nobel laureates in physics (1901-1975)

105
Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975) www.flashcardsinppt .com

Upload: jola

Post on 26-Feb-2016

103 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975). Wilhelm Röntgen. 1901 for discovery of the Röntgen rays, commonly known as X-rays Germany. Hendrik Antoon Lorentz. 1902 for research into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena Netherlands. Pieter Zeeman. 1902 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Nobel Laureates in

Physics(1901-1975)

www.flashcardsinppt.com

Page 2: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Wilhelm Röntgen

1901 for discovery of the

Röntgen rays, commonly known as X-

rays

Germany

Page 3: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Hendrik Antoon Lorentz

1902for research into the

influence of magnetism upon radiation

phenomena

Netherlands

Page 4: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Pieter Zeeman

1902for research into the

influence of magnetism upon radiation

phenomena

Netherlands

Page 5: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Antoine Henri Becquerel

1903for discovery of spontaneous radioactivity

France

Page 6: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Pierre Curie 1903

for research on the radiation phenomena discovered by Henri

Becquerel

France

Page 7: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Marie Curie

1903for research on the

radiation phenomena discovered by Henri

Becquerel

France

Page 8: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Lord Rayleigh1904

for investigations of the densities of the

most important gases and discovery of

argon

England

Page 9: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Philipp Lenard

1905for his work on cathode rays

Germany

Page 10: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

J. J. Thomson

1906for theoretical and

experimental investigations on the

conduction of electricity by gases

Great Britain

Page 11: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Albert Abraham Michelson 1907

for his optical precision instruments and the

spectroscopic and metrological

investigations carried out with their aid

U.S.A.

Page 12: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Gabriel Lippmann1908

for his method of reproducing colours

photographically based on the phenomenon of

interference

France

Page 13: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Guglielmo Marconi

1909

for development of wireless telegraphy

Italy

Page 14: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Karl Ferdinand Braun

1909

for development of wireless telegraphy

Germany

Page 15: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Johannes van der Waals

1910for his work on the

equation of state for gases and liquids

Netherlands

Page 16: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Wilhelm Wien1911

for his discoveries regarding the laws

governing the radiation of heat

Germany

Page 17: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Gustaf Dalén1912

for his invention of automatic regulators for use

in conjunction with gas accumulators for

illuminating lighthouses and buoys

Sweden

Page 18: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes

1913for his investigations on

the properties of matter at low temperatures which led to the production of

liquid helium

Netherlands

Page 19: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Max von Laue1914

for discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by

crystals

Germany

Page 20: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir William Henry Bragg

1915

for services in the analysis of crystal

structure by means of X-rays

England

Page 21: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir William Lawrence Bragg

1915

for services in the analysis of crystal

structure by means of X-rays

England

Page 22: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Charles Barkla1917

for his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen

radiation of the elements

United Kingdom

Page 23: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Max Planck1918

in recognition of the services he rendered to

the advancement of Physics by his discovery of

energy quanta

Germany

Page 24: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Johannes Stark1919

for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral

lines in electric fields

Germany

Page 25: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Charles Édouard Guillaume

1920in recognition of his

discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys

Switzerland

Page 26: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Albert Einstein

1921for his services to

theoretical physics and discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect

Germany

Page 27: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Niels Bohr1922

for his investigation of the structure of atoms

and of the radiation emanating from them

Denmark

Page 28: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Robert A. Millikan1923

for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect

U.S.A.

Page 29: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Manne Siegbahn1924

for his discoveries and research in the field of

X-ray spectroscopySweden

Page 30: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

James Franck1925

for the discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron

upon an atomGermany

Page 31: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Gustav Ludwig Hertz

1925for the discovery of the

laws governing the impact of an electron

upon an atom

Germany

Page 32: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Jean Baptiste Perrin1926

for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for

his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium

France

Page 33: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Arthur Compton

1927discovery of Compton effect—the scattered

quanta have less energy than the quanta of the

original ray

U.S.A.

Page 34: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Charles Wilson1927

for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by

condensation of vapour

Scotland

Page 35: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Owen Richardson1928

for his work on the thermionic

phenomenon and discovery of the law

named after him

United Kingdom

Page 36: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Louis de Broglie1929

for his discovery of the wave nature of

electronsFrance

Page 37: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir C. V. Raman1930

for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect

named after him

India

Page 38: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Werner Heisenberg1932

for the creation of quantum mechanics, which has led to the

discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen

Germany

Page 39: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Erwin Schrödinger1933

discovery of new productive forms of

atomic theory

Austria

Page 40: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Paul Dirac

1933discovery of new

productive forms of atomic theory

United Kingdom

Page 41: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir James Chadwick

1935for the discovery of

the neutronUnited Kingdom

Page 42: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Victor Francis Hess

1936for his discovery of cosmic radiation

Austria/U.S.A.

Page 43: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Carl David Anderson

1936for the discovery of positron and muon

U.S.A.

Page 44: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Clinton Davisson1937

for discovery of the diffraction of

electrons by crystalsU.S.A.

Page 45: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir George Thomson

1937for discovery of the

diffraction of electrons by crystals

England

Page 46: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Enrico Fermi1938

for his demonstrations of new radioactive elements

produced by neutron irradiation, and for his

discovery of nuclear reactions brought about

by slow neutrons

Italy

Page 47: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Ernest Lawrence

1939for the invention and development of the

cyclotron, especially with regard to artificial

radioactive elements

U.S.A.

Page 48: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Otto Stern1943

for the development of the molecular ray

method and discovery of the magnetic moment of

the proton

Germany

Page 49: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Isidor Isaac Rabi1944

for creating resonance method for recording

the magnetic properties of atomic

nucleiU.S.A.

Page 50: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Wolfgang Pauli1945

for discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli

PrincipleAustria

Page 51: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Percy Williams Bridgman1946

for the invention of an apparatus to produce

extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries in the field of high pressure

physics

U.S.A.

Page 52: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir Edward Appleton

1947for his investigations of the upper atmosphere

especially for the discovery of the Appleton

layer

England

Page 53: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Patrick Blackett1948

for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber

method, and his discoveries in the fields of nuclear

physics and cosmic radiation

United Kingdom

Page 54: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Hideki Yukawa1949

for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces

Japan

Page 55: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Cecil Frank Powell

1950for his development of

the photographic method of studying

nuclear processes and his discoveries

regarding mesons made with this method

United Kingdom

Page 56: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sir John Cockcroft1951

for the work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by

artificially accelerated atomic particles

United Kingdom

Page 57: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Ernest Walton1951

for the work on the transmutation of atomic

nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic

particles

Ireland

Page 58: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Felix Bloch 1952for the development of new methods for nuclear magnetic

precision measurements

Switzerland

Page 59: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Edward Purcell

1952for the development of

new methods for nuclear magnetic

precision measurements

U.S.A.

Page 60: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Frits Zernike1953

for his demonstration of the phase contrast

method, and invention of the phase contrast

microscope

Netherlands

Page 61: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Max Born1954

for his research in quantum mechanics,

especially for his statistical interpretation

of the wave function

Germany/U.K.

Page 62: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Walther Bothe1954

for his discoveries in the framework of the

coincidence method

Germany

Page 63: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Willis Lamb

1955for his discoveries

concerning the fine structure of the

hydrogen spectrum

U.S.A.

Page 64: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Polykarp Kusch

1955for his precision

determination of the magnetic moment of the

electron

Germany/U.S.A.

Page 65: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

John Bardeen

1956for the researches on

semiconductors and the discovery of the transistor

effect

U.S.A.

Page 66: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Walter Houser Brattain

1956for the researches on semiconductors and the discovery of the

transistor effect

U.S.A.

Page 67: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

William Shockley1956

for the researches on semiconductors and the

discovery of the transistor effect

U.S.A.

Page 68: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Chen-Ning Yang

1957for the investigation of the parity laws,

leading to important discoveries

regarding the elementary particles

China/U.S.A.

Page 69: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Tsung-Dao Lee1957

for the investigation of the parity laws, leading to important discoveries

regarding the elementary particles

China/U.S.A.

Page 70: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Pavel Cherenkov

1958for the discovery and the

interpretation of the Cherenkov effect

Russia

Page 71: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Ilya Frank

1958for the discovery and

the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect

Russia

Page 72: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Igor Tamm1958

for the discovery and the

interpretation of the Cherenkov effect

Russia

Page 73: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Emilio G. Segrè

1959for the discovery of the

antiproton

Italy

Page 74: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Owen Chamberlain

1959for the discovery of

the antiprotonU.S.A.

Page 75: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Donald A. Glaser

1960for the invention of the bubble chamber

U.S.A.

Page 76: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Robert Hofstadter

1961for the discovery of

electron scattering in atomic nuclei and

structure of nucleons

U.S.A.

Page 77: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Rudolf Mössbauer1961

for his researches concerning the resonance

absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery

of the Mössbauer effect

Germany

Page 78: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Lev Landau1962

for his pioneering theories for

condensed matter, especially liquid

heliumRussia

Page 79: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Eugene Wigner

1963for his contributions to

the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles,

through the application of fundamental

symmetry principlesHungary/U.S.A.

Page 80: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Maria Goeppert-Mayer

1963for the discoveries concerning nuclear

shell structure

Germany/U.S.A.

Page 81: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

J. Hans D. Jensen1963

for the discoveries concerning nuclear

shell structure

Germany

Page 82: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Charles Hard Townes1964

for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics,

which has led to the construction of oscillators

and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle

U.S.A.

Page 83: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Nikolay Basov

1964for fundamental work in

the field of quantum electronics, which has

led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser

principleRussia

Page 84: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Alexander Prokhorov

1964for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction

of oscillators and amplifiers based on the

maser-laser principleRussia

Page 85: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Sin-Itiro Tomonaga1965

for the fundamental work in quantum

electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing

consequences for the physics of elementary

particles

Japan

Page 86: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Julian Schwinger1965

for the fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics,

with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary

particles

U.S.A.

Page 87: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Richard Feynman1965

for the fundamental work in quantum

electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing

consequences for the physics of elementary

particles

U.S.A.

Page 88: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Alfred Kastler1966

for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying

Hertzian resonances in atoms

France

Page 89: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Hans Bethe 1967for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially

his discoveries concerning energy production in stars

Germany/U.S.A.

Page 90: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Luis Walter Alvarez 1968

for his contributions to elementary particle physics, in

particular the discovery of a large number of resonance

states, made possible through his development of the

technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data

analysis

U.S.A.

Page 91: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Murray Gell-Mann1969

for his contributions and discoveries concerning

the classification of elementary particles and their interactions

U.S.A.

Page 92: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Hannes Alfvén

1970for fundamental work and

discoveries in magnetohydro- dynamics

with applications in different parts of plasma physics

Sweden

Page 93: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Louis Néel 1970for fundamental work and

discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and

ferrimagnetism which have led to important

applications in solid state physics

France

Page 94: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Dennis Gabor

1971for his invention and development of the holographic method

Hungary/U.K.

Page 95: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

John Bardeen1972

for the jointly developed theory of

superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory

U.S.A.

Page 96: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Leon Cooper1972

for the jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the

BCS-theoryU.S.A.

Page 97: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

John Robert Schrieffer

1972for the jointly developed

theory of superconductivity, usually

called the BCS-theory

U.S.A.

Page 98: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Leo Esaki

1973for the experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and

superconductors

Japan

Page 99: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Ivar Giaever1973

for the experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and

superconductors

Norway/U.S.A.

Page 100: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Brian Josephson 1973for his theoretical predictions of the

properties of a supercurrent through a

tunnel barrier, in particular the Josephson

effects

United Kingdom

Page 101: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Martin Ryle1974

for the pioneering research in radio astrophysics and his

observations and inventions, in particular of

the aperture synthesis technique

U.K.

Page 102: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Antony Hewish1974

for the pioneering research in radio

astrophysics and for his decisive role in the

discovery of pulsars

U.K.

Page 103: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Aage Niels Bohr 1975

for the discovery of the connection between

collective motion and particle motion in atomic

nuclei and the development of the theory of the

structure of the atomic nucleus

Denmark

Page 104: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

Ben Roy Mottelson

1975for the discovery of the

connection between collective motion and

particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development

of the theory of the structure of the atomic

nucleus

Denmark/U.S.A.

Page 105: Nobel Laureates in Physics (1901-1975)

James Rainwater

1975for the discovery of the

connection between collective motion and

particle motion in atomic nuclei and the

development of the theory of the structure of the

atomic nucleus

U.S.A.