NikonPHOTOMICROGRAPHIC ATTACHMENTS

A F M, E F M and P F M

Instructions

NIPPON KOGAKU K.K.

Introduction

We of the Nippon Kogaku K.K. wish to extend a sincere "thank you" for your pur-chase of the Nikon Photomicrographic Attachment.To take full advantage of its excellency and conveniency, please review this instructionmanual thoroughly, in which the correct setting of the instrument on your microscopefor photomicrography is mainly explained.The Nikon Photomicrographic Attachment is available in three models, AFM, EFMand PFM. Since almost the same setting procedure is applicable to all the models, wewill describe it on the model of AFM in this instruction manual.

Cautions .In Handling

* Carry out photomicrography at all times in a place not subjected to seriousvibration, dust, moisture or the like.

* When not using the models AFM and EFM for a long period, remove the batteriesout of the instrument.

* For the model AFM, use the shutter box and the control box with the same serialnumber, because they have been in this combination precisely adjusted to eachother.

AFM-B EFM-B PFM-B

Contents

SYSTEM OF M ICROFLEX 4

NOMENCLATURE 6

35mm FI LM PHOTOMICROGRAPHY 8Assembl ing the shutter housing and the microscope. . . . . . . . . . .. 8Connecting the camera adapter to the camera body 9Setting the picture frame direction ., 10Loading the film. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 11Attaching the cable release 11Attaching the connecting cord (only in AFM) 12Batteries 3,3

MICROFLEX AFMR (ROLL-FI LM CAMERA) 14Attaching the C.P.R. cone 14Loading the film 15Placing the mask 15Type of film 16Setting the film speed (ASA) 16Film advance 16

MICROFLEX AFMC (SHEET-FI LM OR PHOTOPLATE CAMERA) 17

Attaching the magazine holder 17Placing the sheet-film (in the dark room) 18Placing the photographic plate (in the dark room) 18Inserting the magazine 18

MICROFLEX AFMP (POLAROID ® LAND CAMERA) 19Attaching the camera holder 19Placing the film 20

COMBINATIONS OF FILM AND FILTER 21

NORMAL PHOTOGRAPHIC DATA 21

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY WITH AFM 22* Automatic Setting 22

A. Setting the film speed (ASA) . 22B. Compensation of exposure 23C. Compensation of exposure in AFM 24

*Manual Setting 24

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY WITH EFM 25

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY WITH PFM 27

SYSTEM OF MICROFLEX

35mm Camerabox M-35A

35mm Camerabox M-35S

35mm Nikon Fmount camera.s.

Signal9 Q Motor .-cord cord •...._---- ...

Camera adapter Ffor Nikon F moucamera

Camera adapter B for Leicatype screw mount camera

~~II X X Relay/projection lens

Focusing magnifier

Dust cap

Ocular finder

Projection finderMagnifying glass

5'-

~35mm Doublecamera head(With X X projection lens)

1..4c')

Shutter ho

Shutterhousing "A"

Eyepiece adapter for standard microscopes(for 25mm outside dia.tube)

'* The first symbol letter of model namessuch as ~.

4

6x9cm (8 exposuresJRoll-film holder

2~' x 3~' Sheet-film orphoto plate magazine

~zine Ih;;id~rSA-

3?C x 4K' Polaroid ®land camera with type100 or 180 back holder

~Polaroid 545land film holder

4"x5" Sheet-film holder

I~"~I ••1_-

1-_1

'-~

"",kon~.-~ .j .I•• ••:4" x 5" Back frame

2 maskssupplied6x6cm (12 exposures)6x4.5cm (16 exposuresJ(Use No. 120filmJ

Shutter housing "P"

cone with 1.3X Relay/projection lens

Connecting cord

to AFM onlyJ ~ ~ ---------- ••••

Neutral density(N.D.J filter

Green filter

Color barance(C.B.J filter

Eyepiece adapter for stereoscopic microscopes(for 36.5mm outside dia. tube)

AfMB . representsthe type of the shutter housing in combination.

5

NOMENCLATURE

Dust cap

Ocular finder<for high magnificatio~

photomicrography

Lock ring)Index for diopter:\

Diopter scale .'L\

Diopter ringJ

Locating pin

Focusing magnifier~se together in low magni->

fication photomicrography

Projection finder<for low magnification>'photorn icrography

Magnifying glass

i

Finderconnection screw

Shutter housing "A"

Cable release socket::~:"[~~'~"~aX synchronization

contact 1!!!l!!!!~"'~~~~!!!Standard •eyepiece adapter

AUTO/MANUALswitch

Eyepiece sleeve --rCJ:~~~clamp screw

6

Shutter speed dial __ .-rl

for MANUi\L

lIikolJ

Shutter speed setting knob--IIlr--a I ..~(Time button) ~

Shutter housing "E" Control bo

+,~~~;;~~t==ASA dial~ Shutter speed dial

Cable release socket l ndex :

X~

Mercury battery housing

Shutter he

Standard eyepieceadapter

Shutter housing "P"

Cable release socket

Prism clamp

X S1

Shutter housing" A"

Mount--~~~~~~~~~Aligni~g index

--plug--- Receptacle

Battery case lid(side)

ASA dial for AUTO

Signal lamp

(

The lamp will be "OFF")when the shutter is closedor when the battery volt-age reduces below therated value.

Groove fo r finderlocating pin

(in vertical pictu re)format position

DGroovefor finderlocating pin

(in horizontal. Picture)format position

Eyepiece adapterconnecting ring

O. AOJ dial for AUTO'

»osure meter window

ndex for ASA setting

shutter speed setti ng

chronization contact

CdS cell housing

.inq "E"

Shutter housing "E"

S·F change-over lever

Power supply switchfor exposure meter

ON/OFF index forpower supply

Index for setting cineshu tter speed

~Cine shutter speedselector ring

'ex for shutter speed

hronization contact

Shutter housing "P"

Shutter speedsetting knob

-:l!!!!I!L- __ Shutter Charge lever

35Camera box M-35S

t~

l i.,slide

35mm/half-sizechange-over knob

Winding button

Winding lever

Rewind crank

Camera adapter B Camera adapter F

Screw forprojection lens

Leica type screw mount Bayonet

When ,,--;

Connectin _

Ux Relay/projection lens

. High-eyepointeyepiece

Intermediaring -'---'

Bayonet

Connecting r-;;

Aligning index

'----Attaching index

Wher ~ -

Mountattachingscrew

Low-eyepointeyepiece

7

3Smm FILM PHOTOMICROGRAPHY

Connecting ring

High-eyepointeyepiece

Intermediatering

Shutterhousing

When using high-eyepoint eyepiece

Low-eyepointeyepiece

When using low-eyepoint eyepiece

Shutterhousing

Assembling the shutter housing and themicroscope

rnDetach the eyepiece adapter from theshutter housing.

I2lPlace the adapter into the eyepiece sleeveof microscope. In this case, set theadapter in such a position that the topsurface of the eyep iece is Ii ttl e lowerthan the top edge of the adapter.

(Handling the Eyepiece Adapter of StandardType)

[iilWhen using the Nikon high-eyepoint eye-pieceEx.: HK5X, HKW1OX, HKW15X, etc.

[EJWhen using the Nikon low-eyepoint eye-pieceEx.: H5X, WF10X, etc.

8

@llnsert the connecting bottom of theshutter housing into the top of the eye-piece adapter.Fasten it with the lock screw.

~Release the eyepiece sleeve lock screw,and lower the shutter housing until theinside comes in contact with the top ofthe eyepiece.Refasten it firmly.

Connecting the camera adapter to thecamera body

~ Beforehand, screw the Yz X projectionlens into the camera adapter type B(Leica type). Then, screw the cameraadapter into the camera body. Releasethe connection of the camera adapterwith the projection lens.

9

~ Bring the black dot on the flange to thefront or the side of the camera depend-ing upon whether a vertical or horizontalformat has been selected.Turn the projection lens to fasten it inposition.

CZlAligning the red arrow on he bayonetflange of the lens with the black dot onthe shutter housing, place the adapteronto the shutter housing. In th is position,turn it in the direction of the arrow,until the black dots on the flange andthe housing are aligned with each other.Fasten firmly the clamp screw on theback.

Setting the picture frame direction

IeJAttach the viewfinder in such a positionthat its picture frame inside coincideswith that of the camera.

10

Loading the film

~To open the camera back, pull down thelatch on the side of the camera.

IlQIAfter loading the film correctly, advancethe film one or two pictures by windingup the lever.

The film advances in the same direc-tion as the winding lever is wound upin the dark boxes M-35A and M-35S.

Attaching the cable release

Screw the cable release straight into thesocket on the side of the shutter housing.

WICase of A FM

The shutter release should be pushed Inas far as possible. Do not release theshutter again, wh ile the signal lamp islighting.

11

IT1lCaseof EFM

IITlCase of PFM

Attaching the connecting cord (only inAFM)

!I1lAttaching: Fit the end of the cord intothe socket and push it in straight for-wards.

12

~Detaching: Pull it out gently and straightturning its plug in the direction of thered arrow.

Batteries

Deposit the batteries following the plus(+) and minus (-) indications.

1m Case of AFM

4 batteries (6V)

IITlCaseof EFM

1 mercury battery• Mercury batteries (1.3V) on the market

National M-1 DMallory PX-13, RM-625REveready E625G.E. No. 625

13

MICROFLEX AFMR (ROLL-FILM CAMERA)

• The M ICROF LEX AFMR (roll-filmcamera) is used for taking pictures 6x9,6x6 and 6x4.5cm in size on black-and-white or color type 120 roll-film.

Attaching the C.P.R. cone

This is used commonly with a sheet-filmcamera, Polaroid ® Land camera and roll-film camera

rn Place the C.P. R. cone on top of the shut-ter houisng, aligning the red arrow on thebayonet flange of the C.P.R. cone to theblack dot on the shutter housing. In thisposition, turn the cone in the directionof the arrow until the black dot indicescome into coincidence with each other.Fasten it with the lock screw on the backof the shutter housing.

~Place the roll-film camera on top of thec.P. R. cone so that the white indicesmeet each other.Fasten it with the lock screw on the backof the cone.

14

Loading the film

@JTo open the roll-film camera back, drawout the latch.

~After loading the film correctly, windup the film leader on the take-up spooluntil the arrow (starting mark) printedon the leader comes about to the centerof the camera.

Placing the mask

~When the picture size is desired to be6x6cm- or 6x4.5cm, it is necessary toplace the respective mask inside the fi Imholder. Facing the surface of the maskwith projected brims toward the innerside of the holder, insert the one cross-wise edge of the mask into the groove inthe film holder and then, bending themask sl ightly, insert the opposi te edge inthe opposite grooves.

15

Type of film

[QJSet the film type dial on the outsideof the fi Im chamber to the type of thefilm being loaded.

Setting the film speed rASA)

lZlThe ASA speed of the film loaded is tobe shown in the window on the top ofthe film winding knob.

Film advance

~Open the film counter window for theused picture size on the camera back bymeans of the small knob. Wind up thefilm winding knob as far as the numeralon the film back paper appears in the redarrow.Be sure to pullout the dark slide beforepicture taking.

16

MICROFLEX AFMC(SHEET-FILM OR PHOTO PLATE CAM ERA)• The magazine holder accepts the maga-

zine containing a sheet of film (2U"x3U" or 6x9cm) or a photographicplate of the same size or a film pack

• The magazine holder has a focusingscreen, which is conveniently used whenit is difficult to focus through the finderin taking photomicrograph at lowermagn ifications

Attaching the magazine holder

IT] Fit the magazine holder onto the conetop, with its white dot brought oppositeto that on the cone. In th is positionfasten firmly the lock screw on the back.

17

Photographic plate

Placing the sheet-film (in the dark room)

~Open the cover, and place the sheet-filmin the magazine with its notch joinedtogether with that of the pressure plate.

Placing the photographic plate (in the darkroom)

~ Remove the pressure plate. Place a photo-graphic plate with the emulsion sidedownward in the magazine.

Inserting the magazine

~Pushing from above the spring lever, in-sert the magazine facing the film surfacedownward. Be sure to pullout the darksl ide before picture taking.

18

MICROFLEX AFMP(POLAROID~ LAND CAMERA)

• Use Polaroid pack film of 3U" x 4U"(82mmx 107mm) in size.

• Film packs usableType 107: positive for black and whiteType 108: positive for colorType 105: positive and negative for

black and wh ite

Attaching the camera holder

rn Insert the camera holder, with its wh itedot brought opposite to that on the cone.In this position fasten firmly the lockscrew on the rear side.

19

;; ..;:~.:::==-~=------_ ..-

Placing the film

Though the following instructions are fortype 107, same for other types.

~Take out the film magazine. Holding theend of the fi I rn. take care of the hand ling.

~To open the camera back, push the clasp(part of 0 ).Insert the magaz ine.

l4IAfter closing the camera back, pulloutthe dark sl ide. Now, all has been preparedfor making exposure.Besure to pullout the dark slide beforepicture taking.

/'

20

COMBINATIONS OF FILM AND FILTER

No adequate filter available. Not suitable for photomicrography.

S-Ke . L-Ke APOPHOT·

Fujichrome R-WO C B-14 C B-14+ C C10M+ C C10B

Sakura R-l00 C B -14 C B -14+ C C 10M + C C 10B

C B-14+ C ClOM(- C C20M) C B -14+ C C 20M (+ C C lOB)Ektachrome-X

CB-14+CC20M(+CC10B)Kodachrome-II C B -14+ C C 10M (- C C 20M)

Kodachrome-X

CC fi Iters: Nikon supplies three types CClOM, CC20M and CC10B ofgelatine filters 45mm in diameter, each sandwitched between twoglass plates. Various types of CC gelatine filters are also suppliedin Kodak and Fuji.The above table is given on the basis of Kodak gelatine fi Iters.

NORMAL PHOTOGRAPHIC DATA

Objective: Achromat lOX, 40XEyepiece: HKW lOXCondenser: AchromatVoltage: 7.5V±O.5VND 8X filter is to be used with an objective 20X or lower.

* This data, only to be taken as standard, may be subject to modification underpractical conditions such as staining of the specimen, the type of film, developmentof the film. If an old lamp bulb, with a reduced color temperature, is used, adifferent color redition will result.

21

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY WITH AFM

CDBring the finder image in sharp focus and compose the picture.®Push the "Auto" (white colored) side of the change-over switch.®Set the film speed (ASA) on the ASA dial.

(If a film of a sensitivity not indicated on the dial is used, manipulate the D. ADJdial for adjustrnent.)

@ For a minute adjustment of exposure, use the D. ADJ dial.®With the dark slide left in the camera, release the shutter to check for the correct

operation of the signal lamp.® Draw out the dark slide. Then, making sure of the sharp focusing and desired com-

posing, release the shutter.(j) Being sure that the signal lamp has turned off, advance the film.

• The film speeds (ASA) not indicated on the dial correspond to the intermediatevalues as shown by the blue colored figures as below.

*Automatic Setting

A. Setting the film speed (ASA) < Same in EFM>

25

I I -1620

50

I I-3240

100 200 400 800 1600 3200

I I - I I- 1,- I I- 1,- 1,-64 80 125 250 500 1000 2000160 320 640 1250 2500

12

I -10

When the ASA dial hasbeen set to ASA 50, thefilm speeds to be adjustedare indicated by the smalldots around the D. ADJdial as shown in Fig. 1.

22

ASA25\1

ASA32\ ~

•

ASA 5 -0.

AS 64

A

Fig. 1

B. Compensation of exposure -- Cautions to be taken in exposure measurement< Same in EFM>

• FilterFor stained specimen of strong red tinge, make the exposure slightly over themeasured value, and for that of strong blue tinge, make the exposure sl ightlyunder. When green filter is used, set the D ADJ dial % step under .

• Distribution of object in the specimenDepending upon the distribution and contrast of the objects within the findermask for 35mm film, the following compensations are necessary.

Conditions of Objects distributed Object area Large brightnessdifference amongspecimen uniformly extremely small objects

Compensation As indicated by Make over- Make under-exposure meter exposure exposure

Figure to be Fig.2 Fig.3 Fig 4referred

Picture areas covered by the masks in the finder

for 35mm film ~.for 3Y." x 4Y." Polaroidfor 6x9cm roll film

for 4"x5" film

rsingle Iine cross-hair is proVid-JDouble line cross-hair Led in the projection finder

y. x for 16mm film

1.3X for 6x6cm roll film

1.3X for 6x4_5cm roll film

Fig_ 5

23

C. Compensation of exposure in AFM

The exposure compensation when using AFM is performed by means of both the ASAdial and D. ADJ dial, as described previouslyFor example: Using AFMB in 35mm photography

• Film speed: ASA 32• Compensation for specimen Ys step over-exposure desired• Compensation for green filter: % step under-exposure desired

In this example, the settings on the dials will be as shown below: .

At ~ X ASA 25 3i step + ~ step % step

L ASA 32 . ~ LCompensation J LCompensation Jsetting for specimen for filter

That is: ASA dial setting at ~ X to ASA 25 (Fig. 6)D. ADJ dial setting to % step under (Fig. 71

1600-

200-

*Manual Setting

Fig. 6

Under, Fig. 7

Over, Under,CD Bring the finder image in sharp focus and compose the picture.® Push the "Manual" (red-colored) side of the change-over switch® Set the desired shutter speed on the shutter speed dial.@ With the dark slide left in the camera, release the shutter to check for the correct

operation of the signal lamp.® Draw out the dark slide. Then, making sure of sharp focusing and desired com-

posing, release the shutter.(When "T' shutter is used, push the "Time Button" at the time the desired ex-posure time has been given.)

® Being sure that the signal lamp has been turned off, advance the film.

24

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY WITH EFM

CDBeforehand, bring the finder image in sharp focus and compose the picture.®Switch ON the power source.®Set the film speed on the ASA dial to the operating magnification.@Set the S-F change-over lever to S.

InS-setting: Shutter operation is coupled to the speeds ~o - 1 sec., BandT (at each stop).

In F-setting: Exposure measurement up to 8, 16 and 32, in addition to theshutter speeds in S-setting, is possible. However, no shutter operationis coupled.

How to Set:* For setting to S

Pullout slightly the knob on the S-Fchange-over lever, and turn it to theposition where S comes to the index.Then, turn the T-dial to the left or tothe right so that the dial, as is turned,clicks at each scale marking. (Fig. 8and 9)

* For setting to FDraw out slightly the knob on the S-Fchange-over lever and turn it until theF comes to the index.Even when an exposure time has beendetermined by F-setting, it is necessaryto return to the S-setting and releasethe shutter at B or T. If the shutter bereleased in F-setting, it will operate atthe speed prev iously set in S-setti ng,with the result that the shutter will notbe released at the speed determined.

Fig. 9

®With the S-F change-over lever, turn the exposure time dial so that the pointerneedle on the exposure meter comes to the sma!1 circle at the center.

Switched OFF under-exposure

Correctexposure

Over-exposure

® Draw out the dark sl ide. Making sure of the sharp focusing and desired composing,release the shutter.

25

Coupling Range of Exposure Meter

• Magnification 1/2X for 35mm film with EFMB, EFMF and EFMD

~ 32 16 8 4 2 1 ?i U U Xs ;<0 Wo 3-f2s 7{soASA time

10- 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

32- 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

64- 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

125- 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

250- 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

500- 800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1000-1600 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2000-3200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

• Magnification 1.3X with EFMR, EFMC and EFMP

~ 32 16 8 4 2 1 U U U Us ;<0 Wo 3-f2s ~oASA time

10- 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

16- 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

250- 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

500- 800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1000-1600 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2000-3200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

• Magnification l.4X with EFM l6-C

~ 32 16 8 4 2 1 ?i U U Us 3<0 %', 3-f2s J.j;SoASA time

10- 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

20- 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

40- 64 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

80- 125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

160- 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

320- 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

640- 800 0 0 0 0 0 0

0: shows the coupling range

26

PHOTOMICROGRAPHY WITH PFM

<D Beforehand, bring the finder image in sharp focus and compose the picture.® Draw out the dark sl ide from the camera box.

With Nikon F, Nikomat or another Leica-type camera, fully open the shutter inthe camera.

® After setting the shutter to the speed desired, charge the shutter.@ Set the prism clamp.® Making sure of the sharp focusing and desired composing.® Release the shutter.CVAdvance the film end proceed to the next exposure.

We reserve the right to make such alterations indesign as we may consider necessary in the light ofexperience. For this reason, particulars and illustra-tions in this handbook may not conform in everydetail to models in current production.

27

Printed in Japan (75. 1. B) A-I