiwe ni muthemba wa mavoso ta soybeans kananzuu kalanga. Na mbua ila iatiie uivanda muvai ungiwa uete mbesa ta vamba.

Tata ingi kwa kueka muunda uteuima kanakuithya vandu va ilungu ya mwaka na indi uisyokauvande myaka ta 3 - 5 mbee wa kueka ingi kwaivinda o yamwaka. Kii nikiunenga muthanga ivindaya kwitungiania na kutunga unoi. No wikiekitwethya vau utekuima ethiwa wina indo.

Kwavamwe nikana niwaile uvanda muthembawa mavosvo mbee wa kuvanda mbemba kuvandamumea kuma muvaini wa Brassica kana makovisimbee na itina wa kumya muvai wa solanaceaous(egmanyanya) ni usiiia uwau ula withiawa makovisinina miini witawa nematodes na mbaa.

Vaa itheo ve kieleelo kya undu wa ukuanyamivai kivathukany’o kuma kwa infornet-Biovision.Vaa vosetwe ngelekany’o ya muunda wina vulotiinya kana levu inya ila ikukua ivinda ya mbua inyakila mbua yina myai ina.

Mbua yambeeLevu 1: Bemba/kitunguu saumu/kitunguu/kana

leeksLevu 2. Eggplant/chilies/maluu/na manyanyaLevu 3. Broccoli/Ikovisi/Cuuliflower / na sukumaLevu 4. Mboso/Nzuu/Ndengu/ mbiisi

Mbua ya keliLevu 1: Mboso/Nzuu/Ndengu/ mbiisiLevu 2. Broccoli/Ikovisi/Cuuliflower / na sukumaLevu 3. Eggplant/chilies/maluu/na manyanyaLevu 4. Mbemba/kitunguu saumu/kitunguu/kana

leeks

Mbua ya katatuLevu 1: Broccoli/Ikovisi/Cuuliflower / na sukumaLevu 2. Mboso/Nzuu/Ndengu/ mbiisiLevu 3. mbemba/kitunguu saumu/kitunguu/kana

leeksLevu 4. Eggplant/chilies/maluu/na manyanya

Mbua ya kanaLevu 1. Eggplant/chilies/maluu/na manyanyaLevu 2. mbemba/kitunguu saumu/kitunguu/kana

leeksLevu 3. Mboso/Nzuu/Ndengu/ mbiisiLevu 4. Broccoli/Ikovisi/Cuuliflower / na sukuma

4KIKAMBA VERSION

Ene ma ngwatanio ya Ntharagwene me kivuioni kyoo mwaimuthelu.

Ithyi ene ma ntharagwene twina utanukuweta na undu tuendee kuma tasyaukakuma ngwatanioni ya Kiirua

mwambiioni wa mwaka uyu. Kwayunotwasye twina kivuio kina miti mbee wangili ikumi. ila ikwithiwa yongeleela ilatwinayo yi 27,288 miti yivo.

Kuvika umuthi twina tukundi tungi31 ovala nituendee na umanyisya angi mokatulikane. Nitwithiawa nao wakila mwai valatumbaniaa kanisani wa AIPCEA kila wakeliwa kila kyumwa kya mwiso wamwaiKwandaia kwatiania naitu kwa kukavala tukumbania tuendee na kwailyamwikalile wittu na mawithyululuko maitu.

Woni wa kukomanaa kila mwainututethetye vanene nundunituolelaniaa umanyi na mawoni. Ingi

mathayu maitu nimethiawa na uthaliku nundutwakomana nituneenaniasya maundu kivathukany’ona mauito ala tukomanite namo kana twinamomathayuni maitu na tuyithiwa tutonya ukwatausungia kwa vamwe nundu kila mundu ena woniwake iulu w amaito kivathukany’o.

Yila tunai na umbano wa July 2014nitwamanyiiw’e ni amwe maitu undu wa kwongelaliu useo tuitumia maliu maitu. Ngelekany’okwongela manga useo a kwa kuua kyavati kinamanga kila kina useo kwa mwii na kimuyo.

Vaa ve matambya ma kuua kyavati kya manga.

Kila ukwendaü mutu wa manga ü Mutu wa nganuü Mbota ya kuua ü Mauta ma kuuaü Ndengu ü Yanga yithiü Muyu ü Kiw’uü Mbisu ü Isiliaü Kikaangi ü Kiliviti

Undu wa kuua kyavati cha manga1. Osa ngilasi ili sya mutu wa manga vulany’a na

ngilasi itatu sya mutu wa nganu.

2. Vulanya nesa3. Osa kiw’u uvulany’e na munyu kiasi kila

ukwenda4. Ongela kiw’u ula mutuni waku muvulany’e

mbaka ulikanen nesa.5. Kima undu ukimaa mutu wa nganu wiw’oka

na uyiua undu uuaa o kyavati kya kawaita.6. Nzeuvya maki na uyiliila kikaangi na uyiua

kyavati7. Ua wikiite mbakulini yina nguniko.

Mandasi ma manga1. Mutu wa manga ngilasi 2 + ngilasi 3 sya mutu

wa nganu2. Ongela tusiko twili tusie mbota ya kuua3. Vulany’a nesa4. Osa kiw’u uvulany’e na munyu mbaka kiasi kila

ukwwenda5. Vulany’a kiw’u na mutu oundu uvulanasya tene

uyiua mandasi6. Akany’a mwaki noyiliila kalai ka mandasi kana

isilia yina mauta.7. Eteela mavyuve kiasi kya kuua8. Kanda mutu waku na uitilanga ilungu sianiie

undu ukwenda mandasi meana. Ua undu uaamandasi.

9. Mamina uvya ikia mbakulini na uyivua

Ngwatanio ya Ntharagwene. Kana keu kasyaikitekuma kisioni kya Ntugi TIST.

Ngwatanio ya Kamwiyendei: Kukwatana kwitumbumbanoni sya kila mwai nitumite tumanyiany’a

maundu maingi kivathukany’o na mawoni.

5KIKAMBA VERSION

Andu ma ngwatanio ino ya Kamwiyendeimayiua kyavati kya manga

Undu wa kuua kyavati sya ndengu1. Nyuva ndengu noyikia iko utheukye ivye.2. Ua ivye vyu.3. Kima ndengu syaku itwike suvu wa ngilini4. Sunga wumy’e usuvu5. Ongela munyu usuvuni6. Ongela ngilasi itatu sya mutu wa nganu7. Vulany’a nesa8. Iliila kikaangi mwakini na uyiua kyavati syaku9. Ua undu uuaa kyavati kya nganu they10. Syavya ikia mbakulini weteele kwivua.

Undu wa useuvya chips cha manga1. Osa yanga yinthi2. Sua na uyimya muti wa kati3. Tilanga ilungu ta sya chips na uithambya4. Ita kiw’u5. Iliila kikaangi mwakini

Uvoo uuni kuma kwa The Organic Farmer

(www.theorganicfarmer.org/profile 2) na Jurgen

griesbach, 2005:

Mavakato ala mameaa Kenya . ICREF (World

Agroforestry Centre), Nairobi, Kenya.

Makolovea ni Itutnda yivata muno Kenya

kwa utandithya wa kenya na nthi sya nza.

Ve mithemba itatu ya makolovea ila yikaa nesa

isioni kivathukany’o. Sisya ni muthemba wiva wikaa

nesa kisionikyaku. Uitumia mbindi kana miti

misikany’e kuma ikoloveani sya kisio kiu na ingi

kuma vandu vangi syikwika nesanga nundu miti ila

imeteete kisioni kiu niyikaa nesa muno kwi muti

wa kuete.

Undu wa useuvya mbeu.

Mbindi nikolanaw’a kuma itini ila itena uwau na

nzeo. Mbindi ithi no siindwe ndawani kuola fungi

na ivaandwa kivuioni kana mikeveni ona kana

mathanguni ma nailoni mena maima. Muunyi

niwavata kwa kumea. Mamina umea mena uasa wa

20cm kana mena matu eli meanu nesa niw’o

makuawa na kutwawa kuvandwa vala maile. ingi

kusingawa nikwikawa itinia wa myai thathatu.

Makolovea ma usingany’a nimasyaa tene (itina wa

myaka 3-4 itina wa kuvanda kithekani vala yaile)

kwi ala mataasinganw’a. Itina wa kusinganya nutwaa

muundani itina wa myai itatu kana ina.

Kuvanda miti na kwikinyia kwayo.

Muthanga nonginya withiwe wi muliku, munou na

wina nzeve nesa/ulekanitye. Makolovea

manyendete muthanga uteutwaa kiw’u na

mayumiiasya munyu kana kiw’u kina asiti. Ivinda iseo

ya uvanda mikolovea ni mbua iyambiia na

uyiikiithyya yina utaaniu wa matambya 6 kana ikumi

kwinana na unou wa muthnga, nzeve na muthemba.

Maima ma kuvanda nimethiawa na uliku wa viti ili

na uthathau o wa viti ili. Ethiwa yiima niyooma

isanga muthanga ulekany’e nikana kiw’u kitonye

uthi. Muthanga ula waumya uyisa maima aya no

utumie kuvulanya na vuu uvanda miti ino. vanda ute

kwana nga mii ya miti ino na uliku oula wiinaw’o

kivuioni. seuvya katindio ungu wa kamuti utumia

muthanga nikana withie ona wangithye kiw’u

nikiutuumana. Itina wa kuvanda ngithya. tumia lita

5-20 kwianana na undu muti wiana. Nouvwike ungu

wa muti uuyyu na mavuti kiw’u kieke uny’aa na

mituki. ethiwa kuna mbua nonginya ungithye kwa

ivinda na uisuvia indo kana nyamu sya kitheka

kwanga miti ino.

Kungithya Miti ya matunda

Kungithye ni kuseo kwia nana na muti undu wianite.

mbee mwai yambee wavanda, na itina mwaka

6. Ikia mauta na uyeteela mavyuve nikana mauenesa

7. Iikia tulungu twaku twa manga na uyiua nginyamavye

8. Mamina kuvya ikia mbakulini na uyivua muye.

TIST: Mavokoto/Makolovea nimatonya ukunengaueti museo.

6KIKAMBA VERSION

wambee mbee wa muti uyuu utanamba kwikinyia.

Miti niyaile usiw’a kaingi na kungithw’a na kusiw’a

kana niyithiwa na wonany’o wa kwenda kiw’u.

Ikolovea nisyithiawa na mwii muasa wa kiw’u

kwinana na nzeve ya kisio munamuno yila kwina

munyao niwaile ungithya. Yila miti yina malaa,

matunda kwikika na kwina miti ino niyendaa kiw’u

kianu.

Mbolea /Vuu

Muti wa kikolovea niwendaa kwikala uyikiwa vuu

ta wa kilo 5 kuvika 20 kwa kila muti kila mwaka.

Syisya nitrogen yongelaa matu no ti matunda na ingi

mii ya kivokoto nimenanite na munyu. Phosphorus

na potassium nisyavata kwa muti kuima ula ukusyaa

matunda.

Mitutu na mowau al;a makwataa ikolovea

Kusiia kwithiawa kwa vata muno. Ni useo kusisya

vandu vanou, ikiithya utaniu mwailu wivo, vanda

mivai ila miseo na kisio kyaku, ndukaeke yiia (imia)

ndukekie vuu mwingi. Na ingi mitutu I thina munene

kwa makolovea nthini wa Kenya. tumia syindu sya

neem kuiita matunda maku na kuaa tumitutu.

Mowau aya nomethiwe muisyo kwa

mikolovea yaku Kwoa kwa mii (Phytophthora

fungus disease) Miti yithiawa na usyao munini na

matu mate maingi na mauluku mavovu. Ngava

nisyumaa. mii niyoaa na muti uyuma. miti ila yina

uwau uyu niyaile ukuwa na kwanangwa. Kiw’u kivyu

niw’o muiito na ndawa sya fungucide kuiita mbeu

kwoondu wa kusiia uwau uyu. Ve ndawa ili undu

wa uwau uyu ila ni:- Ridomil na Aliette

Anthrocnose: Matunda/Makolovea kumesya

ikonde ya muthanga, kuma, kwitika matunda

memanini na kwa itunda iviku ona uwau withiawa

wivithite two nekaa muvaka yikew’e niw’o uwonaa.

Ingi vaa ndawa ya uwau uu ni Cooper based

fungicides nitumiawa kuiita Anthracnose.

Cercospora Fruit Sport. Kaa ni kasio kaniini ka

yelo kakwataa itunda kana matu utethia no

matonatone. itina nimekalaa muthanga na mayatuka

na makatuma mowau angi makwata itunda yiu.

Uwau uyu onaw’o uitawa na Copper based

fungicide.

Kuvaluka kwa matunda: uu ti uwa na niundu

withiawa na mithemba ingi ya miiti ya mitunda. Miti

nivalukasya matunda ala ikwiw;a itetonya kuea

mavike memanii na meananga weethia meana

itumbi.

Kuketha makolovea

Miti ya usikanya yambiia usya yina myaka 3 kana 4

itina wa kuvandwa.

Ve mawonany’o muti uyu kana makolovea ni

maviku na nimekwenda kwiw’a

• Ala maiu nimavinduaa langu kuma ngilini makaia

kana makekala puple

• Ala ma ngilini tukome tula tumakwatiie twikalaa

yelo na ikonye yiieka umetameta kana muthya

ikekala ta wina nganga.

• Mithemba ingi niyikalaa ta yeeuva

• Matunda ala mathambalalaa maindwa kiw’uni

methiawa me maviku.

Ndunyu/Soko

Kwata makolovea nesa usuviite! Soko sya nza ta

European market syithiawa na ulumu muvyu undu

wa useo wa itunda yila mekwenda. ula ni vinya kwa

aimi anini kuvikia. Soko sya vaa kenya iithina muno

nundu makolovea kaingi makothaa uvika othe

iimwe kwoou aimi uyithia maina kwata vaita nesa

mata. Ni undu muito kwa imi kwia makolovea kwa

ivinda iasa. Kwoou ala maimaa na kuvanda makato/

makolovea kwa undu wa utandithya nimaile

ukwatanw’a na aimi anini kwoondu wa soko wina

vaita kwa muimi.

Mithemba ya mikolovea ila yi kenya

1. Hass and Fuertes. Mithemba ino ili

nitumikaa kwa kusikany’a nundu yithiawa na

mauta maingi.

2. Puebla: Niyendekente nbi aimi aingi nundu

ndiwaangaa na ndithiawa na ndii

3. Singapore: Kikolovea muthemba uu wianaa

mituki na uvikiaa kusyaa wina myai 14 kana 15

na withiwa na uasa wa viti ili

4. G5 na G6: Mithemba ino ili nimiseo nundu

niyikaa nesa isioni syothe na niyendekete ni

aimi nundu ona nisinganaw’a na mivai ingi na

ikeka nesa.

Aimi mekulw’a maue mbeu kwa nduka ila

mbitikilya.




Not for sale


Kipsigis Version


Burimaria TIST Cluster during their monthly meeting. We received tree payments lastmonth. Our goal is to plant more trees in the coming rainy season.

TIST: Koyometab minet chebo minutik. Page 2

Ntharagwene kilasta; kilasta ne lel nemiten ntugi TIST region. Page 4

Kamweyendei kilasta: en kotuye nyon kila arawa ko kigotesach en bcheetabkobwotutik. Page 4

TIST: Konu avacado melekwek. Page 5

Inside:

2KIPSIGIS VERSION

Koyometab minutik chesire oeng en imbar

anan kochechang en kasarta agenge niton

kotoreti kotes timuwek kotesin

ngungunyek kisich okwointo ak kongem suswe ak

miyonuek.

Koyometab minutik komoe kole minetab

rurutik chebesiotin en kasarta nenin kobo menetab

ketik kou alley cropping miten anyun temik chebo

TIST chekigoyom en tulonok.

1. En lainit netai kebole 18cm orit ak tebesinto

2. Kinte keturek

3. Kemin mogoak biasinik kosibngei

4. Lainit nebo oeng komin bandek 1m

5. Lainit ne isibu keminchi mogo ak biasinik

6. Lainit neisibu kemin bandek . E.t.c

Kigeboisien oraniton mising amun kigenyoru

konetisiet kou koyometab minutik koboisien

keturek imbaret ne makibat

• Yumten bandek ak ketik en lainitab kiyomta

kurubisiek alak 3m chebo bandekak moringa

/yellowcassia /eucaenia/bead tree.

• Lainitab mosoniking ak moringa ak leucaenia.

• Koyometab calliandra ak indisinik ,calliandra

ak ngatek calliandra ak bandek, bandek ak

ngeutek, ngeudek ak leucaenia ngendek ak

indisinik ngedek ak kawek [komenge chen]

• Koyometab cowpea ak bandek /songhum /bek.

Yomten tuguchu asi inyoru wolutik ak imwochi TIST.

Kibwate nebo waletab minutik.

Noton anyun kominetab minutik cheter chin en

imbaret ne agenge en kasarta neter kararan mising

noton amun igochin imbaret kouyon okwoiyet

amun minutik alak kotinye tigitik.

Chebenti kwony mising konyoru omitwogik

Chemoten kwony, nyorunen kotik che miten

ngungunyek kotesak amun bosbus ngungunyek

Miten cuyun keiunet neo yon kagimin rurutik che

besiolin en imbar amun agotkemin minutiet ne

agege ko nyunmnyum kenyor susutik ak miyonuek

ek minutik.

Che isibu ko minutik chemonyolu kemin

kosibgel en kasarta egenge

1.

Cucumber,gourd,pumpkin,sguashes,watermelon,gurd

famliy,

2. Broccoli, brussel sprouts, cabbage,

couliflowers, collard, kale radish, turnip mus-

tard, watereress (brassica family)

3. Eggplant, pepper, tommatoes, potatoi

(solanaceus)

4. Lettuce, artichoke (aster family)

5. Maize, rice, sorghum, wheat, cat, barley, millet,

(grain and cereals family)

6. Beans, and peas (legume family)

7. garlic, leak, onion, clive (allium family)

8. Carrot, celery, dill, parsnip, parsley (carrot fam-

ily).

9. Cassava, sweet potato, taro, yam, water chest

nut(root crop family).

10. Cotton, okra (mallow family).

A) Sogegab (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflowers, kale,

spinach atc) komoche missing omtuwokik

chechang kosir nkewe alak.

B) Logoek (chillies, eggplant, pepper, tomatoes)

komoche omituwoki chechang ago mogou,

che tinye sogek.

TIST: Koyometab minet chebo minutik.

3KIPSIGIS VERSION





Alley cropping

Alley cropping

C) Minutikab tigitik (carrot, beetroots, potatoes

onion, radishes, turnips etc) moche ichek

omituwogik che ngerin omoguu chebo logoek

anan chebo sogek.

D) Minutik kou (beans, chiek peas, cow peas, gram,

peas, pigeon peas etc) toreti koyomti

omituwogik en koristo ak kotesi ngungunyek

E) Minutik (bandaek, mosogik, ak beek).

Okibwat kabwatani

Yomten imin bandaek ak ichuguk en kenyit

agenge nebo imin mosonik min ichuguk kenyit

anenge nebo oeng imin legum, sunflower, potatoes

yomten bndaek agosib, legume kou soybeans or

groundnuts ne isibu imin kou cotton.

Yomten ibagach imbaret kenyit agenge

komagitem, yeisibu imin kenyisiek 3-5, niton

kogochin koret konyor omituwogik, kol napar agot

intinye tuguka.

Entugul isib imin minutik chebo tai kou

ngendek asi igote bandek, min minutik kou cabbage

(brassica family kou ye isibu imin family solana-

ceous) kou nyanyik.

Che isibu ko minutik che kigole kosibgei

yeibata age.

Minet netai:

Plot 1. Maize/garlic/onion/leeks

Plot 2. Eggplant/chillies/potato/tomato

Plot 3. Broccoli/cabbage/coulflower/kale

Plot 4. Beans/cowpeans/gram/peas

Koletab oeng:

Plot 1. Beans/cowpeans/gram/peas

Plot 2. Broccoli/cabbage/couliflower

Plot 3. Eggplant/chillies/potatos/tomotoes


Koletab somok:

Plot 1. Broccoli/cabbage/caouliflower

Plot 2. Beans.cowpeans/gram/peans


Plot 4. Eggplant/chillies/potomatos/tomatoes

Koletab angwan:

Plot 1. eggplant/chillies/potato/tomatoes


Plot 3. Beans/cowpees/gram/pees

Plot 4. Braccoli/cabbage/couliflower

4KIPSIGIS VERSION

Member of Ntharagwene Cluster at their tree nursery site

last month.

Eche bikab kilasta nebo

ntharagwene ko kiboiboi mising

amun kigemongunen kilasta nebo

kiirua en kenyini, kinye ketik chemegeche

chemiten kabeti che sire 10,000 ketesen

ketik che kigemin 27,288 che sobtos

En kilasta neyon ketinye kurubisien

31 ago kinye komongunet ketes

kurubisiek, en kila arawa ketinye tuiyet en

st. Patrick aipcea kasitab oeng obwan

ketesagen

Kigotoretech niton amun kinyorunen

konetisosiek, ye kichee koimutik che

sobenyony, en koyomenyon bo ge ko

kigenyoru konetisie agobo omituwogik keboisien

mogo (cassava)

ugu che kimoche

ü Cassaflows ü Wheat flours

ü Barking powder ü Cooking oil

ü Ngengu ü Raw cassava

ü Sailt ü Water

ü boiling pot ü Sufuria

ü Frying pan ü Match box

Kiyomdos kouni – chapatti.

1. Take two glasses of cassavaflour of three

glasses of wheatflour

2. Mix well in a bowl

3. Take water and mix, salt to taste

4. Add water flour it is mixed well

5. When ready to cook your chapathi as well as

we normally do

6. Prepare the fire and put the pan in the fire

prepare your chapathi

7. When ready put cooced in adish

Cassava mandazi.

1. Two glasses of cassava flour plus three glasses

wheat

2. Add two spoonful of banking powder

3. Mix well in a bawl

4. Take water and salt and mix in another bowl

5. Add water until it is mixed

6. Prepare your fire and put sufuria in the fire,

after that add fat

7. When it is redy to deep fry

8. Prepare mandazi sises and cook like normally

mandazi

9. When ready, put your mandazi it adish ready

to be served

Nglengu chapathi.

1. Select ndegu and put in a boiling pot ready to

boil

2. Boil until it is well cooked

3. Smash your ndegu to give the soup agreen

color

4. Filter ndegu to have the soup separate

Ntharagwene kilasta; kilasta ne lel nemiten ntugiTIST region.

Kamweyendei kilasta: en kotuye nyon kila arawako kigotesach en bcheetab kobwotutik.

5KIPSIGIS VERSION

Preparing Cassava Chapattis.

As extracted from The Organic Farmer (http://www.theorganicfarmer.org/profile/2) and JürgenGriesbach, 2005: Avocado growing in Kenya. ICRAF

(World Agroforestry Centre), Nairobi, Kenya.

Bokomut avacado en kenya kipoisien en kaa

ago kararan en mungaret kiyokto koba

bitonin.

Miten anyun ketik smogu chegororon che

nomege ak ole menet .boisien tenterek anan ko

avacado ne kiginamsi koyop ketik che kororonen

ana ko inyorunen kabetisiek chenegiten en inye.

Ole kinyor chin tenterek.

Kinyorunen ketik chekororonen ogo che

kigogongio.

Logoek.kiiume ak kibit en betit anan ko en

muturaisiek ak keur en roboruo asi kogochi

kobityo. Yon kagibit en kwony kegonye ye kait

kointab 20cm kitut ak kinte mutura kotinye itik

oeng.robet kerobe kobo orowek 100. Tebiye

kenyisiek [3-4] asi kosich tobtok yekagemin

kotagomi kabeti kotore orowek somok kot koit

angwan.

Minetab ketik ak ribet.

Nyolchin ole miten ngungunyek che

kororon che tinye okwoindo.momoche ole menet

neu mising,ole tononen beek che tinye munyek

chechang.kararan ingemin en kasarta nebo

kanametab robta.en kokwoutik komoche 6cm ak

10cm kotiyenge oleu emet [soin anan embwen]

.keringet koibe 2ft ak 2ft kwo kwony, ker ile keiste

mugugugik asi kochomchi tigitik koba orit ketesin

keture asi komuchi ketit konyor omitwogik en oret

ne nyumnyum.

Ye kaimin ingonyor beek. Ingonyor 5-20

litres chebo beek kotiny e gei kiit neten ketit.ye

kemin ketit iur kel asi kour tigitik ak kogochi beek

koteben keringet nebo let ko ngerib komaus tuga

anan ko tiony.

5. Add salt to the soup

6. Add three glasses of wheatflours

7. Mix well

8. Put the pan in the fire and fry your chapathi

9. Cook normal as done for normal chapathi

10. When ready, put it in dish ready to served

Cassava chips.

1. Take raw cassava.

2. Peel the outer cover of cassava and remove

the centre part.

3. Cut into chip shapes and wash well.

4. Drain the water.

5. Prepare your fire pan.

6. Put in the oil and wait until it is hot and

ready to deep fry

7. Put your cassava chip in the oil until it is

cooked.

TIST: Konu avacado melekwek.

6KIPSIGIS VERSION

Ka nagetab beek.

Bogomonut mising en keti beek en kasarta ne eetu

ak kasarta ne tegose ketit . Rigin anyun ketit asi

iguye sobenyin ak kinemoche en kasarta nenin.

Kotontoleiwek.

Ketit nebo avocado komoche mising konyor

kotontoleiwek en abagora. En kenyit komuche

konyor ketit agenge 5-20kg . Nitrogen kogochin

koet ketit ak sogek . Tigitik anyun kotinye kolewen

igochang munyuk en ngugunyek.

Susurik ak mionuek.

En teretab susurik komoche imbaret ne akwai

igochin kokowoutik cheyome, rib komanam timto

imbar amat in de keturek chechang kosir ,ak

konyor beek .motinye ketitab avocado emenyon

kewelnatet.

Mionuek che isubi ko chayach.

Nunetatab tigitik ;inyoru kotinye ketit sogek che

tuten che motinye iton .temenik kololiotin,ye testai

koyome en let koyam ketit ne tinye miondo

kengusu en imbar .miten anyun kerichek che

iyonotin che kimuche keriben miondo-ridomil anan

ko alietler

Anthracnose; inom e soge k kotuwegitun ak

konyor chen igosenik.logoitat ne m ingin komuche

kotormosgei ko yon koet logoyat kotebie agoi

korur ,kitere anyun copper base fungicide.

Cercospora fruit spot; mongui kotolelionit

logoiyayat ak sogek en kosernonit ak koter niton

koyochin susurikn kochut lo goiyat kiteren kora

copper based fungicide .

Fruit drop; niton ko momiondo baten bitu en

logoek chechang amun moyome omitwogik

koriben miten .

Keset ;avocado ne kiginam si kosib korure en

kasartab kenyisiek 3-4 yon kagemin.

• Miten koborunoik cheiboru yon koet; miten

walet en logoek magotet konyalit kot tuiit

• Nyone komegotinye logoiyat iton

• Inge torchi bek logoiyat ko moinisi

Ndonyo; temik che mengechen komoitin amun

tinye olik cheole mogutik chechang mising,

moitintos kururiyo tugul en kasarta ne agenge; ko

moitin temik konyor anan kowal koik tuguk alak

Ketik che nootin.

1. Hass ak fuartes- togunotin anan nootin amun

tinye muwanik che chang

2. Duebla; keti komotinye usisiek ago monomin

mindo

3. Singapore; kararan amun chogu en etune konge

kotinye orowek 14-15

4. G5 ak g6; keti kochang en ole miten robta ak

ole momiten kinomchitos ak ketik alak, asi

kenyor logoek chegororon

Temik ocheng ole omuche onyorunen ketik

cheyomokse.

not for sale mazingira bora - international small group ... · 9/9/2014 · published b y...

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