niso - an introduction for new committees. niso history formed in 1939 originally known as ansi...
TRANSCRIPT
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NISO - An Introduction for New Committees
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NISO History
• Formed in 1939• Originally known as ANSI Committee Z39• ANSI Accredited - Follows ANSI consensus
process• Manages US participation in related standards
activities in ISO (International Organization for Standards) TC46 (Technical Committee on Information and Documentation)
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NISO Organization
• Supported by Voting Members - currently around 70 - can accept non US based organizations as members
• Executive Director - Pat Harris• Board of Directors• Standards Development Committee• Standards Committees - charged to develop a
particular standard
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NISO Standards Development Committee
• Responsible for overseeing the technical work of NISO
• Decides on new work proposals to be undertaken
• SDC members work as liaisons with individual committees
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NISO Constituency Major Constituencies
Libraries
National Libraries
Library Associations
Publishers
Primary Publishers
Secondary Publishers
Abstracting and Indexing Organizations
Aggregators
Information Providers
Library Automation Vendors
Professional Societies
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Areas of Standardization
Information Storage and Retrieval - e.g. Z39.50
Codes and Numbering Systems - e.g. ISBN, DOI
Library Management - e.g. Library Statistics, Criteria for Price Indexes
Preservation - e.g. Permanence of Paper
Knowledge organization - e.g. Monolingual thesauri
Publishing - e.g. Scientific and Technical Reports, Digital talking book
Buildings, Furniture, Supplies - e.g. Shelving
Metadata - e.g. Technical Metadata for Still Images
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Standards & Guidelines
• Standards - Contain normative methods, materials, or practices which must be followed in order to be in conformance
• Guidelines - non-normative recommendations - all elements are discretionary and may be used as stated or modified to meet specific needs
• Otherwise identical in terms of content, process
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NISO Proceedures
• Based on ANSI Procedures
• 4 Basic Components– Openness (public record)– Due process– Balance of interests– Consensus (not unanimity) (2/3 of those
voting, excl. abstentions, as long as this = 1/2 of all Voting Members)
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Standards Process - New Proposals
• Anybody can submit proposal
• Proposals reviewed by SDC– is it within NISO scope?
– Does it fill a need?
– What is the technical, economic, and political feasibility of the proposal being developed?
• If approved, Standards Committee may be formed
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Requirements for Standards Committee Members
• Membership must be approved and supported by employer or parent organization
• Must agree to commit the time required to do the work in timeframe specified in committee timetable
• Must commit to attend the meetings of the committee
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Managing the Work of a Standards Committee
• Plan a regular schedule of meetings - face to face, conference calls
• Make use of electronic communications• Keep detailed and accurate minutes• Develop detailed work plan at first meeting• Meetings (including conference calls) are open
to observers - however they may not participate in any Official votes of the committee
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Other Good Practices
• SDC liaison is a resource - make use of it and keep liaison informed
• Adopt techniques that will maximize speed of development
• When defining glossary of terms make use of relevant definitions from other NISO standards to avoid duplication and differing definitions
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Standards Committee Work Plan
• Detailed list of tasks necessary to accomplish committee charge
• Timetable for completion that includes intermediate milestones - goal should be completion of first draft within 18 months - keep timetable up- to- date as work progresses
• Estimated budget for committee that includes such expenses as travel, telephone costs, consultant costs, etc
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Standard Development - Phases
• Data gathering• Drafting the proposed document• Review and refinement• Committee consensus• Official ballot• Responding to comments
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Data Gathering
• Actively solicit data and input from interested and knowledgeable organizations and individuals
• Gather and analyze relevant data on current practices
• Gather and analyze relevant or proposed existing national, international, and other standards in the area
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Producing a First Draft• Appoint a committee member to be in charge• Consider assigning committee members specific
responsibilities for sections of the document• Consider hiring an outside editor or consultant
to help with writing - if technical writer not a member of committee - done in consultation with NISO
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Review and Refinement
• Successive versions should be produced according to timetable in work plan
• Ways to get review include:
– circulating to NISO members for comment
– posting a draft on NISO Web site
– distributing to known experts
– posting to relevant mailing lists
– announcing availability of draft at professional meeting and conferences
– giving presentations to increase awareness
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Committee Consensus
• Committee must agree when a draft is ready for DSFTU or ballot
• Draft should be stable and mature and technical content should be complete
• A formal vote of the committee is required to show consensus has been reached
• A two thirds majority of the full committee is required
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Draft Standard for Trial Use (DSFTU)
• Way to get rapid, operational experience• Draft is published on NISO website and
promoted• Feedback from implementations solicited
• After 12-36 months, must be balloted (with or without revisions) or withdrawn
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Official Ballot
• Committee prepares a submittal package that includes the draft standard and a report containing:– explanation of the significance and value of
the document– major issues that were resolved in
developing the document– changes introduced if a revision to an
existing standard
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NISO Voting Positions - New Standards
• Affirmative - supports approval without substantive change - comments may be provided
• Negative with comment - does not approve - reasons must be given along with specific actions which if taken would remove objection
• Abstain with reason
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Responding to Comments
• All comments must be acknowledged, fully considered and responded to
• Committee must respond in writing within 60 days - committee may prepare an individual response to each commenter or prepare a composite response
• All correspondence with commenters becomes part of the official record
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Addressing Negative Votes• All negative votes must be carefully
considered, responded to, and a resolution sought
• SC tries to convince voter to change vote:– by justifying existing text– by changing text
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Changes to a Draft
• Committee must document and categorize all changes made to a draft after a ballot
• Changes are of two types:– Substantive - requires a reballot– Editorial (including clarification)
• Committee is charged with making a fair and honest categorization of changes
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Substantive Changes
• A change that directly or materially affects those who will use the standard or guideline
• Examples:– changing “may” to “must” or vice versa– changing any of the technical content or
requirements
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Editorial Changes• Do not directly or materially affect the use of
the standard or guideline
• E.g. correcting misspellings, adding examples or words for clarification
• Example:– Old: “ The identifier shall not exceed 50
characters”
– New: “ The maximum length of the identifier shall be 50 characters”
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Fast Track Process• method for balloting fully formed documents that
are not already ANSI standards, e.g.– ISO standards – NISO DSFTUs– standards out of non-ANSI agencies
• document cannot be changed as part of process– revision and reballot procedures don’t apply– comments and negative votes must be
responded to
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Reconsideration Ballot
• If negative votes can not be resolved standard can still go forward (though rarely used)
• Negative comments are sent to all NISO voting members who are given the opportunity to change their votes based on the comments
• If no vote changes, standard can be forwarded to ANSI - there is an appeals process for negative voters at ANSI
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Approval !
• Standard gets official ANSI document number• Standard is published by NISO press• Standard is available free of charge from NISO
website• Standards Committee is thanked and retired
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Maintenance
• All requests for changes, clarification, corrections considered
• May have maintenance agency assigned• Must be reviewed every 5 years and affirmed,
revised, withdrawn• If not reviewed in 10 years, automatically
withdrawn by ANSI
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For More Information
• NISO website: http://www.niso.org• NISO Operating Procedures:
http://www.niso.org/pdfs/OpProc.pdf • NISO Style Guide• Information Standards Quarterly