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q Early European Observations°. nthecpitationPartitioning byVegetation: A Synthesis anEvaluation of 19th Century FindingsJan Friesen Zen fn Jotun T. Van Stan m21 [XPectmient CatchinensHydrology, EZ —Meteeshesten

¢ “entre foe Envircmenenta Research,‘ctmowetetradie 18, 28 Letzte Core, ny

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>2 Aa SyO0t8 ardthe Bete remeng ofGeology « Goonrephy, Coons Southern UniverseStatenbore, GA 20488, Usa, career Rsasnthen,ody

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4* Cortepeecenss MP EbewonQty te, Ted: *AH0841-235. tomyBs 80 Jay2018, Accept 7 September 2019, Published: 30 September 2049Abstract: Thefirme contact between pre Pitation and the land surface is oftenspelling pescipitnts. ”Partitioning bY vegetation turns water back to the «

SF intercertus Precipitation)an} iwdistribites water © the subcancpy | —_~

(throughtain And water tha: drains down, Plant stems (stemflow), pyc

-

Publication Ofthe eid By Horton in 19;9. European Cbeervatories ard a’

been Seet¥ing precioitare Patltioning since tne mid-19th century. In this ——arlyNMIOLINg ety, OrkS and stisctiog ©Precipitation Partitioning and

OF detail, Nove {9 @ description orth early studies reaults inctucted in th

digitize Andanaly red 'compare them to FOCEN stuctios Although many early

Btatisticn! ALY 806 and Monitoring tools thar have become standard tocay they“meee ACTly ater, by every BUCY, Of compa) inctuding: 4 Figorous lovel ofdet7

Sristicn (whiny, Sf often, Lacking in modern Scohydrologicas studies):NRh-resolute

(y throb fat mo aha chong oblectionANd analysig Moreover, (

imeeethe rote OFiniterentin prec iPitation Partitioning Processes andrepresent 4

;

\ 7Piece of history shared by the hydrology Metrorolog,,forestry 4nd agric ulturalno Thome studing are therefor, frievant today ang we hope modem,Scientists

-Precip txtin, ‘teractionswinfine DEW inspiration

10 our synthenig and evaluationSPtion SPOPAlon: through temfow, forests: crope

rain; snow OR: rime

\ dictionMuch, OFEarths taySPotheg get Earth Bel surtacei, covered byeg, tion:

An

beta Precip St*HHlanie |Land “repland,conantonsAn estimated 30%. * $OVered by, forests 1)

tavnp throughOP ant th land surface 1Often aplanttional 113, 4 } Thus, the frst contact

BPderstog>andt,tre ements inthe Vewetaters Length ORY. Therea ter PPS Pitationmay

7

<Pap I Refore Praching yan il surtace, PPht Plants [51 stems [)

~

Pong Phere eeepc lan ro Semof Peecienilt Of these PipHtation

conn Asie ownpied Portions igSedinteibuitecy484 subcang nt Precip, tion ig retumed to =

dietea con oH aotcharge

7

eletatan ot”"ecco the abe! Tt made ne fer anne ryPartitioning

;

MEE vcea oF gRe joa,

eu 8@ deep.”

chon Peo7 tation,

Cn

~.J . —

a

Sa ae : yAWHAT WILL YOU DO FoR YOLR (—_—_ a |

THESIS RESEARCH? _ NO IDEA; IT SEEMS LIKE ;

i EVERYTHING'S BEEN DONE | !ae RPS | | ALREADY...:

A ; >

ee) |aL .y =—(9- Nar |

4 ee a |= |-—-—

a aem |a .+ om / i

WELL, MAYBE . _ aWE SHOULD STARTy WITH WHAT _-AND |

§ CATCHES OUR EYE? f COMPLEX! |WONDER How fl. f ey} 4 a MUCH SUNLIGHTPOPS F 7 IT BLOCKS.HE CANOPY a

P |7 CATCHES MY EYE. 4 oe/ ITS JUST SO DENSE BET IT BLOCKé ;

ae py XN ALOT OF RAIN |.| J i Le nar AND SNOW, )

: ox | (we ge lg:

|i eh } we a

ie ee aeoe \n -Ei yea. , ei > - Jap }i a 7 i y r= ;a j

Abe Ws | | :' A Hy oI | / |NR ) gigi peste ||

y LS 4 > ely “= - z ] nS r vp ! \As Dg aSs aDa AES crad soe yy —iv WJ 7 { eo =»2 a pe AS “Ss4 — ee ae

:' > > A i — ——

ee |eh * - Yi § ceae ES

a oe Hp Lag —|LOOK AT THE BARK! a “co. | ANE WAT KIND OF TREE— ~~ awe a IS THIS?b= 4 ei Ab A te B 2 > ¥ ;kz a eee

~ = Yi Fy we ye Tae rs —_aad |S Ps ie \b i ifasaes— St” Ea 5

Ee Lae EA Peainn So Ser VPS ae VT aan | Oe

ea VUONG en |WE) |, 4 y/ ieRies E a= Re, QR Se @ fi AS C/ 4 |].hesae Sern DN RS ) 4 ay ay /:ef pees is aBee ©i asa See “«) page : : asay y sL a 4 ON , a / <3 y aLA = , ae

Bee ee) eee ena:oC eeas ee PS” | errnoca SONYA cs S57 ean, ae et COOL HANDPR--! Sad 5AR ae 2P7 ag

eri Xs mr — a es 4% Sy Bf re Sy 4 } ae t x ieTks << AOE Wen. ee ZEST as32 . Sos Se Aa ae i yi ae Sea Noe a v3 “4 Rey ot la

Nest yy. ‘ie i WS, FAV, Bane PP athie )

Ar ba Rhy: (> fees pre /} AaS Bet sing |he.<a CCR NE rt i ay Pee Peelag La = : >|LM ewe __ ] __ ==. a

Rome, “F0CE| hale MMPH! WHERE ARE WE? 4 :

: ¢ 2iW , 20 2 oh 2f4) r2 3 ty XX ye of

o) ¥ © nC » wh At og=f ) i ( | Y" m3~ iG r | \ oa ‘= ry MB we ( YAA Sy

AV Wes Ne NY y\ x hl oo mm Nu

f | R eG \ Va ee wie ; 14Ve AU Saket TCOl ig "a hb) s) —_ KS —\)_— ro \ WU e \, THE SHADOW OF , 2|(> x)ay" | | WALNUT TREES \Vie -

Sy 7 I 2 IS POISON TO ALL pal SyJ|Re PLANTS WITHIN ITS % y/| COMPASS. fs -| ee \

. WHA-- PLINY THE ELDER?! 4SIRE, IN THE CASE OF _" ~ OH, |HEARD ABOUT THIS IN

EVERY VARIETY OF PLANT, CLASS! WALNUT TREES CANTHE SHADE IS FOUND S) ADD POISONS TO THE

TO ACT AS A KIND NURSE - PASSING RAIN, SO THAT _OR A HARSH 7 COMPETING PLANTS CAN'T SZ aSTEP-MOTHER. ss ~/ GROW IN THE SOILS. “

, Say Jl (ea fae, 9—— -. \ | —— i Y6, ITS~~ S are CALLEDwy ‘A \ Vp, (Pe_| ALLELOPATHY!a | »\ ml K\ =a &ome «SCN 7_

: Vi Se Lb A>,iB 02g) 295 65". < \ " la a | 02. gel > ~~ _S

i WHAT SECRETS ~ ry VkAnt(Pea PLINY THE

4 UE Sikolpe? 41:=Beé WITHIN YOUR

7 {3 RIAN eee - TEODATLY?’ RN as AS) ALLELOPATHY?|SHADE? y|)) ‘\ aN ae) in toe ahv oS Sy ——_a BN \ 0 \) SeesES Ay/ Be(prs Qos RODS (Or ate

4 Ky is| * eae\ ys | VU WT _/ RD aIN ai Ws \ Tz <_ oa L Twas

Es 4 P >H; y Fie85, DID WE JUST GO BACK Va y | |oe

SOTO ANCIENT Rome? . - WHAT ELSE CAN \ > Oe ;a - PLANTSDO TO Ye. 2

ae , q THE RAIN’ PLINY SAID THE SHADESa .\ OF PLANTS HOLD MANY\ 1 Z SECRETS.

o. . be z\ (i, wh Ks ~e

Z MN VRQ MayvBe wef Po\ & CAN FIND OUT ia4 xa iw nee MORE. : aeVEZ SOARS C|Sa. eS

es 7 LISH | |3

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5 7 y i | ae Cs q ’ |" fFa el ; “Th Z . — a\ eyL = > |_| DO You Sé€ ANY - wot | ra “7] MORE HANDPRINTS? ‘ S £/ ~ 4 — y- 1 : 4 ao 2s \ go2 7

sf S i Z Y \ oe e i€ ad|

(ZR - oa a| oo GHA et

a P 3” C Seedsa) 7 hs dk a|\. > ( < LOOk...WHAT’S THAT ae\GeN ae: 7 © UP THERE? |

Ae See waa if YY Sie- ‘ CRT é —_MER, 2, .— \ | \ 7 oe he on ed ew. -_

a, < yo)- 3. y ‘a aas Sa heotA PS Z li ae— Z ; Ps ee ees| SUIBeen we |B iWaseet, SN.FOUND DO . NS estas Ge fo Sees my ON Te ibe

| ANOTHER ONE. Et f! aE: a Vays) Ws ida f “\ REL= Ag iy Wuar Lancuace Kod Weis eee Ai | ) ‘EN oeSN r\ AS cS oe am =| haa Ba \

| TBE BeesDel cicyy (ics ee ny!) eetf be lf, ©y / eel ted “ oy . ee Y G ihe e\) onefe es pees iN Rae, «Sees | eee |PPN = 0)SeeSe \\|\ “Gg. tv TN) Be ee Boe eS NS a). *\~ | ‘3 j Sas NOS A pee mee haves toh. 3° ae > iy ) AaaEN ve he Ty SN RS Bey Be, Ae y 4N & /) Be Be oP eee ape oY JB

re - > Ni wy , * ate) + ey A ay oe fa ro / j 4 2 - Leamy - SA 3 | Ss | 7 Bay — ere |

Oe OS) ge” ein. LETS see Here we PROS A

ee ras A iw AyBee , Patan.

4

Ba Awa —————————IN—— ~ po» = MT. KAILASH KOR , 1235

NY ia ‘ — eea SE — SS= THERE ARE POISONOUS GRASSES, SUCH THAT WHEN He|e te ae Lf

RAINS FALL UPON IT, AND RUN IN TORRENTS TO THE - = ne.NEIGHBORING RIVERS... — | as

GZ —_ -a > MI |Roo 4s COS -

WA, oO SS raw ih. pov —sae |. v\ < Jy] > * 5 ay -Zhen i| a ee < Cs ) YX Aye =‘ =

| ao “a nS), < | _ >. i a ae—|

Ey S 277 ao Pon _—aSO “<amS, ‘i | oa . a SL. Pe dVy|~—T :—_ ———4 —... Se Je> sd = ~ 0LA = LL Son one ae 2eS-<Ss

\ ooo «se ~ —_ a' .. ) 2 aS SS eeY a =

|—_— , = -—~

> w/\ i = Geox Le —. hy SEa ap _ $ ll ~ .

> WHO THOUGHT THAT a

..NO ONE DARES DRINK OF THE WATER =.dL YT] GRASSES COULD HAVE =metDURING THE TIME OF THEIR RISING; r - 3 SUCH AN EFFECT ON |=- AND SHOULD ANYONE DO SO, ~~ AIOS WATER QUALITY! ——\ % am HE DIES IMMEDIATELY. \ \ Me) QS ——oe >

y ~ }2 =&K oa BS 8 Sa BS

7 4 0\| WAIT - THERE ARE MANY } | Ss” | |ain 4. \°|| OTHER FACTORS INFLUENCING ©/ | -rs |pe | >.’ STREAMWATER QUALITY | |>Be) a —— | BESIDES THE VEGETATION.\ —,a =\er/ ) ~ @ .—? ’ » 7 a - ) k~’ rtf} _“\ Z, || -

b (a_ —.THERE ARE (MINES OF GOLD ON THESE |) phe cet REPMOUNTAINS... AND THE PLAIN BELOW IS } : ie Wr

USED FOR AGRICULTURE. | | IT MIGHT NOT BE THE | i ¥ ‘,

J | | GRASSES ENTIRELY. naeWw Bi a a | A riSs>a = WE KNOW NOW THATi;P= Se > Bg MINING AND AGRICULTURE .F me ify CAN AFFECT STREAMWATER ;- El | Ae QUALITY :im g) PA ==2 oySoe| =| GAY RicHT! eR, D»|= Nei = if ed a es / 2 a ..s

_—— i Sas fee V ¢/- ( = er G @, _————— wR 7

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a eSa SO, ALL THESE ECOHYDROLOGICAL Processes Ee mMtOn GY/ ich. . NEN ~ \~ WERE OBSERVED CENTURIES AGO. i —_ Deg \ SaaWwes= BUT, WHEN DID PEOPLE ACTUALLY y GC &€D>.» ae SySTART MEASURING THEMS y P Mifjy | %, CN

y — Pog UV), Ope - > mS—/ kp f Co Y

; Py Lyf Hd Soe RNYS& Oy,7 a v4 A a ee TS »ae jk . easaea) a / a JN AAee @ \ We) J XN &bf ¥ — iN

S\ oe WOW ie Wwae chat ta

aaRONCS eh SAXONIAN ACADEMY FOR FORESTERS ANDEe | FARMERS, THARANDT, GERMANY, 1855

*SF eer | :: | eae/ WESGEEN Ve Faw ae

fee i ¢ &@ ZZ: are | fi ois De fT| i) J LexMere Sa ke) ) See

|en WVEra tel ed - |

Ieee= Re em ak lh / SS hi eer9"I " Re ee ane DN } mo? ay) «| Se * Py,~ rae A Cae you : Wereok,

he oe a eS r be Bm mr. eyCaN oe )eC (‘ in ii il Al Le say

th ae ‘s eA ae = / fo eTaymeee |=|LS ~ il ‘< F oa PEE |ee” a ns Ca te’* v) ae) a | . .> we y /Mo ss — a / [| P Ply . a e e/ myPE a :

ep ; + 4 . ,ey by

am Fy a ao7 — - » |aeTo.

> iin T 1 aml SIR, WE NEED TO QUANTIFY; CHOW MLICH RAIN, SNOW ANDfi 7 T CONDENSATION... /

—_, l | —\ 1) 112 | | d 7 |P| ANAT li IE = ey - | Tr . Cs—— }i th nl le fa fil

7 | ,,rs ACTUALLY REACHES SOILS. Bb Yow} iatesis al- SS) |HAVE AN IDEA...2 TtLS4 AH

) ¥ i ~AC pA >

CANOPY| -: EVAPORATION RAINFALLt f

: Pere —waka il

THROUGHFALL z

Twya‘| STEMFLOW iT |

LITTER| . ! . EVAPORATION | ia ./ a sat |ae KRUTZSCH’S IDEA WAS SUPPORTED TT i ._— AND SPREAD THROUGHOUTTHE GERMAN KINGDOMS * ‘forest water budget’ :

||— '‘forest-meteorological rNmonitoring stations’ FS 2)

§ EUROPEAN COUNTRIES | arobMS «= BECAME INTERESTED — 4a I

IN THIS TOPIC, AS WELL! | PY —- Aea ii ; i igh, ey Hh | fs we y

5 rg —y Aad ° f A 14 \ 7 =a ; a » ®|S =)

7 Y | h ‘eo Bavari ~ a, a = Nate —\/ Ss France d \ AustiaNae a, = wees Emanf

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Te a yog az 7a- — : e

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1S) ame 09) " i< MN HUH? HUNDREDS 4N| A) Y ,] _ OF LITERS? NM \ | ;

| .d, eR T lhNJ (| 2 oe V/A iyNe - vN

> 2 Pe . = 7 en= —s _—_— <a =i A= Shes! 2 y — =“ THE FIRST MEASLIREMENTS— ,L-sail ae *

OF STEMFLOW BLEW THE [| THEY ALSO FOUND THAT TO =< RESEARCHER'S MIND! =i MEASURE RAIN AND SNOW ae(

ee PATTERNS BENEATH TREES... f Se= SESS

...THEY NEEDED MANY MORE | Nie) eae seaSans ShNR Seee= GAUGES! > oi eae rs; 7 P| " ee ay

| df Bi =§ ) al Fa 4 | i vis pl (._ ( Ps SN > B . a; y ) i 4

) \ | i4 Ye Y) age I Wow, A LOT OF SNOW GETS ,wey STUCK IN CANOPIES! a

A x | SS }

| g* V =2 = ont a we) |» —| 4 | 7 Bo

Vf\ WOLLNY EVEN MEASURED MANY OF(/ i j THESE PROCESSES IN CROPS. (re |‘ip fea aly TNE incall im)

Ve 9 } fall |: {) \ | |

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Ad aa ; ae “ ~ ae | = o»yW/)* ~~ ,Bs A * ‘s R / N ee y \ a k = Se a 3

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lots, | |

Pe +” 4 ° 3os 1,

iim \ | / Sey Sareesis 7MW! “gs PPS)» Fd Cm \ / ~ .5 4 J A i" -See @|WONDER IF THEY SHARED THEIR FINDINGS.|| AF 1 AG A

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RS Pes Z_\.. Viia™ Maa DF” sot

INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF FORESTRY RESEARCH INSTITUTESaw,?.: - a 7Swhas ; - ¥yy

Fe | , aseget TPL OS BS Th

| | lDr. HOPPE - ITS ALMOST TIME FOR THE ForesTRY [i ry WyZ COUNCILOR, EDUARD NEY’, TALK! LET’S GO fih ie

l OK NES |

y | p LYL. & STi @A

q |B a’ LR Vy TE. VII| . S/REm > a fe oN 4 YI / >VGae 1

Z ze SNe Fvecivigk4 bh 4 74 4 a aemb V/ i

fry WA! Beea areasae =8=6| ||lll

WHAT CORRECTION FACTORS DONE —B) USE? WHETHER IT IS NOW EXACTLY SI y ||a|A |gMM Sealy won menerts20 = ftom easrN OR 80%, r Mg! lai=e/ iP FP

iN eeNK fd Wl A ick as

Pe aa oma WE STILL HAVE NOT FULLY CONSIDERED IMPORTANTFACTORS, LIKE SPECIES, AGE, CLIMATE, LEAF

BUDDING AND SO ON... THESE REQUIRE WIDERANGINGAND CONTINUOUS OBSERVATION,

AND CAN ONLY BE STUDIED THROLIGH/ INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION.' |

) OS, :

- 7h one ear eres 7 reae8,- Ste PRP ing! ONT ESF

Paha Strae a, ony 7 Ue

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a ele alt ie Sr ert ea wee ; * LRPRPS: id PESSO aNs Ca ee ee ack eea ewee as a?a ie ee SC A Raete ae

we ake at et et ye aN aN eS s - - 4Sa i en o

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ns eas ee

‘ ar eeoie er Lr i a a)OO ot48 ha a 8 Sy . ea die Mie eR etalk Peete te

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8 eee TongLACM SO

aeeae Ot Canes Ree an eee:; Peta4oaree ee ee Oe eea ee a ee aere

rn ir Oi i nei aee

es EgPg eeerg ssheadsa ESa oS eka Orei ir a Pak ee

; wen te Fy AeSeetea een eoat oe . a engeae yeeA ia ee en a a Le ce enhFF:Ce nseeeeote Ait iesta

Aa ta a te eSasiirire aire aL we

CNW PORTS Saistr a Fate hers 6 ONea Sen erae ot ewpeTee

‘ ® & 7 . ,7 . r ey pe ee Seabees aeeee RisMN OLSMigA aedtA ee) .° a ia CaetsSy

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Early European Observations of PrecipitationPartitioning by Vegetation: A Synthesis and Evaluationof 19th Century Findingsby Jan Friesen and John T. Van Stan Il

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