Nobel Prize winners

Satoshi Omura, extraordinary honor educator of Kitasato University, responds as he goes to a news meeting in Tokyo October 5, 2015. Irish-conceived William Campbell and Japan's Omura won half of the Nobel Prize for Medicine for finding avermectin, a subordinate of which has been utilized to treat a huge number of individuals with river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, or elephantiasis. REUTERS/Issei Kato

William C. Campbell, a parasitologist and RISE Associate with Drew University, poses near paintings he made of parasites shortly after learning that he was a co-winner of the Nobel Prize for medicine, at his home in North Andover, Massachusetts October 5, 2015. Irish-born William Campbell and Japan's Satoshi Omura won half of the prize for discovering avermectin, a derivative of which has been used to treat hundreds of millions of people with river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, or elephantiasis. REUTERS/Brian Snyder

Pharmacologist Tu Youyou attends a award ceremony in Beijing, November 15, 2011. Tu jointly won the 2015 Nobel prize for medicine or physiology for their work against parasitic diseases, the award-giving body said on October 5, 2015. China's Tu Youyou was awarded the other half of the prize for discovering artemisinin, a drug that has slashed malaria deaths and has become the mainstay of fighting the mosquito-borne disease. She is China's first Nobel laureate in medicine. REUTERS/Stringer

Takaaki Kajita (R), director of the University of Tokyo's Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, receives flowers from his university during a news conference in Tokyo October 6, 2015. Kajita and Canadian scientist Arthur McDonald won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physics for discovering that elusive subatomic particles called neutrinos have mass, opening a new window onto the fundamental nature of the universe. REUTERS/Issei Kato

Takaaki Kajita, director of the University of Tokyo's Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, gestures during a news conference in Tokyo October 6, 2015. Kajita and Canadian scientist Arthur McDonald won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physics for discovering that elusive subatomic particles called neutrinos have mass, opening a new window onto the fundamental nature of the universe. REUTERS/Issei Kato

Arthur B. McDonald, educator Emeritus at Queen's University in Canada, talks on the telephone at Queen's University, he was a co-victor of the Nobel Prize for Physics at his home in Kingston, Ontario October 6, 2015. Japan's Takaaki Kajita and Canada's Arthur B. McDonald won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physics for their revelation that neutrinos, marked nature's most slippery particles, have mass, the honor giving body said. REUTERS/Lars Hagberg

Satoshi Omura, special honor professor of Kitasato University, receives a phone call from Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe during a news conference in Tokyo October 5, 2015. Irish-born William Campbell and Japan's Satoshi Omura won half of the prize for discovering avermectin, a derivative of which has been used to treat hundreds of millions of people with river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, or elephantiasis. REUTERS/Issei Kato

William C. Campbell, a parasitologist and RISE Associate with Drew University, views a collection of microscopes shortly after learning that he was a co-winner of the Nobel Prize for Medicine, at his home in North Andover, Massachusetts October 5, 2015. Irish-born William Campbell and Japan's Satoshi Omura won half of the prize for discovering avermectin, a derivative of which has been used to treat hundreds of millions of people with river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, or elephantiasis. REUTERS/Brian Snyder

Members of the media attend a news conference for the Nobel Prize for Physics at the Royal Swedish Academy in Stockholm October 6, 2015. REUTERS/Fredrik Sandberg/TT News Agency

Satoshi Omura (L), special honor professor of Kitasato University, receives a phone call from Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe during a news conference in Tokyo October 5, 2015. REUTERS/Issei Kato

Arthur B. McDonald, professor Emeritus at Queen's University in Canada, and his wife Janet (L) watch television news shortly after learning that he was a co-winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics at his home in Kingston, Ontario October 6, 2015. REUTERS/Lars Hagberg

Jan Andersson (L-R), Juleen Zierath and Hans Forssberg, individuals from the Karolinska Institute Nobel advisory group, converse with the media at a news gathering in Stockholm October 5, 2015. REUTERS/Fredrik Sandberg/TT News Agency