nomenclatural and taxonomic novelties in senecio ser. corymbosi (asteraceae, senecioneae) from...
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Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Novelties in Senecio ser.Corymbosi (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) from Southern South AmericaAuthor(s): Mariana Gabriela López, Arturo Federico Wulff, Lidia Poggio and Cecilia CarmenXifredaSource: Novon, Vol. 20, No. 1 (March 2010), pp. 63-67Published by: Missouri Botanical Garden PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27765235 .
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Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Novelties in Senecio ser. Corymbosi (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) from Southern South America
Mariana Gabriela L?pez, Arturo Federico Wulff, and Lidia Poggio Laboratorio de Citogen?tica y Evoluci?n, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales,
Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabell?n 2, 4o piso, Int. G?iraldes 2620, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient?ficas y T?cnicas
(CONICET), Avda. Rivadavia 1917, CP C1033AAJ, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Cecilia Carmen Xifreda Comisi?n de Investigaciones Cient?ficas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA),
Laboratorio de Etnobot?nica y Bot?nica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 64 N? 3, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
Abstract. The new name, subseries Alcabrerae M.
G. L?pez, A. F. Wulff & Xifreda for Senecio L. ser.
Corymbosi (Cabrera) Cabrera, is here proposed to
replace Senecio subsect. Amplectentes Cabrera. Al
though the name Amplectentes was published at
different subgeneric ranks within the genus Senecio
(Asteraceae, Senecioneae), the use of the same epithet is considered homonymy according to the Interna
tional Code of Botanical Nomenclature, Article 53.4
and Article 21, Note 1. Additionally, S. saucensis
Cabrera, one of the five species belonging to Senecio
subser. Alcabrerae, is synonymized with S. toroanus
Cabrera, formerly assigned to Senecio ser. Hualtatini
DC, and S. toroanus is transferred to subseries
Alcabrerae. The micromorphology of the cypselae for
both species is provided, in support of the synonymy.
Resumen. El nuevo nombre para la subseries
Alcabrerae M. G. L?pez, A. F. Wulff & Xifreda de
Senecio L. ser. Corymbosi (Cabrera) Cabrera se
propone aqu? en reemplazo de Senecio subsect.
Amplectentes Cabrera. A pesar de que el mismo
nombre Amplectentes fue publicado en rangos sub
gen?ricos diferentes dentro del genero Senecio
(Asteraceae, Senecioneae), el uso del mismo ep?teto es considerado homonimia seg?n el C?digo Inter
nacional de Nomenclatura Bot?nica, Art?culo 53.4 y
Art?culo 21, Nota 1. Adem?s, S. saucensis Cabrera, una de las cinco especies pertenecientes a Senecio
subser. Alcabrerae se sinonimiza aqu? con S. toroanus
Cabrera, originalmente tratada bajo Senecio ser.
Hualtatini DC, y S. toroanus es aqu? transferida a
subser. Alcabrerae. Se aporta la micromorfolog?a de
las cipselas de ambas especies, reforzando la
sinonimizaci?n.
Key words: Argentina, Asteraceae, Chile, Sene
cio, ser. Corymbosi, subser. Amplectentes.
Multidisciplinary studies on Asteraceae have been
ongoing for several years on taxa from southern South
America, mainly of Argentine origin. New research
focusing on Senecio L. in the Senecioneae (L?pez,
2008) has revealed the nomenclatural illegitimacy and
taxonomic synonymy of representatives within Senecio
ser. Corymbosi (Cabrera) Cabrera (Cabrera, 1985;
Cabrera et al., 1999). The results presented here
include nomenclatural and taxonomic novelties at the
subserial and specific level within Senecio ser.
Corymbosi.
A New Name for Senecio subser. Amplectentes within
Series Corymbosi
The epithet Amplectentes denominated an infra
generic rank in the genus Senecio and was first used
by Greenman (1902) to delimit a distinctive group of
species with stems erect or ascending and leafy to the
inflorescences, pubescence usually of long jointed
hairs, amplexicaul stem leaves, and calyculate involucre. The name was validated by its description in the key (Greenman, 1902: 18). The epithet
Amplectentes was published by Greenman at the rank
of section and applied to 29 Senecio species from the
United States and Mexico. The type species for the
section was not designated by the author; however, in
accordance with Article 22.6 of the international Code
of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN; McNeill et al.,
2006), 5. amplectens A. Gray (1862) is the implicit
type, as the name of the section clearly derives from
doi: 10.3417/2008050 NovoN 20: 63-67. Published on 18 March 2010.
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64 Novon
the epithet of one species assigned to it. Later,
Greenman (1915: 577) used the name Amplectentes
again in a synopsis of the subgenera and sections of
Senecio at the rank of section, in a monograph of the
North and Central American species. Only 10 of 29
species considered by Greenman are currently
accepted (Barkley, 2006). On the other hand, Cabrera
(1949) used the same name Amplectentes within the
genus Senecio, attributing this to himself, for one of
seven subsectional groups pertaining to section
Corymbocephalus Cabrera. This name was later
reduced to the rank of subseries as subseries
Amplectentes (Cabrera) Cabrera & S. E. Freir?
(Cabrera et al., 1999) affiliated with the series
Corymbosi [= section Corymbosi Cabrera (Cabrera,
1939), with this name found to have priority over
section Corymbocephalus (Cabrera, 1949)].
Additionally, the name Amplectentes was ambigu
ously cited in the botanical literature, sensu both
Greenman (1902, 1915) and Cabrera (1949). Among others, Ornduff et al. (1967: 217, 210) postulated basic chromosome numbers for sections of Senecio in
North America and included section Amplectentes Greenman with a base number of 20; today
= 5 is
the accepted basic chromosome number for the genus
(L?pez et al., 2005, 2008). A different taxonomic view
was followed by Barkley (1985: 216-217), who
assigned some species previously included under
section Amplectentes sensu Greenman to his informal
group Herbacei and subgroups Triangulares and
Lugentes. Section Amplectentes was later recognized
separately again as a "group" (Barkley, 2006: 544,
546) and included 10 species. Jeffrey (1988: 85, 86) annotated both authorities differently as "sect.
Corymbosi Cabr. subsect. Amplectentes Cabr." as
"perennial leafy-stemmed herbs or subshrubs; upper leaves semiamplexicaul," and "sect. Amplectentes
Greenm." as "perennial subscapigerous herbs; upper
semiamplexicaul," recognizing Barkley's Triangulares and Lugentes as separate informal groups.
The infrageneric name Amplectentes Greenman
(Greenman, 1902) has priority over Amplectentes Cabrera (Cabrera, 1949). Despite the fact that the
same name was published at two different ranks
(sectional and subsection/subseries, respectively),
they are considered homonyms under the ?CBN
(McNeill et al., 2006: Art. 53.4, Art. 21, Note 1).
Consequently, a replacement name is proposed here
for subseries Amplectentes within Senecio ser. Cor
ymbosi. This series was previously published at the
level of section, as has been previously noted.
Senecio L. ser. Corymbosi (Cabrera) Cabrera, Darwiniana 26: 157. 1985. Basionym: Senecio
sect. Corymbosi Cabrera, Lilloa 5: 71. 1939.
TYPE: Senecio brasiliensis (Spreng.) Less.
Senecio L. subser. Alcabrerae M. G. L?pez, A. F.
Wulff & Xifreda, nom. nov. Replaced synonym: Senecio subsect. Amplectentes Cabrera, Lilloa 15:
355. 1949, nom. illeg. non Senecio sect.
Amplectentes Greenman, 1902. Senecio subser.
Amplectentes (Cabrera) Cabrera & S. E. Freir?,
FL Fanerog. Argent. 62: 22. 1999. TYPE:
Senecio hieracium J. R?my (designated by
Cabrera, 1949: 355).
Observations. Subseries Alcabrerae in Senecio
sect. Senecio ser. Corymbosi has been circumscribed,
recognizing five species from Chile (Cabrera, 1949) and Argentina (Cabrera et al., 1999): S. hieracium, S.
saucensis Cabrera, S. prenanthifolius Phil., S. nigres cem Hook. & Arn., and S. scopulorum Poepp. Senecio
toroanus Cabrera may be added to this list as a new
synonym for S. saucensis. The synonymy with the
taxonomic transfer of series is provided below.
Synonymy of Senecio saucensis with S. toroanus
Senecio ser. Hualtatini was described by de
Candolle (1838: 417) to include robust perennial herbs, from high to giant forms with fistul?se stems.
The fleshy, basal leaves are largely petiolate, forming a rosette, and the upper leaves are semiamplexicaul. The majority of these characteristics are not present in
S. toroanus, which was included in series Hualtatini
(Cabrera et al., 1999) on the basis of the inflorescence
that is a corymbiform cyme and the presence of ray florets. However, S. toroanus differs from other taxa in
series Hualtatini in being only 50 cm tall, lacking both fistul?se stems and fleshy leaves, not forming rosettes, having leafy stems, and having leaves that are small, thin, and irregular in shape. These features
support the exclusion of this species from series
Hualtatini.
Recent investigation of the micrornorphological ornamentation of fruits of the Argentine representa tives of Senecio ser. Hualtatini (L?pez, 2005) showed
that the series is defined by glabrous cypselae. Senecio toroanus, however, displays pubescent and
papillate fruits, which further supports that the
species has been placed in series Hualtatini errone
ously. Further research by us in Senecio ser.
Corymbosi, with comparison with series Hualtatini, reveals morphological and micrornorphological simi
larities between S. toroanus and S. saucensis, which
belongs to Senecio ser. Corymbosi subser. Alcabrerae.
Analysis of the relevant type specimens (Fig. 1) and
the evaluation of the cypsela micromorphology
(Fig. 2) confirm that the names are conspecific; hence, the formal proposal is indicated below. As a
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66 Novon
Figure 2. SEM fruit micromorphology. A, B. Senecio saucensis. ?A. Pubescent cypsela (Argentina, Prov. Cat a m are a,
Tinogasta, F. A. Roig 15427, SI). ?B. Ornamentation of pubescent cypselar surface with papillae also evident (Argentina, Prov. La Rioja, Dept. Capital, Dique Los Sauces, A. Burkart 12627, LP). C, D. Senecio toroanus (Argentina, Prov. Mendoza,
Dept. Las Heras, Quebrada del Toro, G. Covas 18570, SI). ?C. Pubescent cypsela. ?D. Surface ornamentation.
consequence of this taxonomic synonymy, the geo
graphic distribution of 5. toroanus is extended, with its
distributional range in the Argentine mountains of
Catamarca, La Rioja, San Juan, and Mendoza
provinces, between 2000 and 2700 m in altitude.
Senecio toroanus Cabrera, Darwiniana 10(4): 573,
fig. 11. 1954. TYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: Dept. Las Heras, Quebrada del Toro, El Centinela,
2000 m, 21 Jan. 1950, A. Cuezzo & B. Balegno 2001 (holotype, LIL not seen; isotype, LP). Figure 1A.
Senecio saucensis Cabrera, Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 11(1): 53,
fig. 5. 1966, syn. nov. TYPE: Argentina. La Rioja: Dept. Capital, Dique Los Sauces, 16 Feb. 1944, L Parodi 14836 (holotype, LP). Figure IB.
Acknowledgments. The authors thank Rafael Urr
ejola for the SEM photographs, graphic designer Marcelo Girardi, and the curators of LP and SI for their technical assistance. We are grateful to Debra
Trock and an anonymous reviewer for comments that
improved the manuscript. C.C.X. acknowledges per
sonal support from CIC-PBA.
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