THE JAPANESE KANJI CHARACTER THAT MEANS “BUSY” COMES FROM…

Norito Kawakami, MD The University of Tokyo Presentation at a seminar of the World Development Report 2015 4 Feb., 2015

心亡 …LOSING ONE’S MIND.

He ignored me!

He must be busy…

Otsuchi town, Iwate, Japan, May 2011

STRESS CHANGES OUR COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE

STRESS COGNITIVE

PERFORMANCE

Risky choice

Poor set-shifting

Childhood stress

Overtime Work Stress

Virtanen M, et al. Am J Epidemiol 2009; Ohira et al. Neurosci 2011; Kawasaki et al. Soc Neurosci 2015.

Facts about mental health • 800,000 people die every year due to suicide

(WHO, 2014). The number was 1.5 times greater than that due to murder, 3 times greater than that due to war.

• Following back pain, depressive disorder is the 2nd cause of living with impairment (Murray et al., 2012).

• Mental disorders in early life causes 1% loss of gloss national product per year (Kawakami et al., 2012)

WHO. WHO methods and data sources for country-level causes of death 2000-2012, 2014; Murray et al. Lancet 2012; Kawakami et al. Biol Psychiatry 2012

Take home message

Mental health/well-

being

Health & productivity

Effective implemen-

tation of policy

Develop-ment

Mental health & well-being has a “dual effect” on sustainable development.

… and the development policy affects mental health & well-being.

3 keys for mental health & well-being

in development

• Providing education & training • Designing psychosocial support &

treatment for those with difficulties

• Improving social determinants

Six-week psychological e-training decreases a risk of depressive disorders (MDD). Imamura, Kawakami, et al. Psychological Medicine, 2015 9

In the intervention

group, 0.8% had MDD

In the control group, 3.9% had

MDD

Months since the baseline

Prop

ortio

n of

wor

ker r

emai

ning

hea

lthy

Education & training

Psychosocial support & treatment for those with difficulties

Community and family supports

Basic services and security

Focused, non-specialised

supports

Specialised services

The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) , 2007

The Pyramid for Mental and Psychosocial Support

Improving social determinants

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0Age-

adju

sted

suic

ide

rate

per

100

,000

Proportion of people who reported trust among their neighbors

MalesFemales

Okamoto et al. Environ Health Preventive Med 2012.

Social trust and suicide in the metropolitan Tokyo

Beddington et al. The mental wealth of nations. Nature 2008.

The UK Government Office “The Foresight Project on Mental Capital and Wellbeing”

Boosting brain power in young and old Early detection of mental disorders Learning throughout life Addressing needs for a changing workplace

Mental capital

AGE →

Mental Capital & Mental Well-being

Toward the Post-2015 Development Agenda Post MDGs: Open Working Group’s Draft Sustainable Development Goals Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages • 3.4 by 2030 reduce by one-third pre-mature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through prevention and treatment, and promote mental health and wellbeing Draft Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (HFA2)(will be adopted at UN WCDRR in March) Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response, and to Build Back Better in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction 31. To achieve this, it is necessary to: (o) Enhance recovery schemes to provide psychosocial support and mental health services for all people in need.