Nobel Laureates

in Chemistry

Amr Tawfik, Mosatafa Hawary

4th year, 2nd year,

Faculty of Pharmacy

Alexandria University

Noble Laureates In Chemistry – Amr Tawik & Moustafa Hawary

Nobel laureates in chemistry

Famous Nobel laureates in chemistry since 1901

Nobel laureates attended Biovision Bibliotheca Alexandrina

An Egyptian Nobel laureates

Gerhard Ertl: Modern surface chemistry

Jacobus van 't Hoff

in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions

1901

August Arrhenius

in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by his electrolytic theory of dissociation

1903

Ernest Rutherford

alpha, beta, and gamma rays

He demonstrated radioactivity and the spontaneous disintegration of atoms

the first person to artificially disintegrate an element

1908

Marie Curie

Marie Curie pioneered radioactivity research .

Only person to win the award in two different sciences.

The first woman to win a Nobel Prize.

Marie Curie was the first female professor at the Sorbonne.

1911

Walther Nernst

in recognition of his work in thermo chemistry

1920

Hans Fischer

constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin

1930

Sir Robert Robinson

for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids

1947

Gerhard Herzberg

for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free

radicals .

1971

With Donald J.Cram and Charles J.Pedersen

for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high

selectivity .

Jean Marie Lean 1987

F. Sherwood Rowland

Paul J. Crutzen and Mario J. Molina

for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone

1995

Ryoji Noyori

With William S. Knowles and K. Barry Sharpless

for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions

2001

Peter Agre

With Roderick MacKinnon

for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranesfor the discovery of

water channels "

2003

Ahmed H. Zewail

for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy

1999

The King of Femtoland

Ahmed Zewail receiving his Nobel Prize from His Majesty the King at the Stockholm Concert Hall 1999.

Ahmed H. Zewail

Zewail is the first scientist from the Arab world to ever receive the Nobel Prize, and the only living scientist from the entire Islamic World of more than one billion people so honored

VOYAGE THROUGH TIMEWalks of Life to the Nobel Prize

Ahmed H. Zewail

Gerhard Ertl

for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces

2007

Gerhard Ertl

a gold medal

a diploma

10 million Swedish kronor

his 71st birthday

catalytic cleaning carbon monoxide oxidates on platinum

Freons reduce the ozone layer by reacting on the surfaces of small ice crystals,

rusting takes place when an iron surface is exposed to oxygen

electronics industry to manufacture semiconductor materials for components

artificial fertilizers contain ammonia which is produced when nitrogen and hydrogen react on an iron surface

renewable fuels can be produced using catalytic surfaces

The emergence of modern surface chemistry

The first to understand the potential of new technology

Methodological foundations for an entire field of research

High vacuum system and use of different technologies

Modern surface chemistry

Behavior of hydrogen on metal surfaces

- Produced in solar cells -catalysis

Nitrogen becomes an artificial fertilizer

- Haber-Bosch process

The Haber-Bosch process step-by-step

Surface measurement difficulties

Distinguish atomic/ molecular nitrogen

Spectroscopic methods

Photons or free electrons

- type of atoms - chemical environment

Structure of the surface

Nitrogen split takes longest

Adding potassium

Nitrogen split ammonia formation

Modern surface chemistry

Method and values of rates and activation energies for each step of the reaction

Exhaust cleaning

oxidation of Co on platinum

References -:

http://nobelprizeorg/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7037210.stm

Presented by-:

Amr Tawfik

Mostafa Hawary

THANKS