Nomads and Mongols:Did Nomadic expansion improve the Eurasian world?

AP World History

Richard Smart

Oakland Mills High School

Periodization and Context:Period 2...

In the west… 7th Century – Rise of

Islam Ummayad Caliphate

661CE-750CE Abbasid Caliphate

750CE-1258CE

Seljuk Turks 1071CE-1243CE

In the east… Sui Dynasty Tang Dynasty 618CE-

907CE Song Dynasty 960CE-

1279CE

Jurchen 1115CE-1234CE

Nomads through time...

Pastoral Societies Horse mounted archers Tribal structure

Xiongnu Huns Turks

Causes of Nomadic Success

TechnologyStirrupArcheryHorses

Chinese InfluenceSiege

weaponry Ideology

Tribute not dominance

Mongol Expansion

1204 Chinggis unites Mongols 1227 Chinggis Dies 1237 Russia 1240 Repulsed in Hungary 1258 Destruction of Baghdad 1260 Defeated by Mamluks 1279 Repulsed in Vietnam and Japan

Mongol States

Golden Horde Caucasus Tribute from Russia

Ilkhanate Persia Assimilation Islam Collapse (1335) Timur (1405)

Chagatai Central Asia Nomadic

Yuan Dynasty China Rejection of civil

service exams Religious tolerance Failure in Vietnam &

Japan Ming China (1368)

Consequences of Nomadic Expansion Trade

Pax Mongolica Disease

Bubonic Plague (1300s) End of Post Classical Empires

Song Abbasid

Long-term trends Rise of Gunpowder Empires (Post Tamerlane) Russian isolation (Post Mongols) Voyages of exploration