nissan scratch shield - carekonkret · s.brindle: ntc-e 2012 & t.nomoto: ntc-j 2012 nissan...

S.Brindle: NTC-E 2012 &

T.Nomoto: NTC-J 2012

NISSAN

SCRATCH SHIELD

NTC-E [DKN] – Materials Design

Nissan Technical Centre Europe Limited



Presentation Contents

1) Introduction

2) Automotive Paint & Nissan Targets

3) Customer Needs

4) Target Performance

5) Approach

6) Verification



1) INTRODUCTION

• News release in December 2005

– Nissan Motor Co. LTD develop a “Scratch Guard Coating” with clear paint.

– The worlds first restoring body paint for scratching with nails and running brushes

– Utilizing a special highly elastic resin

• High density mesh like structure

• Flexible, strong with good durability

– Application to SUV models

• X-Trail [2005 SV, 2007 Mass Production]

• Infiniti Brand, 370Z & X-Trail [Japan]

• Infiniti Brand [Europe]



1) INTRODUCTION

– Design aim is to allow the film surface to return to

normal following multiple scratch incidence

1. Difficult to be broken at a molecular level

2. Good surface durability both physical and chemical

Key Point!!

• Scratch Shield can not recover following complete surface

film breakage



2) Automotive Paint [General Film Structure]

(35μm) Clear coat

<Durability & Appearance>

Colour Coating <Appearance>

Primer <Adhesion，Smoothness>

E-Coat <Anti-corrosion/Adhesion>

(15μm)

(30μm)

(20μm)

≒0.1mm

Body（Steel，Aluminum etc.）



2) Automotive Paint [Environmental Load]

Severe environment for 10 yrs in market

1. Climate

• (Sun, Heat, Rain etc…)

2. Natural Atmospheric Deposits

• (Bird Drop, Tree Sap, Pollen etc…)

3. Industrial Atmospheric Deposits

• (Acid Rain, Iron Particulates, Smoke etc…)

4. Human Chemical Deposits

• (Sweat, Cosmetic etc…)

5. Vehicle Fluids

• (Engine Oil, Battery Acid etc…)

6. Mechanical [Non-Scratch]

• (Stone Chip, Minor Accidents etc…)



2) Automotive Paint [Environmental Load]

Severe environment for 10 yrs in market

7. Human Physical

• (Nail, Clothes, Luggage etc…)

8. Maintenance [Scratch Related]

• (Car Wash, After Market Products etc…)

9. Delivery & PDI

• (As per 7 & 8)



2) Automotive Paint [Clearcoat]

N N

N

N(CH2OR)2

N(CH2OR)2 (CH2OR)2N

N N

N

O

O O

(CH2)6-NCO

(CH2)6-NCO

OCN-(CH2)6

OH

OH

OH

OH

COOR

COOH

OH

OH

+

+

+ + O

O

（140℃） MF

MF

O

O O

O

O-CO-NH

O-CO-NH NH

CO-O

CO-O

NH

CO

COO C - C

O

OH

Acrylic - Melamine type （1K）

Acrylic - Urethane type （2K）

Acrylic acid - Epoxy type （1KN）

（80 - 120℃）

（140℃）



2) Automotive Paint [Nissan Clearcoat History]

1970 1980 1990 2000

Clear Coat Adoption

Std 1K

SFC （1KF） Fluoride paint

SFHC （1KNF） New Bridged Fluoride paint

SHC （1KN） New Bridged paint

No Clear coat

SCRATCHSHIELD

TO

DA

Y

Nissan Europe [Std 1K]



3) Customer Needs

Target Customer

Selection is the Key. Trend

Sensitive

（20%）

Trend Catch-

up

（60%）

Trend No interest

（20%）

Setters

People with Extraordinary sense

Followers



3) Customer Needs & Reasons to Buy

6 of paintコンセプト

の

〔購買意欲〕

と

〔バリュ〕

を

調査

High-vivid paint Ultra water-repellent paint

Anti- Scratch paint

High-durability Anti-peeling paint

Anti-dirt paint

No need to wipe

after Car wash

Maintaining Gloss

Reduced Mar

New Car Gloss No peeling by

Stone chip

Surface modified

Colour Trends



3) Customer Needs & Reasons to Buy

6 of paintコンセプト

の

〔購買意欲〕

と

〔バリュ〕

を

調査

High-vivid paint Ultra water-repellent paint

Anti-Scratch

High-durability Anti-peeling Anti-dirt paint

No need to wipe Maintaining Gloss

Reduced Mar

New Car Gloss No peeling by

Stone chip

Surface modified

Colour Trends

JPN⑥\20000

US⑥$161

JPN⑤\22000

US④$174

US⑤$169

JPN①\37000

JPN③\31000

US③$197 US②$205

US①$260

JPN④\29000 JPN②\23000



3) Customer Survey

☆New Car Questionnaire Customer Comment analyses

（Total10 Models ）

Others

24%

Comment on paint

Scratch

Dirt

22%

10% Quality

44%

938 comments

Comment on Scratch

Car wash

54%

25%

During delivery

13%

Minor accident

8% Nail，Bag

209 comments

Customers' biggest interest in terms of scratch performance

13%

Others

61%

paint matters

26%

Comment on car appearance

3638 comments

Positive F/B for paint



Presentation Contents

1) Introduction

2) Automotive Paint

3) Customer Needs


5) Approach

6) Verification




Ski boardが倒れて Scratch

Bag Scratch

Dry wipe Scratch

Clothes Scratch

Pressure

[Kgf/mm2]

0.5～

10～ BMPR & BMPR touch Scratch

Door & Door touch Scratch

Nail Scratch

Car wash Scratch

9 Incidence of Scratch

Potential

Bush Scratch

Ski board Scratch




Customers' biggest interest,

significant impact

&

Quantitative Approach


Bag Scratch

Dry wipe Scratch

Clothes Scratch

BMPR & BMPR touch Scratch


Nail Scratch

Car wash Scratch

Focus on Car Wash

Bush Scratch

Ski board Scratch

Visible Scratch ≒ 0 after 3 Years



4) Damages by key scratches

3-Dimensional surface scan after scratch by a key

Hard & Tough “Brittle”



5) Approach:- Basic Theory

Simple Softening

Clear coat

Crack /

Peeling

Moderate Hardening

Anti-scratch

Hardening

Softening Climate resistance /

Anti-dirt

Ultra Hardening



5) Approach:- Testing & Measurement

• Car Wash Test

• Car Wash Brush Test Equipment

• 150rpm x 10s x 50 Cycles

• JIS Z 8901 Test Dirt #8

• Brightness Measurement

• X-Rite or Minolta

• Observation Angle at 0° and 10° for L*

• Tensile Test Measurement

• AGS-H

• 40mm/min

• Scratch Observation

• JPN Electric : SEM [JSM-5910LV]

• KEYENCE : Ultra Depth Colour 3D Shape measurement microscope [VK-9500]

• Sectional Analysis : Cross section shape measurement system [VertScan]

• Viscous Elasticity Measurement

• SII : Viscous elasticity measurement equipment [DMS 6100]



5) Approach : Film Design & Film Property Parameter

Fracture

Elongation

Up !

Torn scratch

Dent scratch

Fracture

strength

Up !

×

●

}

Yield Point

Conv. Clear coat

elongation

str

ess

BMPR

Door

Bush

Nail

Ski board

Dry wipe

Bag

Clothes

Car wash

●

SCRATCH

SHIELD



5) Approach : Film Design & System Selection

Property Target

1K 2K

Design concept Acrylic

Melamine Acid Epoxy

Acrylic Urethane

Acrylic Urethane

Fracture strength

UP

Bridged Density UP ○ ○ △

Block agent 不乖離

○

Bridged Structure ×

副反応 ○ ○ ○

Fracture Elongation

UP

Main Resin

New resin adoption

○ ×

合成困難 ○ ○

Sub Chain UP ○ ×

合成困難 ○ ○

Curing New resin adoption

× Ring

structure ○ ○ ○

Others ×

Acid resistance

× Block agent discoloration

○ 鮮映性

Non-Dissociation

Side Reactions

Difficult to synthesize

Distinction



5) Approach : Film Design & System Design

Curing agent Curing agent

Curing agent Curing agent Curing agent

Main chain [Bridged]

（3D net structure）

Curing agent

（Isocyanate）

Main chain（Acrylic resin）

Appearance, Climate Resistance

Anti Dirt, Curing Agent

Curing agent [Bridged]

（3D net structure）

Sub chain Scratch Shield Property



6) Verification Car Wash Test Result (50 Cycles)

SHC / SFHC SCRATCH SHIELD Conv. Clear coat



6) Verification Car wash test Result <Micro Measurement>

Item Definition Conv.

Clear coat

SHC /

SFHC

SCRATCH

SHIELD

Number

of scratch

1視野あたり

平均本数[ - ]

（525um×700um）

146 85 35

Length of

scratch

1視野あたり

平均Big3長さ[um]

（525um×700um）

4165 3877 1891

Width of

scratch

1視野あたり

平均最大幅[um]

（210um×290um）

3.7 2.2 1.2

Area ratio

of scratch

幅×長さ×本数

28 9 1

(Average of scratch width) / (a view of microscope)




Conv. Clear coat （1.1um）




SCRATCHSHIELD （0.07um）



6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 1 2 3 4 5

Elongation （ Ratio in case of Normal paint = 1）

Car

wash t

est5

0 c

ycle

Brightn

ess c

hange[⊿

L]

SCRATCHSHIELD

Conv. 1K Clear coat

Soft Clear coat

SHC / SFHC

@20℃



6) Verification Tensile property vs. Anti- Scratch performance C

ar

wash t

est5

0 c

ycle

Brightn

ess c

hange[⊿

L]

Elongation （ Ratio in case of Normal Clear= 1 ）

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

@-20℃

Conv. Clear coat

Soft Clear coat

SHC / SFHC

SCRATCHSHIELD



6) Verification Recovery

Surface

situation

Microscope

Photo

Recovery

Image

Hair Line

Scratch Recovery

Dent Scratch

Recovery

Before Restore After Restore



6) Verification Recovery [Micro Appearance]

TIME / HEATING CAR WASH DAMAGED

SCRATCH SHIELD



Clear

coat

Scratch

type

Conv.

Clear coat

SHC /

SFHC

SCRATCH

SHIELD

（Before

heating）（After

heating）

Dent

scratch

1.5% 24.9% 83.0% 36.1%

Torn

scratch

98.5% 75.1% 17.0% 63.9%

6) Verification Scratch Type from Car Wash




0

5

10

15

20

25

0 10 20 30 40 50

Time[Hr]

Scra

tch

Brig

htn

ess c

han

ge

[⊿L]

20℃Heating

40℃Heating

80℃Heating




Dynamic Tg （低→）Anti-dirtが低下

tanδmax （大→）粘性変形による Broken beyond repair 力学的エネルギの吸収能が大 Ability to absorb

Bridged density n （大→） FilmのBridged structureが密

Activation Ea （大→） FilmのBridged structureが均一＆緻密

y = -31126x + 91.273 R 2 = 0.9853

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0.00275 0.0028 0.00285 0.0029

lnF=-Ea/R＊1/Tg

（F：Frequency Measurement）

lnF

1/Tg

傾き：Ea




開発 Film（2K）比較 Film（2K）比較 Film（1K）

Bridged structure の

Image

Dynamic Tg[℃] Mid Low High

tanδmax High High Low

n[mol/cc] High Low Mid

Ea[KJ/mol] High High Low

Scratch Shield

Development Comparison (2K) Comparison (1K)




Climate resistance（S-UV）×Car wash cycle Test

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

cycle数 Market 5year相当負荷

Brig

htn

ess [Δ

L]

Scra

tchが目立たない

SpecΔL≦５

SCRATCHSHIELD 1K 1KN

cycles of car wash test

Inconspic

uous o

f scra

tch





Bag Scratch

Dry wipe Scratch

Clothes Scratch

BMPR & BMPR touch Scratch


Nail Scratch

Car wash Scratch

9 Incidence of Scratch

Potential

Bush Scratch

Ski board Scratch

SCRATCHSHIELD Conv. Clear coat




Distinction （Primary）

0

1

2

3

4

5 Distinction （Aged）

Anti-scratch

Anti-Yellowing/fade

Gloss （Primary）

Gloss （Aged）

Acid resistance Blister resistance

Anti-chipping

Crack resistance

Anti-dirt

Anti-大気降下Property

water-repellent性（Primary）

water-repellent性（Aged）

SFHC

SHC

Conv.

SCRATCH SHIELD

fallen(bird drop,sap,etc)




SFHC

SHC

Conv.

SCRATCH SHIELD

Distinction （Primary）

0

1

2

3

4

5 Distinction （Aged）

Anti-scratch

Gloss （Primary）

Gloss （Aged）

Acid resistance Blister resistance

Anti-chipping

Crack resistance

Anti-dirt

Anti-大気降下Property

water-repellent性（Primary）

water-repellent性（Aged）

Anti-Yellowing/fade fallen(bird drop,sap,etc)



The End?

nissan scratch shield - carekonkret · s.brindle: ntc-e 2012 & t.nomoto: ntc-j 2012 nissan...

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