nhung dieu can biet de cay lan khong chet va gia the trong lan 4924
DESCRIPTION
Nhung Dieu Can Biet de Cay Lan Khong Chet Va Gia the Trong Lan 4924TRANSCRIPT
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Nhng iu cn bit
cy lan khng cht v
Gi th trng lan
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Cy lan l cy hoa cnh c nhiu ngi a chung bi v p mun mu,
mun v ca n.Tuy nhin lan l mt loi hoa cn c chm sc thng
xuyn v ng cch, nu khng cy sng nhng ci cc, khng ra hoa hoc s
cht i.
Cy lan b cht c nhiu nguyn nhn, mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh l ch
nhn ca cy lan khng thng n, v khng thng nn khng tm hiu cch
nui dng n, khng cho n mt t thi gian ti tm, phng su bnh.
1.Ti sao cy lan cht
Trc tin cy lan cht v con ngi khng ch n mi trng sng ca n. Cy
lan s khng tng trng nu t ngt thay i mi trng sinh sng thin nhin
c hu. Phi mt thi gian lu cy lan thch hp vi mi trng mi. y l
im ngi mua lan v nui trng cn lu . Mt cy lan vng nhit i, kh hu
m t em v vng kh hu kh ro, t m , cy kh sng nu khng c
phng tin cung ng iu kin thch hp. C nhng hoa lan ch th phn c
nh mt loi ong, bm ch c ni mi trng m thi. Do vy, ngi mi
chi lan nn mua nhng cy c ph thng, thch hp vi mi trng mnh
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ang sinh sng. Khng nn v mu sc, hnh dng bt mt m mua khng n o.
Vi nhng cy lan thuc loi Cymbidium sng ph hp nhng ni c nhit
thay i trong ngy t 21oC - 38oC v ban m phi lnh
Vi nhng cy lan thuc loi Cymbidium sng ph hp nhng ni c nhit
thay i trong ngy t 21oC 38oC v ban m phi lnh
Khi mua mt ging lan l ta cn bit tn (tn khoa hc) hay t nht tn bnh dn
nhng ph thng. Tn c nh cung cp ghi r vo tm th km theo cy .Chng
ta nn cn thn ghi chp y tn khoa hc v mt vi tn ph thng cho d tra
cu. Nu c nn xin nh vn cung cp cho mt ti liu v cch nui trng hoc
trao i vi h bit thm v cy lan mnh mun mua. V d c nhng cy lan
cn ng v ma ng, nn khng cn ti nc, bn phn trong thi gian ny.
Lm ngc li cy lan s cht.
Ni nm na, cy ci cng nh con ngi cn mt s yu t sng nh nc, nh
sng, nhit , khng kh v mt s iu kin tng trng nh phn bn, s
chm sc ca con ngi. Ty tng loi lan, ty cch trng m cung ng nhng yu
t trn cho thch hp. Cy cn m, cn nc nhng ti nhiu qu cy b ng
nc, thi r v cht. Cy lan x nng, em v x lnh trng, nu khng tng nhit
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thch hp, cy lan s cht. Cy lan cn nh sng, cn nng tng trng, ra
hoa. Nu lu trong ch rp, trong nh, cy lan s yu, d b bnh v khng ra
hoa.
2. cy lan khng cht
Ngi trng lan d kinh doanh hay trng nh mt th tiu khin u phi tm
hiu v k thut, phng php c th thnh cng,cn hc hi, tm hiu, trao i
thu thp kinh nghim cho mnh. Ti nc cho lan, mi nghe tng d, nhng
90% cy lan cht v ti qu nhiu nc. Khng bn phn cy lan ch chm ln,
bn phn khng ng cch, cy lan cht. cy lan khi cht, ngi chi phi c
gng nht l trong thi gian u hc hi, tm hiu. Sau vi kinh nghim, mi
vic s d dng hn.
Cy lan thuc loi Phalaenopsis l cy a bng mt, l rng d mt nc nn cn
ti nhiu nc , nhng trnh ng nc li trn l
Cy lan thuc loi Phalaenopsis l cy a bng mt, l rng d mt nc nn cn
ti nhiu nc , nhng trnh ng nc li trn l
Tm hiu nhng c tnh ca cy lan trc khi mua. i vi ngi mi trng lan
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nn mua nhng cy d trng. i vi nhng cy lan l nn tm hiu thm nhng
c tnh ring bit ca mi loi cung ng nhng i hi thch hp. Tm hiu kh
nng ca mnh c phng tin hay khng, V d xy nh knh cho cc cy khc
vng kh hu.
Ngi nui trng cn tm hiu s qua cch ti nc, bn phn, tr bnh tt, su
ry cho ng phng php. T khi c triu chng cho n khi cht, cy lan c mt
thi gian kh lu cho ta cu cha kp thi. Nu cy khng tng trng ta nn
n mi trng, v tr t cy lan, nng, thiu nng, tha nng. S gi nng
chiu trong ngy hay s chnh lch nhit cao-thp cng nh hng n cy lan
c ra hoa hay khng. Nu lu mt v tr m cy khng pht trin ta nn thay i
ra ch khc. Mm non v r mi xut hin cho ta bit cy c th chp nhn
ch mi. L t nhin i mu vng, r xung, r thm en ch cn gn gia, bo
hiu cy lan d nc v ti qu nhiu hay nc khng thot c hoc t trng
cn phi thay v mn thnh bn. Cc u l, sau mt thi gian bn phn b kh
chy tc l ta bn qu nhiu phn. Cn kim sot li nng ca phn hoc
khong cch mi ln ti. Ta cng lu nhng du hiu trn l, trn r chn
on bnh v cu cha kp thi.
Ni chung, trnh cho cy lan khng cht chng ta cn:
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- Tm hiu c tnh ca cy lan mnh mun mua trng, khng mua ty hng.
- Nn trng nhng cy d trc c kinh nghim.
- T xt kh nng ca mnh v s chm sc, trang tri, v k thut.
- p dng ng nhng iu hc hi, kinh nghim v hng dn chuyn bit.
- Khng t i khi tm hiu, hc hi, trao i vi nhng ngi c kinh nghim.
- Gi v sinh trang tri, dng c trnh ly bnh, vi trng, virus.
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Gi th trng lan
Mi loi lan cn mt cht liu trng khc nhau v mi cht liu li cn mt
cch ti bn thch hp. Th d loi phong lan khng th dng nhng cht
liu trng cho a lan hay ngc li. Loi lan cn nhiu nc khng th dng
cht liu mau kh c.
Nhiu ngi thc mc khng bit nn trng lan bng cht liu g cho ng cch v
trn th trng c qu nhiu cht liu v mi ngi trng mt khc. Chng ta
nhng ngi chi lan ti t thng mc chung mt chng bnh: Mun trng
loi, nhng li cng mt ch, trng vi nhiu cht liu khc nhau m li ti
bn nh nhau. Xin phn tch tng th mt chng ta chn la, bi v chng c
mt th no l tng 100% c th dng cho tt c cc loi lan.
Ngi ta c th trng lan bng nhiu th nh v cy, , s da, ru v.v...
Nhng mi cht liu c nhng c tnh khc nhau cho nn c nhng li im v
khuyt im. Chng ta nn nh rng mi loi lan cn mt cht liu trng khc
nhau v mi cht liu li cn mt cch ti bn thch hp. Th d loi phong lan
khng th dng nhng cht liu trng cho a lan hay ngc li. Loi lan cn nhiu
nc khng th dng cht liu mau kh c. Ngoi ra cn c nhng vn ph
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thuc lin quan n nh: Ti nc, sn c trn th trng, gi c, tin dng hay
khng?
1) V thng (Fir Bark)
Th ny thng dng hn c, r tin, d mua, gi nc v m, kh thch hp cho
nhiu th lan cho nn nhiu ngi dng. iu bt tin l th ny gi cht mui c
sn trong nc v trong phn bn, ch gi c chng 2/3 s Nitrogene trong phn
bn v thng thng s b mc nt trong khong 2-3 nm.
Fir Bark c 3 hng:
Ln (coarse) to khong 3/4 tr ln dng cho cc cy ln, cn ti nhiu v thot
nc.
Va (medium) t 1/4 n 1/2 dng cho nhng cy trung bnh v r nh.
Nh (fine) t 1/8 n 1/4 dng cho cc cy cn nh hoc nhng loi cn gi nuc
lu hn.
Xin ng nhm ln vi loi Pine bark, cng l v thng nhng c ln g trong ,
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th ny mau mc, ng nc, ln men mc trng, du thng trong g s lm hi r.
Lan khng a th Pine Bark ny.
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V thng nh (Fir bark small)
V thng trung bnh (Fir bark medium)
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V thng ln (Fir bark large)
2) G thng (Red wood shaving)
Th ny cng khng qu t, gi nc nhiu nc v m, li nhiu acide cho
nn ch dng di 50%, tr c nm men trng. Sn khng v (slug) khng a
th ny. iu bt tin l th ny trng khng cht cho nn phi ct cy vo chu
v kh tm loi g tt.
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G thng (Red wood shaving)
3) R cy dng s (Tree fern)
Th ny mau kh, lu bn dc trn 3 nm mi mc, nh thch hp vi nhng r
treo (hanging basket)
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R cy dng s (Tree fern)
4) S da, v da (Coconut fiber, chip)
S da dng lt y chu hay r treo hoc trng nhng loi lan cn ro nc.
Khuyt im mau kh v nh cho nn chu hay b .
V da ct nh c hai loi va (Medium) v nh (fine). u dim l ngm nc
mau hn v gi m lu hn, Nhng phn ng cc loi s da u c nhiu
mui trong, nn cn phi ngm nc vi ngy, x cho sch ri mi trng c.
Theo kinh nghim cc ging lan Laelia khng a trng bng s da.
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S da, v da (Coconut fiber, chip)
5) Ru (Sphagnum moss)
Loi ru bn x hoc Canada mu nu en hoc nu xanh khng nn dng v phm
cht xu v trong ru c nhiu cht lm cho cy lan yu i. Ch nn dng loi ru
nhp cng t New Zealand hoc Brasil mu vng rm trng lan v trong ru c
tc dng tr nm mc. Khi trng, khng nn nn qu cht mi ch c nhiu
nc. Rt tt trng lan trn cnh cy v chu g nhng qu t tin, chng h
mc v gi mui cho nn c vi thng phi x nc cho nhiu hay ngm trong
nc.
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Ru (Sphagnum moss)
6) Than (Charcoal)
Than trng lan khng phi l th lan t l lm sn tng vin. Than phi t t
ci dng cho vic trng trt (Agriculture charcoal). Than c u im lu bn t 5-6
nm mi phi thay chu v ch dng mt c cho th cy ln nh. Sn khng v
(Slug) khng a sng trong than. Nhc im qu t v gi cht mui v phn
bn cho nn c hai thng phi x tht nhiu nc cho sch.
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Than (Charcoal)
7) ni la (Lava rock)
ni la c u im d ngm nc, khng b mc, thong hi v khng qu
nng. Rt tt lt y chu thay cho cht xp u phng (Peanut foam) Nhc
im l gi cht mui cho nn c 2 thng phi x nc cho sch. Sn khng v a
tr ng trong k .
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ni la (Lava rock)
8) xp (Pumice rock)
Pumice l mt loi lava rock nhng nh hn v thm nc, lu bn khng b
mc nhng cng c nhc im l gi mui v th c nhiu loi lan khng a loi
ny.
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xp (Pumice rock)
9) bt (Perlite or sponge rock)
bt hau trn chu rt nh v thm nc, dng trn vi v thng hoc r
cy cho thong kh rt thch hp cho cc loi lan c r nh.
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bt (Perlite or sponge rock)
Mt vi cng thc trng lan
LAN T CYMBIDIUM
V thng nh 1/8 - 1/4; (Fine grade) 5 phn
V thng va 1/2; (Medium grade) 2 phn
V da nh hoc ln (Coconut chip) 2 phn
Ct s 12 1 phn
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G thng (red wood shaving) 1/2 phn
CATTLEYA, LAELIA, SCHOMGBURKIA, PHALAENOPSIS v.v...
V thng va 1/2 (Medium grade) 6 phn
V da ln 1/2" (Coconut chip) 2 phn
xanh hay xp (Pumice rock) 2 phn
trn chu bt (Perlite) 1 phn
G thng (red wood shaving) 1/2 phn
DENDROBIUM
V thng va 1/2; (Medium grade) 4 phn
V da 1/2 (Coconut chip) 2 phn
xanh hay xp (Pumice rock) 4 phn
G thng 1/2 phn
N HI V CC CY C R NH NH MILTONIA, ONCIDIUM
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V thng nh 1/8 - 1/4; (Fine grade) 6 phn
V da nh 1/4 (Coconut chip) 2 phn
Than nh 1/8-1/4 (Charcoal) 1 phn
bt (Perlite) 1 phn
Ngi ta trng lan vi kh nhiu cng thc khc nhau, sau y l mt vi cng
thc kh thng dng v kt qu m mn.