NCSUniversity System

A Project of NCS Education System

Tanveer TaraSenior Lecturer

Bachelor of Science in MLTMasters of Science in Hematology

Non Malignant Lymphocyte disorders.

Acquired and Conjenital

Acquired:Quntative in nature and self limited reactive process to infection or inflamatory conditions.Stimulated lymphocytes in infections and inflammatory

conditions are in various stages of activation.Changes:

Morphological changes,Lymphadenopathy

Splenomegaly…….

Acquired Quantitative disorders

• Lymphocytosis:• Increased lymphocytes ALC 4x109/L • Children 9x109/L• Peripheral Cells 60% to 80%.• Causes :• Infectious mononucleosis• Toxoplasmosis• Infectious Lymphocytosis• Bordetella• Lymphocytic Leukomoid Reactions.• Plasmacytosis

INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS

• Lymphoproliferative cause by EBV.• Effect young adults 14-24 yeear,• Children before 4 years of age.• Transmitted via Saliva ………• EBV receptors on lympo Cd21.• Lethargy ,headache ,fever ,chills ,sorethroat• Commonly known as Kissing disese.

Lab diagnosis

• Counts …high 12-25• Lymphocytes >50/%• Reactive lymphocytes• Plasmacytoids cells also present.• Paul Bunnel test.• Increased ALT, AST, and lactic acid

dehydrogenase levels in blood• Jaundice (occurs in about 5% of cases)

Infectiousmononucleosis

TOXOPLASMOSIS

• A disease caused by toxoplasmas, transmitted chiefly through undercooked meat, or in soil or cat feces.

• Symptoms generally pass unremarked in adults, but infection can be dangerous to unborn children.

• Cause Jaundice ,Hepatospleenomegaly, and mentale retardation.

Lab diagnosis

• Lymphocytosis• Reactive lymphocytes.• Eosinophilia• Thrombocytopenia• Toxoplasmosis titre is higher.

Infectious lymphocytosis

• Contagious disease of young children.• Etiology is completely unknown.• Symptoms: Mild diarrhea ,gastrointestinal distress, Respiratory infection,fever, Headache, vertigo, stiffness of neck. Pharyngitis ,lymphadenopathy.

Investigations.

• Hb• E S R• Rbc count• Platelets count.• Leucocytosis 40x109 or above • Lymphocytosis is higher in 1st week and fall in 3rd week..

Bordetella

• Bordetella pertusis• Lymphocytosis • TLC 15 TO 25X109/L

• Neutrophil is also increased.

• Rapid lymphocytosis is accompained with lymphnodes.

• Toxic changes may be present in granulocytes.

Leukemoid Reaction

• Reactive imature lymps• Lymphocytosis.• Condition resembles with CML.• Adenopathy ,splenomegaly are absent .• Patient are usally older adults.

• Whooping cough,chickenpox ,tuberculosis.

Lymphocytopenia

• A decrease in lymphocytes count • ADULTS:<1.5X109/L• Childrens:<2.0x109/L

• Decreased production or increase destruction.• Cortecosteriods my fall in lymphs.

Conditions associated

• Malnutration.• Acute inflamtory conditions.• Chronic infections.• Congenital immune deficiency disease.• Acute and chronic renal disease.• Stress.

AIDS

• Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.• HIV.• Transmission through sexual contact ,blood , or by blood products.• 17 million people have been infected. Decreased Lymphocyte's.

Test

• Test will be held on Tuesdays