north america & montana pre-history early montana pre-historic peoples migration routes early...
TRANSCRIPT
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North America & North America & Montana Pre-HistoryMontana Pre-History
Early MontanaEarly Montana
Pre-Historic PeoplesPre-Historic Peoples
Migration RoutesMigration Routes
Early People of Present-Day MontanaEarly People of Present-Day Montana
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After the Dinosaurs Huge Mammals Roamed the After the Dinosaurs Huge Mammals Roamed the Americas….Americas….
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Large Pre-Historic AnimalsLarge Pre-Historic Animals
• Woolly mammoth• Mastodon• Steppe bison• Giant ground sloth• Giant beaver• North American horse • Camel• Saber Tooth Cat
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How & When did Humans How & When did Humans Arrive in the Americas?Arrive in the Americas?
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MigrationMigrationSS•Multiple migrations of pre-historic peoples from Asia
•12,000-30,000 years ago
•Land Bridge (Beringia)-original theory, most widely accepted
•Coastal Routes by sea -additional routes-recent research seems to confirm multiple routes
•Paleo-Indians/Clovis People
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BeringiaBeringia
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Land Land RoutesRoutes
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Siberia
North America
Land Bridge
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Coastal
Routes
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How do we know this stuff?How do we know this stuff?
• Archaeologists and geologists study layers or strata in the earth (bottom layers are older, top layers are newer)
• Radiocarbon dating (tests organic materials to determine age)
• DNA & Linguistics (compares DNA and languages to find connections between people in different parts of the world)
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SS
TT
RR
AA
TT
AA
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Creation StoriesCreation Stories• Each Indian tribe today has its own
creation story.
• Passed down through oral traditions
• Some call them legends or myths, but many tribal members believe in these creation stories like members of any other religion.
• Many tribes believe they were always here based on their creation stories.
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Who were the 1Who were the 1stst Americans? Americans?Where did they originate?Where did they originate?
• Differing theories
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Kennewick ManKennewick Man• Skeleton found near Kennewick,
Washington ½ buried in Columbia River bank
• Approx 9300 years old
• Unique (“Caucasian” features?)
• Umatilla Indian Tribe objected to examination of skeleton
• Indian Grave Repatriation Act
• Evidence links ancestry to Japan
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Family Resemblance?Family Resemblance?
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Movin’ to MontanaMovin’ to Montana
• Pre-Historic peoples arrived in MT about 12,000 years ago (10,000 B.C.)
• People were highly mobile and lived in small groups, which was better for hunting
• Followed herds of Mammoth• Before 1600 the only tribes to live in MT
were in the western mountains– Kootenai– Flathead or Salish
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Paleo-Indians or Clovis People
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Pre-Historic Indian AncestorsPre-Historic Indian Ancestors
• Paleo-Indian or Clovis people
• Hunter/Gatherers
• Named for shape they gave their spear points
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AtlatlAtlatl
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THE END