nils-krister persson
TRANSCRIPT
Nils-Krister Persson PhD
ass. Professor, docent
head of Smart Textiles Technology Lab
Swedish School of Textiles, University of Borås,
Textile is unique among classes of man-made materials
Textile and textile community creates problem
Textile and textile processing provides solutions
If textiles did not exist…
If textiles did not exist…All humans wear textiles: 100% market coverage
There has been no culture ever not having textiles
Textiles is ever present 24-7 in human life: 20 min 1.39 % is textileless
If textiles did not exist…All humans wear textiles: 100% market coverage
There has been no culture ever not having textiles
Textiles is ever present 24-7 in human life: 20 min 1.39 % is textileless
▪ Create 2D surfaces - cheap and with precision
▪ Obtain lightweight materials
▪ 2D continuity ▪ Cover large and small
objects (mm)2 to (km)2
▪ Interfaces ▪ Drape ▪ Create flexible function ▪ Handle (1D) strength ▪ Create distance ▪ Create porous layers ▪ Create dense layer ▪ Express aesthetics ▪ Patterns - periodic ▪ Create high tensile
strength ▪ Keep moisture
I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans
Technosphere• synthetic, artificial,
man-made realm• System• Functions• Artefacts
Biosphere • the totality of
biological matter• system• functions• biofacts
Characteristics of biofacts and “nature as a manufacturer”
The way technology address these items
Biological materials are made from one or both of two polymers: proteins (poly(amino acids)) and polysaccharides (polymers mostly of six-carbon sugars or hexoses).
For plastic a very large number of polymers have been synthesis showing a wide spectrum of properties. Besides metal and metal alloys, ceramics, glass are used
Fluxes of energy, info and materials Fluxes of energy, info and materialsWaterbased chemistry Water is used in industrial processes but also a
spectrum of hazardous solventsStructures are often hierarchical Sometimes hierarchicalSelf-assembly Top-down such as drilling, cutting, sawing -
subtractive manufacturingBottom up Top-down Rounded surfaces Typical sharp, square, surfaces; trianglesFlexibility, pliability Rigid, hardSoft matter (exceptions include teeth) Hard (metals, synthetic diamonds and alike)Adaption (sometimes tropism, or on long term : migration)
Artefacts are dead, just recently “smart” materials have appeared
Recyclable and degradable Deposition, just recently recyclingFibres i.e. prolonged structures common Rods, tubes, pillars, all stiff are commonComposites CompositesPorous, Often impermeable sides for protectionwater beneficial in fluxes and processes water destructivePeriodicity on some scale Materials both and without periodicity exist
Comparison of biofacts from a material point of view and counterparts in techne, and, in mid column textile matching indicated by X
Comparing the artificial, biofacts and textiles
Characteristics of biofacts and “nature as a manufacturer”
The way technology address these items
Biological materials are made from one or both of two polymers: proteins (poly(amino acids)) and polysaccharides (polymers mostly of six-carbon sugars or hexoses).
X For plastic a very large number of polymers have been synthesis showing a wide spectrum of properties. Besides metal and metal alloys, ceramics, glass are used
Fluxes of energy, info and materials Fluxes of energy, info and materialsWaterbased chemistry Water is used in industrial processes but also a
spectrum of hazardous solventsStructures are often hierarchical X Sometimes hierarchicalSelf-assembly X Top-down such as drilling, cutting, sawing -
subtractive manufacturingBottom up X Top-down Rounded surfaces X Typical sharp, square, surfaces; trianglesFlexibility, pliability X Rigid, hardSoft matter (exceptions include teeth) X Hard (metals, synthetic diamonds and alike)Adaption (sometimes tropism, or on long term : migration)
Artefacts are dead, just recently “smart” materials have appeared
Recyclable and degradable X Deposition, just recently recyclingFibres i.e. prolonged structures common Rods, tubes, pillars, all stiff are commonComposites X CompositesPorous, X Often impermeable sides for protectionwater beneficial in fluxes and processes water destructivePeriodicity on some scale X Materials both and without periodicity exist
Comparison of biofacts from a material point of view and counterparts in techne, and, in mid column textile matching indicated by X
Comparing the artificial, biofacts and textiles
II. Textile is the class of material closest to Nature
STATUS IDENTITY
BELONGING
BEE SEEN IDENTIFY
INCLU-EXCLUSION
ESTETICS CULTURE
ZEIT GEIST
SEX GENDER
SEXUALITY
AGE POWER
OCCUPATION
III. Textile is the class of material closest to EMOTIONS
Textile is unique among classes of man-made materials
I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans
II. Textile is the class of material closest to Nature
III. Textile is the class of material closest to EMOTIONS and Mental states
Smart Textiles - For a better world through textile innovation
The largest resource for textile research in Northern EuropeFull scale equipment Yarn spinning Weaving Knitting Textile printing Coating Sewing
Borås, Sweden ¨The Textile Centre
of Sweden¨
Health and Medicine Architecture and InteriorSustainable Textiles
Smart Textiles
CLEAN, ACCESSIBLE WATER
ENSURING HEALTHY LIVES
THE POWER OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
RUNNING OUT OF RAW MATERIALS
THE BRIDGE
Textiles do adress all these
some quick examples from us
Clean, Accessible Water
Clean, Accessible Water
Xia Huang, Yaobin Meng, Peng Liang, Yi Qian Operational conditions of a membrane filtration reactor coupled with photocatalytic oxidation Separation and Purification Technology Volume 55, Issue 2, 15 June 2007, P 165–172
?fixed bed reactors slurry reactors
Remediation (water) reactors - the basic constructions
Figure of merit=Ac /Ap Ac total area coated Ac projected area
Clean, Accessible Water
Xia Huang, Yaobin Meng, Peng Liang, Yi Qian Operational conditions of a membrane filtration reactor coupled with photocatalytic oxidation Separation and Purification Technology Volume 55, Issue 2, 15 June 2007, P 165–172
?
fixed bed reactors slurry reactorsfluffy
Remediation (water) reactors - the basic constructions
Textile characterizations: Softness, pliability Drapability Cuttable Foldable Possible to roll up Transportable Covering Large area systems 2D Thinness Low weight Cheap, repeatable Mature technology Culturally accepted
Figure of merit=Ac /Ap Ac total area coated Ac projected area
Clean, Accessible Water
Clean, Accessible Water
Biosorption of Artificial wetland fabrics. Copper concentration in the surrounding solution versus time using Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, AAS.
Clean, Accessible Water
• Textiles as a basic for water purification• Targeting
-Microorganisms -Metals
• Large area• Simplicity• Eco perspective• Merging textiles and life science• Waste water, storm water, deposits,
remediation
Ensuring Healthy Lives
Question Supporting Medicine&Care sector for enhanced care demand Medical textiles as enabler for selfempowerment
Target Patient suffering from spacticity Electrostimulation of muscles
Result Available product on the Scandinatvian market. Through the cooperation Electrodress has access to possible producers. Deeper research projects together with researchers from the University of Boras financed by KK stiftelsen.
I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans
Ensuring Healthy Lives
Question Supporting Medicine&Care sector for enhanced care demand Medical textiles as enabler for selfempowerment
Target Patient suffering from spacticity Electrostimulation of muscles
Result Available product on the Scandinavian market. Through the cooperation Electrodress has access to possible producers. Deeper research projects together with researchers from the University of Boras financed by KK stiftelsen.
I. Textile is the class of material closest to humans
The Power Of Sustainable Energy
• Small solar panels 100mW/cm2 in direct sunlight and 100μW/cm2 in indirect light. • Thermoelectric devices 10 mW/cm2 furnace exhaust stack. 10μW/cm2 body heat •Piezoelectric elements 100μW/cm2 depending on their size and construction. • RF energy harvesting 100pW/cm2
Energy harvesting: •light, •heat differentials •vibrating beams •transmitted RF signals
The Power Of Sustainable Energy
• Small solar panels 100mW/cm2 in direct sunlight and 100μW/cm2 in indirect light. • Thermoelectric devices 10 mW/cm2 furnace exhaust stack. 10μW/cm2 body heat •Piezoelectric elements 100μW/cm2 depending on their size and construction. • RF energy harvesting 100pW/cm2
Energy harvesting: •light, •heat differentials •vibrating beams •transmitted RF signals
The Power Of Sustainable Energy
Piezoelectricity - electricity or electric polarity due to pressure especially in a crystalline substance Encyclopedia Britannica
Focus shoe/sole/sock
▪ (relative) stability ▪ fix structures neareby ▪ periodicity in patterns ▪ “textilization” possible ▪ short wiring distances ▪ Basal area for human
movement ▪ Important for most
sports ▪ Breddidrott – event
organizers STEPS Smart Textiles Evaluation Platform for Socks
The Power Of Sustainable Energy
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
The Gap Peak Cotton
Fossil based raw materials
Environment and CSR
Running Out Of Raw Materials
The GapWorld population = world demand
World fibre production capability
year
The Gap
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Peak Cotton- Food vs cotton - Fresh water issue - Pesticide spread
Then, what are we doing?
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock Re:
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock
Paper textile
5 kg 3 kg
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock
Peak Cotton, really…?
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstockFrom a pair of jeans to
the YELLOW SHIRT
The world first
chemically recycled cotton
garment
Project: Den gula klänningen by: Lena-Marie Jensen, SKS, KTH Re:newcell AB, GreenHouse Labs
Recycled textile fibres
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock From cellulose to
the WHITE
ONEPIECE
Swedish pulp 90% and10%
Re:newcell Project: Textiles back to textiles
Wood cellulose based textile
CO2
One of the most severe problems whatsoever
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock
…-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-…
This is what is needed
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock
New feedstock? AIR!?
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock
Project: Made from Air
Dedicated Institute, Smart Textiles, Swedish School of Textiles
climate neutral textiles climate POSITIVE textiles
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
New feedstock
Re: -Reuse, reduce,
recycle -Resource focused
- ”Det glömda och gömda” - Waste
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Re:
Re: For the textile
community: Redesign, refresh, repair, redo
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Re:
Re: - Textile is a material class that is possible to
work with - Slöjd in school - Artist in shops (co-creation) - Transparent value chains - Empower the industry
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Running Out Of Raw Materials
Re:
Welcome! Contact: [email protected]
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