niger state energy sector (1)
TRANSCRIPT
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POWER GENERATION – POVERTY ELIMINATION
WHAT ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES AWAIT AN ENERGY
EFFICIENT NIGER STATE
By
Ahmed Yahaya Alhassan
!" INTRO#UCTION
I start this /resentation 0ith a 0ord that intends to createa0areness of the sad sit ation in 0hich a great state is facing.
A go-ern,ent that is not serio s a o t creating an i,/ro-ed
econo,y ased on ,echanised acti-ity that can e achie-ed
thro gh the de-elo/,ent of i,/ro-ed /o0er for its citi3en.
The /resent ad,inistration has /aid ,ere li/ ser-ice to
generating , ch needed /o0er for its /eo/le4 ad-antages
0hich 0o ld ha-e ele-ated and i,/ro-ed their li-ing standards.
Po0er and energy -i35a5-i3 electricity attracts /eo/le4 ind stries
and in-estors li6e ees to honey4 0hat this ,eans is ,ore 7o s
and o//ort nities and social refor,s for ,ost if not all.
Energy is a f nda,ental in/ t in the de-elo/,ent of anysociety. The a,o nt of energy /er ca/ita is to foster
s staina le de-elo/,ent largely on the stage of in-est,ent.
There has4 ho0e-er4 een a decline in the energy s //ly fro,
the three hydro5/o0er stations and this has a8ected the energy
allocation to the state4 des/ite the increase in /o0er de,and
arising fro, the gro0th in the econo,y and /o/ lation.
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#enceforth4 the State Go-ern,ent sho ld desire to de-elo/
ade9 ate and relia le /o0er s //ly for its socio5econo,ic
acti-ities4 0ith the -ision to consolidate the /osition of NigerState a,ong its /eers.
The energy crisis 0hich hit the 0orld in the early 1:;4 scienti?c
e-idence has een ilding / concerning glo al 0ar,ing and
cli,ate change. Since the Ind strial Re-ol tion the rning of
fossil f el =coal4 /etrole , and nat ral gas> has een releasing
into the at,os/here greenho se gases =G#Gs>4 nota ly car on
dio@ide4 and these ha-e een tra//ing heat 0ar,ing / the
at,os/here. The 0orld has eco,e increasingly conscio s of
the threat 0hich this de-elo/,ent /oses to ci-ili3ation and of
the need to ,itigate glo al 0ar,ing y drastically c tting do0n
the rate of G#G e,issions. ne 0ay of doing this that has een
e, raced y ,any co ntries is to de-elo/ rene0a le energy
reso rces 0hich are ,ore en-iron,ents friendly. The res lt is
that there is no0 a oo,ing ,ar6et in rene0a le energy
technologies aro nd the 0orld.
*
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-er the /ast t0o or three decades4 the lin6ages et0een the
a-aila ility of energy and /o-erty alle-iation and the /otentials
of rene0a le energy reso rces for 012345d 464alele784597a850n ha-e een 0ell doc ,ented. It is no0 generally
agreed that energy in general and rene0a le energy in
/artic lar4 has a ,a7or role to /lay in the act ali3ation of the
M)Gs.
Niger State Energy Sector is to e seen
• !irst4 in ter,s of the socio5econo,ic /ro?le of the State4
0ith /artic lar reference to c rrent energy se and
general f t re energy needs and• Secondary4 in ter,s of the energy i,/lications of the
de-elo/,ent /lans of the State.
"ith an area of a o t B 4
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/re/aration4 /lanting and har-esting4 as 0ell as , ch for the
/rocessing of agric lt ral /rod ce. !ishing is an i,/ortant
occ /ation in the ri-erine areas.
Niger State is ho,e to a large /o/ lation of no,adic ! lani 0ho
6ee/ cattle4 shee/ and goats. In r ral areas4 -irt ally e-ery
ho sehold 6ee/s do,estic ani,als in s,all n , ers4 incl ding
shee/4 goats4 chic6ens and d c6s.
ther econo,ic acti-ities in the State incl de / lic
ad,inistration4 siness4 and arts and crafts. Man fact ring
ind stry is of li,ited i,/ortance as at /resent.
A,ongst all the ethnic gro /s the c lt ral inclination is s ch
that ,en are e@/ected to /ro-ide reso rces for the fa,ily 0hile
0o,en are e@/ected to ,anage these reso rces and fend for
the fa,ily. Men do the ,ore stren o s far, 0or6 and engagein -ario s non5far,ing acti-ities as 0ell. The 0o,an4 on the
other hand4 assist 0ith the less stren o s far,ing tas6s4 s ch
as 0eeding4 har-esting4 storing4 clearing and /rocessing of
cro/s. "o,en also engage in ,inor trading. ne of the iggest
challenges facing the state is ho0 to ,echani3e econo,ic
acti-ities in the state. )e-elo/ing rene0a le energy 0ill hel/ inno s,all ,eas re in tac6ling this challenge.
! Manda8e 0: N53e4 S8a8e Ene43y Se7804 a8 P4esen8
15 Ens re ca/acity ilding /rogra,,e for sta8ers to0ards
achie-ing the desire organisational o 7ecti-e.
+
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25 !or, late /olicies and g idelines for the generation and
distri tion of Po0er in consonance 0ith e@isting Fede4al la;s
on this iss e.*5 (iaise 0ith Po0er generating trans,ission and distri tion
agencies already on the gro nd 0ithin and o tside the
State.
5 Concei-e4 /lan /ro7ects and /rogra,,es for the
de-elo/,ent of hydroelectric Po0er /rod cing Areas of
the State.
+5 #andle all ecological /ro le,s connected 0ith Po0er and
Energy in the state.
5 S /er-ise the acti-ities of #YPER)EC.
;5 Cond ct research into other /otential so rces of Energy
and e@/lore 0ays of i,/ro-ing on e@isting so rces.
B5 Plan and de-elo/ s,all and large hydroelectric Po0er
Stations in Niger State.
:5 Cond ct st dies on o r Ri-ers to assess #ydro /otentials
of the State.
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• The yearly a//ro-ed dgetary allocation4 for so,e s 5
head in accessi le or f lly i,/le,ent y the de/art,ent•
A lac6 of a//reciation of the role of energy in general andrene0a le energy in /artic lar in socio5econo,ic
de-elo/,ent• A lac6 of a0areness of the role 0hich rene0a le energy
co ld /lay in the socio5econo,ic de-elo/,ent of the
State• (ac6 of a technological c lt re 0hich ,a6es rene0a le
energy de-elo/,ent i,/ort5de/endent and therefore
e@/ensi-e and so,eti,es incon-enient• #igh initial cost of so,e rene0a le energy technologies4
s ch as solar and hydro.• (ac6 of ,onthly f nding =i.e. i,/ress> hinders the reg lar
acti-ities of the sector
$!" ARTICULATION OF SOLUTIONS
$! CREATE NIGER STATE MINISTRY OF POWER
At /resent4 it is the Ministry of "or6s that ho ses a )irectorate
of Energy. "e read earlier the constraints ad challenges faced
y this organi3ation. "ith a -ision to ha-e a ro st and
s staina le /o0er sector that f lly s //orts the socio
econo,ic needs of Niger State and contri tes to the
e,ergence of the state as one of the to/ econo,ies of Nigeria
y the Year 2
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according to the la0s g iding this4 and facilitating the
e,ergence of a /ri-ate sector led co,/etiti-e and eFcient
electric /o0er ind stry.
$!$ MECHANI
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attracti-e /ros/ect. 'oth solar and 0ind energy ha-e eco,e a
lot chea/er o-er the /ast co /le of years and are e@/ected to
contin e to fall in /rice4 0hile energy co ld e sed far closer toho,e instead of eing trans/orted long5distance
o-er /o0er lines.
There is a gro0ing trend to0ards sinesses in-esting in solar
syste,s 0hich /ro-ide an e, edded generation en-iron,ent y
integrating solar energy 0ith electricity fro, the national grid sothat they can red ce the o-erall electricity re9 ire,ents of the
siness. "hile iogas4 io,ass and 0ind can e sed as for,s
of e, edded generation4
Mini 0ind t r ines on residential /ro/erties are also a locali3ed
sol tion4 t the /ta6e co ld e lo0er largely eca se these0ind,ills tend to e noisy.
#o0e-er4 gi-en the recent red ction in the cost of rene0a le
energy syste,s4 it has eco,e highly /ro a le
that electricity cons ,ers co,,ercial4 residential and4 to so,e
e@tent4 ind strial 0ill egin installing s,all5scale distri tedgeneration to ,eet so,e or all of their electricity re9 ire,ents
A 6ey ene?t is that rene0a le energy is cons ,ed -ery close to
0here it is generated.
It is e, edded 0here yo ha-e a generator and i,,ediately
sed4H
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There is an i,,ense /otential for -ia le e, edded generation
on oth a s,all and a large scale.
%!" ENGAGE A TEAM TO STU#Y CORPORATE A#OPTERS
OF IMBE##E# ENERGY AROUN# THE WORL#
Ina g rate a tea, to nderst dy -ia le i, edded energy
generation /ro7ects aro nd the 0orld s ch as %odaco, of So th
Africa that ha-e started to ,a6e the ,o-e to0ards e, edded
generation. It has installed 212; solar /anels on the roof of
its Cent ry City ilding 4 in Ca/e To0n 4 and ho/es to lti,ately
/ro-ide / to ;+D of all electricity re9 ired y
the ilding d ring /ea6 /rod ction. The solar array 0ill o8set
2+D of the ilding s electrical energy se thro gho t the year.
This is a /otential energy sa-ing of a o t B:+ M"h a year
e9 al to charging ,ore than ;
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The Niger State Energy S ,,it 0ill ring together the ,ost
tho ghtf l and inJ ential / lic and /ri-ate sector decision5
,a6ers incl ding !ederal Ministry of Po0er4 leading CE s4/ lic sector oFcials4 and e@/erts fro, aro nd the 0orld4 as
0ell as 6ey glo al in-estors and co,/anies in-ol-ed in the
energy sector to disc ss ho0 the state can achie-e its energy
/otential.
I /ersonally 0ill e attending a %IP conference on electricity and
/o0er that hosts
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• r !obert Stoner 4 )e/ ty )irectorL Science
Technology4 MIT Energ" Institute
• Pri"an#a $a#a"a 4 CE 4 P% &lean Energ"
• r' Matt(ew )' Scullin 4 !o nder Chief E@ec ti-e
Fcer4 Al*(abet Energ" +nited States
Yo can also e@/ect to hear fro, senior Es#om re/resentati-es
and the Sout( African Ministr" of Energ" as they tal6 a o tho0 they /lan to ,anage the energy challenge gri//ing So th
Africa.
'!" #EPLOYMENT OF LOCALISE# SOLUTIONS
A 6ey cost factor to ,ost of these ty/es of sol tions is that to
generate 1Mega"att =M"> of /o0er the e9 i-alent in-est,ent
cost is O1Million4 =incl ding e9 i/,ent>. These costs can
ho0e-er4 e sec red y readily a-aila le !oreign )irect
In-est,ents.
A/art fro, Solar4 there are other 6inds of rene0a le energy
so rces4 s ch as energy generated fro, agric lt ral ye5/rod cts 0aste4 Mini Micro #ydroelectric stations4 and "ind
,ills.
"here solar energy ,ay e an ad-antage4 s ch as aro nd
G rara4 S le7a and A 7a areas4 /laces s ch as ain7i ,ay
e@/erience lo0 s nlight d ring rainy season. "ith the
ad-antages of the state ha-ing "ind4 s n4 agric lt ral 0aste
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and 0ater in a ndance4 /o0er generated thro gh these
so rces is highly ad-isa le.
The o//ort nities /resented y Niger State energy reso rces
are tre,endo s. Ma@i,i3ing energy eFciency and integration
has the /otential to s //ort 7o gro0th in 6ey sectors4 incl ding
trans/ortation4 /o0er generation4 ,an fact ring4 and
/etroche,icals. I,/ortantly4 gro0th4 sec rity4 and
s staina ility across the state need not re9 ire ins r,o nta le
trade5o8s.
"hiche-er sol tion that the state re9 ires4 it sho ld ha-e the
follo0ing ene?ts in ,ind4 Energy s //ly sec rity4 Cost5
co,/etiti-e4 en-iron,entally friendly rene0a le energy and
Co,/rehensi-e electro5technical sol tion.
'! Es85ma8ed Gene4a850n :04 $' L07al G0>e4nmen8
Note that 2+M" can /ro-ide electricity energy for
a//ro@i,ately *
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= ne 'illion4 Nine # ndred and Se-enty !i-e Million &S) of
!)I PPP re9 ired>
'!$ #EPLOY MINI HY#RO
In ri-erine areas of the state4 each nit can generate M" and
a o-e. In the case of high Jo0 of 0ater4 f rther in-est,ent can
e ,ade for ocean ri-er /o0er syste,s. (et s note the si3es4
Medi ,5hydro 1+ 5 1
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s nlight le-els d ring rainy season and ,ay not /rod ce
electricity as e@/ected4 areas s ch as Minna do0n to S le7a are
,ore reco,,ended. Solar /lants are the ,ost readily a-aila lesyste,s4 and their costs are red cing o-er ti,e. Potentials for
generation are fro, 1+
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generation Jeet e@/ansion. "hiche-er f el ty/e or co, stion
technology is sed in the io,ass /lant4 it 0ill dri-e a stea,
t r ine and generate electricity energy 0hile it 0ill ens re high/lant /erfor,ance.
(!" PROVISION OF ELECTRICITY NETWOR)S
The 9 estion is 0hat ha//ens after electricity is generated the
ans0er is that it is trans,itted to residences4 ind stries and
sinesses for se. The need for transfor,ers4 trans,ission
lines and s stations as 0ell as all necessary e9 i/,ent to
ena le the se of the electricity generated 0ill e /ro-ided y
the state4 co,, nities or / lic and /ri-ate organisations or
indi-id als.
*!" CONSERVATION OF POWER
The /ro le, is not in /rod cing eno gh electricity4 t
conser-ing the little that is /rod ced. A ca,/aign on electricity
conser-ation 0ill e organised state 0ide to etter infor,
/eo/le oth in the r an and r ral d0ellings on the i,/ortance
of conser-ation of electricity.
S0itch o8 of n sed a//liances4 lights4 etc. ' y energy5
eFcient co,/act J orescent l s for ,ost5 sed lights. They
/ro-ide an e9 i-alent a,o nt of right4 attracti-e light. nly
1
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re/laced one of its standard light l s 0ith an energy eFcient
co,/act J orescent l 4 0e 0o ld sa-e the sa,e a,o nt of
energy as a large n clear /o0er /lant /rod ces in one year. Ina ty/ical ho,e4 one co,/act J orescent l can sa-e 2 <
/o nds of C 2 /er year.
Teach /eo/le of Niger state to conser-e electricity and 7oin in
the cr sade to ,anage energy etter.
+!" PHASE# #EVELOPMENT
F54s8 "" days :40m May $- – ?6ly % . $" '
1. Create Niger State Ministry of Po0er2. Consolidate other /o0er sector actors s ch as the R ral
Electri?cation 'oard4 etc.*. Positi-e hand sha6e 0ith !ederal Go-ern,ent /o0er
sector -al e chain actors to ascertain colla orations.
)eter,ine 0hich !G /ro7ects ha-e een or are eing done
in Niger State4 es/ecially fro, the R ral Electri?cation
Agency REA. Sa,e goes for the GENC S4 )ISC S and all
,ar6et o/erators.
. Send tea, to attend conferences and nderst dyi, edded /o0er generation /ro7ects aro nd the 0orld.
+. rganise the 1 st Niger State Po0er S ,,it.. Selection /rocess for /artners !easi ility St dies PPP
Sched les /roc re,ent /rocesses.;. )e/loy ?rst i, edded rene0a le energy /lant Solar ,ay
e a ?rst as this ta6es a shorter ti,e to de/loy4 ro ghly <
to :
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A636s8 – #e7 $" '
1. &/date data ase of r ral electri?cation /ro7ects and their
-ario s stat s in colla oration 0ith RE' and !ed REA.2. )e/loy and e@tend s stations4 transfor,ers4 #T lines4 (t
(ines4 #T (T lines to localities.*. Engage PPP for other rene0a le energy ty/es.
. Sensiti3ation e@ercises4 for,ation and registration of Niger
State Electricity &sers Coo/erati-e Societies 5 NSE&CS in
all r ral co,, nities.
+. Ens re at least 2 to train Artisans and
Electric Engineers.;. !eed ac6 assess,ents
?an – #e7 $" (
1. Esta lish a Solar electricity ind stry in Niger State to
de-elo/ P% /anels and accessories2. Ens re at least +
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1
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/eration Po0er &/ Niger State is a , st for the ad,inistration
of #is E@cellency4 Alha7i A a6ar Sani 'ello.
The re/ort is a s6eleton that can e i,/ro-ed /on y a ,ore
intrinsic st dy ased on s ggestions that I ha-e ,ade. It is not
n clear science t highly achie-a le 0ith the right
ad,inistration and allocation of reso rces4 as 0ell as 6een
,anage,ent and /roacti-e dedication.
The 6ey is !oreign )irect In-est,ent4 0hich is readily a-aila le
thro gh /roacti-e Pri-ate Partnershi/ or f ll Pri-ate In-est,ent
/ta6es.
Co,, nities4 sinesses and sectors are 6no0n to co,e
together to f nd /ro7ects that ha-e direct earing on their
econo,y s ch 0ill e enco raged to for, electricity sers
coo/erati-e societies to o0n4 o/erate and ,aintain electricitynet0or6s. To this e8ect4 a Niger State Electricity &sers
Coo/erati-e Society =NSE&CS> 0ill e for,ed in each
co,, nity that ha-e ene?tted fro, the net0or6s to e
esta lished. NSE&CS4 as ,entioned earlier4 0ill enhance
co,, nity /artici/ation in s staina le r ral electricity s //ly4
thro gh 0nershi/4 /eration and Maintenance = M> of electricity net0or6s4 in colla oration 0ith )istri tion
Co,/anies enco rage ,e, ers to o8er ser-ices 0illingly for
the collecti-e ene?t of their co,, nities and ens re
co,, nity s co,,it,ent on the /rotection of their net0or6s
to c r fre9 ent -andalis, and theft of electrical
e9 i/,ent installations.
2
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At /resent the state is gi-en ho rs of electricity
inter,ittently4 #E A a6ar Sani 'ello s ad,inistration 0ill 0ish
to see this as a thing of the /ast 0ith residents en7oying ,any,ore ho rs of electricity s //ly only interr /ted d e to
,aintenance or e@/ansion of the net0or6s. )ISC S 0ill e
strictly ,onitored for co,/liance 0here the /o0er generated is
trans,itted y the, else the State Ministry 0ill ,onitor direct
generation y the di8erent i, edded generators of /o0er.
As stated earlier4 an a//ro@i,ate of O14:;+4
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=A !ederal Ministry of Po0er Agency>
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
• P% 5 Photo-oltaic /anel• " 5 ilo0att =1