nhiỄm trÙng tiỂu

Download NHIỄM TRÙNG TIỂU

If you can't read please download the document

Upload: walter

Post on 10-Jan-2016

96 views

Category:

Documents


21 download

DESCRIPTION

NHIỄM TRÙNG TIỂU. BS VÕ HOÀNG NGHĨA. Đối tượng: Y đa khoa hệ 4 năm. MỤC TIÊU. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

  • NHIM TRNG TIU BS V HONG NGHAi tng: Y a khoa h 4 nm

  • 1.Nu c cc nh ngha NTT.

    2. Nu cc tc nhn gy bnh thng gp

    3. Nu c c ch bo v ng tiu, yu t nguy c NTT

    4. Trnh by cc bnh cnh lm sng ca NTT.

    5. Nu c XN CLS chn an NTT

    6. Bin lun c chn on nhim trng tiu

    7. Trnh by cc bin chng ca NTT.

    8. Trnh by nguyn tc iu tr ca NTT.

    MC TIU

  • NH NGHANhim trng tiu l hu qu gy ra bi s xm nhp ca cc VSV vo ng tiu. VSV gy nn NTT c th l vi khun, virus, vi nm, KST.NTT khng triu chng l c s hin din ca VK m khng c cc triu chng nh tiu gt, tiu lt nht, au hng lng.NTT khng c triu chng thng khng cn iu tr ngai tr trng hp xy ra trn i tng c yu t nguy c: thai k, gim BC, suy gim min dch, cn lm th thut trn ng niu.

  • NH NGHANTT n gin: xy ra ph n, khng c c a c bit, khng c bnh l ni khoa i km v khng c bt thng v gii phu hoc chc nng ca ng niu.NTT phc tp: NTT xy ra nhng BN c t nht mt YTNC lm cho d b bin chng nng hoc lm cho vic iu tr kh khn.

  • NH NGHANTT ti nhim l NTT tr li do mt lai VK khc vi VK ca ln NTT trc.NTT ti pht l NTT tr li do cng mt lai VK ca ln NTT trc.

  • TC NHN GY BNHE. Coli:KN v K: c ch kh nng thc boKN O: Phn ng vim, t ln c trn NQCc cu trc ngai tb nh pili hay fimbriae.Hemolysin: polypeptide c tb

  • TC NHN GY BNHVIM NIU O LY QUA QUAN H TNH DC:Do Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrheaCC KST V SIU VIAdenovirus gy vim BQ xut huytHerpes gy vim niu o cpMt vi lai KST

  • TC NHN GY BNH

  • C CH BO V NG TiUNc tiuMi trng m oNiu qunBng quangThn

  • CC YU T NGUY C NHIM TRNG TiUTuiGiiTc nghn h niuC aTh thutBng quang thn kinh

  • LM SNGVIM BQ CP:Hi chng niu o cp: tiu but gt, tiu lt nht v tiu gp.au h v trn xng muTiu nhiu BC, tb mTiu mu i th (Vim BQ xut huyt)

  • LM SNGVIM NIU O CP:Hi chng niu o cp: tiu but gt, tiu lt nht v tiu gp.Tiu c u dngVK thng gp ly qua quan h tnh dc nh: Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhea, Herpes simplex

  • LM SNGVIM TIN LIT TUYN CP:Triu chng ca vim BQ cpSt, lnh run, HC nhim trngTLT au khi thm khm trc trng.Bin chng: Abces TLT, b tiu cp, NT huyt.

  • LM SNGVIM TIN LIT TUYN MN:NTT ti pht thng xuynTiu m, au vng gn hu mnKhng st, lnh run, khng HC nhim trng r rtThm khm TT: khng c hiu.Chn an: NP xoa bp TLT

  • LM SNGVIM I B THN CPSt cao, lnh runau gc sn lng hoc vng hng lng cng bnHi chng niu o cp c th xy ra trc vi ngy hoc i km cc triu chng trn.TPTNT: tr BCHC vim: BC tng ch yu N, CRP tng

  • LM SNGVIM I B THN CPBnh cnh khng in hnh v nng: ngi ln tui, T, nghin ru, SDD, Ghp thn. Nng: chang NT, tc nghn, Abces thn, T, suy gim min dch, thn c nht.

  • LM SNGVIM I B THN MNNTT ti pht nhiu lnTriu chng ca suy thn mn

  • XT NGHIM NC TIU- TPTNT QUE NHNG (DIPSTICK)Leucocyte esterase: Esterase c gii phng t nhng t bo BC c ly gii trong nc tiu. Bnh thng: m tnh Bt thng: 25 500/L gp trong nhim trng tiu, cc trng hp vim khng nhim (vim cu thn cp, vim ng thn m k, si niu) Dng tnh gi: dch m o m tnh gi: Nng cao Albumin, Ascorbic acid, glucose, tetracycline, cephalexin, cephalothin, hoc lng ln oxalic acid c th c ch phn ng ny.

  • XT NGHIM NC TIU- TPTNT Nitrite C ch: vi trng Gr ng rut bin nitrate thnh nitrite Dng tnh: kh nng nhim trng tiu Dng tnh gi: m tnh gi: ch n t nitrate, dng thuc li tiu, pH NT acide, nc tiu trong BQ di 4h, VK khng c men nitrate reductaseLU Nu c leucocyte esterase v nitrite dng tnh th kh nng nhim trng tiu cng cao Tuy nhin nu c hai m tnh khng c ngha lai tr

  • XT NGHIM NC TIU- TPTNT SOI TI NTBC, Tb mNhum Gram

    CY NT v lm KS- L XN quuyt nh chn an v c tnh hng dn T.

  • CH NH CY NTC triu chng c nng v thc th ca nhim trng tiu.Theo di kt qu iu tr ca nhim trng tiu.Khi rt thng tiu lu.Tm sat nhim trng tiu khng triu chng ph n c thai.Trc khi tin hnh cc th thut trn bnh nhn c bnh thn tc nghn

  • CC BIN PHP LY NT gim kh nng dy nhim VT t ngai vo, phi XN nc tiu trong vng 1 gi sau khi ly mu:Ly nc tiu gia dngThng tiuChc ht bng kim v trng qua BQ trn xng muChc ht kim v trng qua h thng ng thng tiu kn.Trc v sau khi xoa nn TLT chn an tiu VK t TLT

  • CHN AN NTT THEO PHNG PHP LY NT

    Phng php ly NTTiu chun xc nh tiu VK c nghaGia dng N c TCLS 103 khm coliform/mL hoc 105 khm khng phi coliform/mL Nam c TCLS 103 khm VK/mL Khng c TCLS 105 khm VK/mL cng mt lai VK qua hai ln cy lin tip.Chc ht BQ> 102 khm VK/mLThng tiu103 khm VK /mL

  • CY NTm tnh gi: NT lang qu, acide qu, TT hoc nng ur qu cao, c s dng KS trc, dy thuc st khun, NTT do cc VK khng pht trin trn mi trng cy thng thng.Dng tnh gi: diphtheroids, lactobacillus, streptococci tiu huyt .

  • CC XN KHCCy mu.Chc nng thnCng thc mu, CRP

  • HNH NH HC MC CH Pht hin yu t nguy c gy nhim trng tiu. Pht hin bin chng ca nhim trng tiu.

    CH NH Nam NTT ln u. NTT phc tp hoc c NT huyt i km. Nghi ng c tc nghn hoc si ng niu. Tiu mu sau nhim trng tiu.. Khng p ng vi iu tr KS thch hp. NTT ti pht.

  • HNH NH HC CC XN HNH NH Siu m bng. XQ b niu khng sa san XQ b niu c chch cn quang qua ng tnh mch. CT- Scan b niu. Scanner b niu c cn quang (UROSCAN). XQ bng quang niu qun ngc dng. Soi bng quang..

  • Hnh nh siu m Vim i b thn cp: Thn tng kch thc, c nhng vng gim m, phn bit v ty khng r, dn nh i b thn hoc NQ, nc thn chc nng, v bnh thng sau 3-6 tun.

  • Hnh nh CT Scanner c cn quang Vim i b thn cp: vng gim m gi u thn T (hnh A), v hnh tia cc trn thn T (hnh B)

  • CT Scanner c cn quang vim i b thn cp: bt quang khng u, t dch khoang quanh thn, dy mc ni Gerota.

  • HNH NH HC Hnh nh tro ngc mc nng (Grade 4)

  • HNH NH HC XQ b niu c cn quang, hnh nh tc ngh niu qun.

  • HNH NH HC Hnh nh siu m. Hnh A: Nc tiu tn lu trong BQ sau khi tiu xong. Hnh B: TLT to, ng nht.

  • HNH NH HC Hnh nh CT Scanner vng chu. Hnh A: Nc tiu tn lu trong BQ sau khi tiu xong. Hnh B: TLT to, ng nht.

  • CHN ANDa vo triu chng lm sngTiu Bch cu, tiu mTiu vi khun

  • CHN ANNhim trng tiu c triu chng hay khng triu chng?V tr ca nhim trng tiu: i b thn, bng quang, niu o, tin lit tuyn?Nhim trng tiu cp hay mn, ti pht hay ti nhim?Cc yu t phc tp, c a c bit?Bin chng?

  • CHN AN PHN BITPhn bit cc nguyn nhn gy tiu but gt khng do nhim trng tiu Phn bit cc nguyn nhn gy au lng Phn bit cc nguyn nhn gy tiu bch cu, tr bch cu

  • BIN CHNGNhim trng huytAbces thn hoc Abces quanh thnHai t gai thnVim BQ sinh hi v vim i b thn sinh hi.

  • BIN CHNG NHIM TRNG HUYTThng gp VK Gr (-), cc c a:c thc hin cc th thut trn ng tiu.Abcs thnC bnh thn tc nghn hoc suy gim min dch.- Cc t/c NTH c th che lp t/c ng niu.

  • BIN CHNG ABCES THN V QUANH THNSt, n lnh, ri lan tiu ha, au lng.Rung thn +HC niu o cp.VBTC khng p ng T sau 72 gi.Chn an bng Siu m hoc CT Scanner

  • A: Abcs thn P, hnh nh gim m thn P lan ra khoang quanh thn. B: nm nghing dn lu m.

  • Vim i b thn sinh hi. A. CT Scan khng cn quang, B c cn quang cho thy hi trong nhu m thn v lan ra khang quanh thn.

  • BIN CHNG HAI T GAI THNtrn c a i tho ng, vim thn k mn, bnh hng cu hnh lim, sau ghp thn. Ging vim BT cp, nhng khng p ng T, dn n suy thn cp.Chn an: SA, Chp CQ b thn ngc dng.

  • BIN CHNG VIM BQ SINH HI V VIM I B THN SINH HIThng gp trn c a i tho ng. hai t ch m v sinh hi tch t trong thn hoc quanh thn .thng gp nh E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, 20% c nhim trng a khun . BQ, thng gp E. Coli, Clostridium Perfringens.Chn an bng siu m hoc CT Scanner.

  • NGUYN TC IU TRChn la KS da trn:- Tnh nhy cm ca VK- Sc khng ca BN- Khng sinh thi c qua thn, tp trung tin lit tuyn- t c, r tin - iu tr cho bn tnh

  • NGUYN TC IU TRThi gian iu tr:- Bnh cnh lm sng- c a bnh nhn- Ti pht hay ti nhim

  • ***********************************************