ngu phap toeic.pdf

8/10/2019 ngu phap toeic.pdf

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CU BNG

I. CU TRC BNG

hin ti n is/am/are + V3/ED

qu kh n was/were + V3/EDhin ti tip din is/am/are + being + V3/edqu kh tip din was/were + being + V3/ed

hin ti hon thnh have/has + been + V3/edqu kh hon thnh had + been + V3/ed

can/could/will/would/must can/could/will/would/must + be + V3/edhave to/used to/be going to have to/used to/be going to + be + V3/ed

EX: Tim buy the book.The book is bought by Tim.

II. Mt s dng cu b ng c bit

1. Nhng cu trc b ng khng c s dng vi gii t by

Be disappointedBe frightened + atBe surprised

Ex: He was disappointed at breach of contract.

Be engagedBe interested + inBe involved

Ex:

Be composed

Be tired + of

Ex: Our team is composed of the best employees in our company

Be committedBe married
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Be dedicated + toBe made

Be expected

Ex: Weve are supposed to hold one 45 minutes meeting once a month.

Be boredBe coveredBe confused

Be facedBe filledBe satisfied +withBe (pre)occupied

Be pleased Ex: They were preoccupied with the provisions in contract. Her eyes is suddenly filled with tears.

The sails were filled with the wind.

2. ng t have

S + have + O ( ngi) + V1 + O (vt)S + have + O (vt) + V3 + BY O (ngi)

She has Tom (wash) her car.

She has her car (wash) by Tom.

3. ng t cm gic (perceptual verbs): see, watch, hear, observe,..

S + V + O + V1/Ving S + be + p.p + to V1 + by O Ving


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My mother saw the children swimming on the water.

The children were seen swimming in the lake.

They saw the thief steal my purse.

The thief was seen to steal my purse.

PHN BIT CHNG V B NG

1. The children from High School will be..candy for their annual trip toParis.

a. sell

b. sold

c. sel ling

d. have sold

2. His mother was.him to bring a present.

a. allowing

b. allowed

c. to allow

d. being allow

3. Because this is a sold-out performance, all attendees are.. to arriveone hour.

a. requested

b. requesting

c. be requested

d. being requested

4. She .by him because she didnt work effectively.

a. would not be asked


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b. would be not asked

c. would ask

5. Tom has she .. the brochure.

a. revised

b. revise

c. revising

d. to revise

6. They the specialist look after their health, today.

a. had

b. have

c. stay

d. remain

7. The customers had the company . money when their products defecte

a. predicting

b. remindingc. refunded

d. refund

8. She . cook in the kitchen.a. was made to b. was made byc. maded. make

9. She ...sing this song.a. is expected to b. expectedc. expectd. expects

10. The executives.....with the presentation.a. was satisfied


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b. were satisfiedc. satisfiedd. satisfing

11. flowers, the room seems more beautifully.a. covered with b. coveringc. to cover d. to have covered

12. They..a new-member discount.

a. can be received

b. can received

c. can receive

d. can be not received13.He .for a promotion.

a. considers b. has been consideringc. has consideredd. is being considered

14. Peter Kerenskyfrom sale staff to assistant.

a. was promoted

b. was promotingc. promoted

d. has promoted

15.So far, that terms ..by committee, so he can not reach his purpose.

a. accepted

b. accepting

c. have not been accepted

d. have not accepted

16.Attendance records must.. to the director by next Thursday.a. be submit b. submitted


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d. holding23.Please..the windows closed.

a. remain b. becamec. letd. keep

24. Interested applicants shoulda impressing resum and cover letteto Mr. Pike by next Monday.

a. submit

b. be submitted

c. submitted

d. be submitting25.They are application within 7 days.

a. accepted

b. accepting

c. being accepted

d. to accept

e.

26. They will not be. Financial statements.

a. issued

b. issuing

c. having issued

d. to issue

27.To apply for the position, all the requested information should be tothe address below.

a. sending

b. send


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c. sent

d. sender

28. All customers who apply and .for a Baltigone Furniture Card will

receive free home delivery for all their purchases.a. are approved b. is approvingc. approvedd. approving

29.Due to the rivising cost of materials, Hirosue Manufacturing will be.on ak of its products.a. increasedb. increasingc. increased. increasive

30.All visitors to Croke County Hospital are..to register at thereception if they wish too see patients.a. require b. requiringc. requiredd. been required

31.This marketing position at least two years of experience in arelated field.a. required b. requiringc. requiresd. requiriment

32. Trans Allantitc Inc. tour guides are.to be the most knowledgeabland friendly in the tourist industry.a. considered b. consideringc. considerationd. consider

33. The Palmdale Resort iscomplimentary massage to guests whostay for more than two rights.

a. offeredb. offeringc. offer d. be offer


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I T

I T NHN XNG

TNH T S HU

I T S HU TCT

I T PHN THN

IWeTheyYouHeSheIt

myour their your hisher its

mineourstheirsyourshishersits

meusthemyouhimher it

myself ourselvesthemselvesyourself/yourselvehimself herself itself

Lm ch ng.

S+V+O, S + V

That is Mr. Jack , heis a effective manager.

TTSH + N

My hair is long.

TSH = TTSH + N

Ex: My hair is longer thanhers (=her hair)

Tc t: Lm tn ng

Ex: Do you often contact him

i t phn thn:

1. S + V + oneself

Ex: She carries out herself this job.

2. S + oneself + V : dng nhn mnh

Ex: She herself carries out this job.

3. By oneself = alone = on ones own : mt mnh

She carries out this job by herself.


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1. I go for a walk by.

a. myself

b. himself

c. me

d. him

2. He requests the secretary made a appointment for.... on Monday morning.

a. him

b. himself

c. her

d. me

3. To make the staff questionnaire more effective, all company employees shoufill in the answers by.

a. himself

b. theirself

c. themselves

d. theirselves


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4. Joe Jefferson, the purchasing manager, will contact each suppliertonegotiate shipping prices.

a. himself

b. itself

c. themselves

d. him

5. This publication is mainly recommended to.considering a move to independent consulting career.

a. their

b. yourself

c. anyone

d. it

6. Withnew line of cars and reduced prices, GQ Motors is now once agathe nations number one automotive company.

a. its

b. itself

c. them

d. they

7. The employees waited patiently during the momentary suspensioof..computer accounts and security passwwords.

a. them


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b. their

c. theirs

d. themselve

8. Since Satuns employees frequently travel, the president wants a system thforwards calls to them astravel to any of the offices in Europe.

a. they

b. them

c. he

d. him

9. Because many of the warehouse workers were out sick today, Mr.Miller had stock the goods on the shelves..

a. itself

b. himself

c. herself

d. him

10. If the task is too complicated to figure out on..own, please dont hesitato ask one of our representatives, who are here to help.

a. you

b. your

c. yours

d. yourself


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11. After Ms.Johnes receives all the customer evaluation forms, she will begcarefully reviewing

a. herself

b. her

c. them

d. it

12. At this years orientation session, the general manager..took the time personally welcome all new recruits in her usual, affable manner.

a. herself

b. she

c. her

d. herselves

13.A extra customer service training session will be help before work tommorromorning forwho were absent from Fridays seminar.

a. these

b. those

c. that

d. him

14. It seems that laborers in underdeveloped countries would rather have thechildren help..at work than enroll them in school.

a. they


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b. them

c. themselves

d. itself

15.After Jones receives all the customers evaluation forms, she will begin carefureviewing..

a. them

b. theirs

c. himself

d. it

16. Please inform Mr. Geoffrey that we couldnt possibly thank..enough fhis excellent work in negotiation the new sales contract.

a. him

b. himself

c. themselves

d. them


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MNH QUAN H

I. MNH QUAN H

1. WHO: i t quan hch ngi, ng sau danh t ch ngi, chc nng lm ch

ng.Ex: He was a scientist. He received The Nobel Rize.

He who received The Nobel Rize was a scientist.

2. WHOM:i t quan h chngi, ng sau danh t ch ngi, chc nng lm tnng.

Ex: He was a my friend. I met him a year ago.

He whomI met a year ago was a my friend.3. WHICH: i t quan hch vt,ng sau danh t ch vt, chc nng lm ch ng

hoc tn ng.

Ex: The book is interesting. She bought it yesterday.

The book which she bought yesterday is interesting.

He often helps everyone, which makes him become friendly.

4. THAT: thay cho Who/Whom/Which.


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Dng That: - Trong mnh quan h xc nh (the, this, these, those, his, her

Lun dng that sau: all, everything, something, anything, little, much,none v so snh nht.

KHNG DNG THAT: sau du phy,

5. WHOSE:i t quan h ch s hu, thay th chotnh t s hu trc danh t,ng sau danh t ch s hu.

Ex: I will introduce you to the man. His knowledge is necessary for your project.

I will introduce you to the manwhose knowledge is necessary for your project.

6. WHEN:ng sau danh t ch thi gian.

Ex: Thurdays isthe day when she meet her father.

at/on/in which, then when

7. Where:ng sau danh t ch ni chn.

Ex: Paris is theplace where I want to come.

at/in/to which, there where

8. WHY: ng sau the reason ch l do.

That isthe reason why she tries to work hard.

II. GII T TRONG MNH QUAN H

The teacher whom we studies with a month is Mr. Rock.


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WHOMGii t +

WHICH

Nu gii tng cui mnh quan h thuc mt cm ng t th khng em gt ra trc whom, which.

Ex: That is the hatwhich he islooking for.

III. RT GN MNH QUAN H

A. DNG CHNG : Ving

1. The manwho is playing tennis with her is a actress.

The manplaying tennis with her is a actress.

2. The customers who complainted about service should see the manager.

.

B. DNG BNG: V3/ed

1. The automatic systemwhich is created by Mr. Sidney is good pratice.

The automatic systemcreated by Mr. Sidney is good pratice.

2. She who was interviewed a days ago was entirely suitable.

..

EXERCISES

1. The house (paint) in white is where he lives.


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2. Tom lives in a building (have) twenty storeys.

3. He (invite) to her birthday is teacher.

4. My friend,Jack,(that, who,whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to

spend Christmas in Scotland.5. This is the gun with (that, whom,which) the murder was committed.

6. The meal,(that,which, whose) wasnt very tasty, was expensive.

7. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.

8. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and Ill have you.

9. He teaches me (how/where/what/when) to play the guitar

10. (What/Which/Who/That) he have to do before receives this job.

11. He ask her (what,when,which,that) he should do it.

12. The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party

13. I dont like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.

14. I dont believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.

15. I live in Vietnam(in which/whom/that) I was born.

16. The mother teach me (how/what/where) to cook the food.

17. he ask for information, we will be happy to help you with all our hear

a. Whenever

b. Where

c. Who

d. Whatever 18. you send the package, just make sure it gets there before noon

tomorrow.

a. Wherever


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b. Whenever

c. How

d. What

19. Roaming service makes it possible to use your mobile phone..you go iFrance, America, China.

a. what

b. whatever

c. wherever

d. whomever

20. At certain shops in populous areas, they sell imitation bags and shoes,.isillegal.

a. which

b. where

c. but

d. who

21..interested in the film can contact me, if you want to get a free ticket tothe festival.

a. Whoever

b. Someone

c. Anyone

d. One

22. Any personwas involved in this case is advised to consult a lawyer.

a. who

b. whoever

c. whom


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d. she

23. The latest company report indicateslower profitability is likely ovthe next quarter due to the increased cost of resources.

a. whichb. that

c. when

d. why

24. does not want to receive mailing services may call our Customer ServiCenter at a toll-free number.

a. Anyone b. Some

c. Whoever

d. None

25. A Grandeur spokesperson also stated that ample parking space isavailable,an underground facility.

a. what includesb. which includes

c. where include

d. who includes

26. This intimate event,..at a luxurious resort in LA, is a gathering of the

industrys most influential thought leaders.a. located

b. locating

c. location


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d. locate

27. We are a business strategy consulting firm.the top management of leading corporations.

a. servedb. serving

c. serve

d. are serving

28. The head of the IT Hepartment called a meetingthe companys newelectronic security guidelines.

a. introducing b. introduced

c. introduction

d. to introduce

29. Any personto donate money to non-profit organizations is supposedcomplete a document afterward.

a. wishedb. wishing

c. to wish

d. wish

SO SNH TNH T V TRNG T

I. So snh bng

1. Tnh t


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S + Linking Verbs + as + ADJ + as + S2

Ex: This printer is as effective as that one.

That bedroom istwice as heavy as the one.

2. Trng t

S1 + V + as + adv + as + S2

Ex: Fill out this form as quickly as possible

2. Danh tS1 + as + many/few + noun + as

much/little

Ex: He has as many books as she does.

II. So snh khng bng

tnh t

S1 + Linking Verbs + not + as + adj+ as + S2

Ex: This inflation rate this year is not ashigh as last year

trng t

S1 + V + not + as + adv + as +S2

II. So snh hn

1. Tnh t v trng t:

S1 + V + ADJ/ADV (ngn) + ER + THAN + S2

MORE + ADJ/ADV (di) + THAN + S2


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Nhn mnh: THM FAR/ MUCH

S1 + V + far/much + ADJ/ADV (ngn) + ER + THAN + S2

far/much + more/less +ADJ/ADV (di) + THAN + S2

Ex: My book is far thicker than yours.

His car is far more expensive than mine.

2. Danh t:

S + V + more/fewer/less/ + noun + than

Ex: He has less money than she has.

IV. SO SNH KP1. cng........cng

The + SSH + S + V, The + SSH + S + V

Ex: The higher the sun ries, the warrner the weather is.

The more difficult the test is, the bader the mark is.

2. cng ngy cng

. adj/adv (ngn) Ex: This tree is higher and higher.

. adj/adv (di)

She becomes more and more beautiful.

V. SO SNH NHT

adj/adv (ngn) + est

S + V +THE most + adj/adv (di) + S2

least + adj/adv (di)


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Ex: He is the tallest in this class.

Bng so snh tnh t, trng t bt quy tc

Adj So snh hn So snh nht

good/well better best

bad worse worst

little (amount) less least

little (size) smaller smallest

much / many more most

far (place + time) further furthest

far (place) farther farthest

late (time) later latest

near (place) nearer nearest

old (people and things) older/elder oldest/eldest

1. She works as.money as he do.

a. much

b. many

c. little

d. a & c is correct


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2. He has as..book as she do.

a. few

b. many

c. much

d. a & b is correct

3. She doesnt have..experince as he does.

a. as much

b. as many

c. many

d. too many

4. Let me show you away to print out that report.

a. more better

b. best

c. better

d. the best

5. His dog is.of the two.

a. the prettier

b. prettiest

c. the prettiest

d. prettiest


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6. Between them, she is

a. the bigger

b. bigger

c. the biggest

d. biggest

7. His resignation happened at thepossible time.

a. most

b. worst

c. worse

d. terrible

8. The Springborg Hotel chains attention to detail and business-friendly pricinstructure make our hotels.to any others in the mid-priced hotel bracket.

a. better b. most

c. superior

d. advanced

9. One of themoments of my life was the moment that I saw the face

my new-born daughter for the first time.a. great

b. greatest


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c. greater

d. greatly

10. The budget cut made our projectmore difficult.

a. many

b. very

c. so

d. even

11. Customers who join the Tracey Department Store Membership Club can get much..20 percent off on all items in stock.

a. than

b. as

c. for

d. with12. Located near Kaitaia on the east coast of the North Island, 90 Mile Beach is one

New Zealands.. tourist sites.

a. most attractive

b. more attractive

c. attractived. more attractive than

13. Under a new law, accountants who produce false documents are subjeto.penalties than they were a few years ago.


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a. harsher

b. harsh

c. harshly

d. harshest.

14. Most employees find itand more convenient to go to a printing shrather than use the photocopier on the third floor..

a. fast

b. faster

c. fastest

d. fasten

15. Creativity and productivity can be increased if our employees are able spend.time doing repetitive and routine task.

a. less

b. least

c. lesser

d. lessen

16. The more motivated the workers are, the.the productivity becomes.

a. highb. higher

c. most high


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d. more higher

17.Our staff prefers to fly than to use other modoes of transportation since it is mumore..

a. convenient

b. conveniently

c. convenience

d. the convenient

18. You should hand in the sales report to the boss asas possible.

a. quick

b. quickly

c. quicker

d. quickest

19. Trade journals reveal that thecomputers are popular for good reason.a. most late

b. most

c. latest

d. most latest

20.According to recent reports, the economic situation is not..serious as moanylysist think.

a. very


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b. as

c. that

d. too


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TRNG T V TNH T

I. Trng t 1. Cch thnh lp: Trng t c thnh lp bng cch thm hu t LY vo

sau tnh t.

Ex: currently, effectively, reasonably, properly

2. o ng

ADV + TR T + S + V 1 + O.

(never/only/rarely/seldom/hardly/nowhere/not only/under nocircumstances)

Ex: He not only refused to help me but he also laughed at me.

Not only did he refuse to help.

Ex: You should not travel alone under any circumstances.

Under no circumstances should you travel alone.

Only twice in the last thirty years.the company seen such low salesfigures.

a. has

b. does


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c. since

d. have

II. Tnh t:

L nhng t tn cng c ui:able, al, ful, nt, tive, ious, tory, ic, ed, ing.

Able: affortable, available, considerable, responsible, eligable

Al: substantial, initial, local

Ful: successful, useful

Tive: effective, competitive, imperative, attractive, successive, consecutive,

Ent: current, apparent, confident, urgent

Ous: dangerous, generous, humorous

BLE: responsible, flexible

Less: careless, harmless

Ly: frinedly, lovely, costly,

Y: rainy, muddy

Ic: economic, specificTory: mandatory

Ed: interested, surprised, bored

Ing`: interesting, surprising, boring

Ex: I am interested in this book.

This book is interesting.

That is book interesting.

Everybody was (surprised/surprising) at his successful report.

He is a very (interested/interesting) person.

She studies very fastly. She has made (astonishing/astonished) progress.


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It was a really (terrifying/terrified) experience.

late (a/adv): tr

lately (a/adv): gn y

hard (a/adv): chm ch

hardly (a/adv): hu nh khng

III. V tr ca trng t v tnh t

Tnh t Trng t ngtrc danh t

Ex: The girl havelong hair.

ngsaung tto be, stay,remain, become, seem, feel,

ngtrc tnh t Ex: She finishesquickly difficult job.

ngtrc trng t Ex: Mary has fulfilled the work


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look, keep, makeEx: She is a considerate person. She becomes confused when meetingme.

completely well.

ngsau ng t thngEx: He speaks Englishfluently.

- Nhn mnh: trng tng trc Vthng. Ex: Healways deal with the mail first.

- ng u cuEx: Unfortunately, the tickets aresold out.

- Be/have + adv + V2/ed/ingEx: This contract is successfully

signed.


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1. The Department of Industrial Relations no longer believesthatreiews of employee pay and conditions are necessary.

a. most regularly

b. more regular

c. regularly

d. regular

2. To make..decisions, all team members will refer to the recentmaterials.

a. strategic

b. strateg

c. stratingly

d. stratetation

3. Everybody knows that it is a market.

a. complete

b. competitive

c. competitively

d. competition

4. Anumber of people attended the conference.


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a. consider

b. consideration

c. considerate

d. considerable

5. At Jacks Kitchen, we sell top-quality knives and cooking equipment atsurprisingly ...prices.

a. affordable

b. affordably

c. affordability

d. afford

6. Applicants are advised to fill out an application form concisely to impress potential emloyees, without being too.or boring.

a. repeat

b. repeating

c. repetitive

d. repitition

7. The members of the tour group were.to gather together at the frontentrance of the museum.

a. instruct

b. instructed

c. instructing

d. instruction

8. Although the two automobiles have greatly different prices, they are performance.

a. comparation


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c. increased

d. increasingly

13. The Federal Reserve Bank managed to keep inflationthroughout th

period that economy was in recession.a. low

b. lowly

c. lower

d. lowing

14. It remains.that a merger will increase profitability in the medium

term because of the hight cost redundancy packages.a. doubt

b. doubtful

c. doubtfully

d. doubted

15. The company will conduct its business in an.. manner.

a. effective

b. effecting

c. effected

d. effection

16. Despite being a newcomer to the field of ship building, Upgrade Engineerinhas achieved..results in its first year.

a. enviable

b. enviably

c. enviability

d. Enviablen


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17. The weekend program of special activities for handicapped children was agreat success thanhks to those who generouslytheir time.

a. volunteered

b. volunteeringc. voluntary

d. voluntarily

18. Although he did not performwell as a student, he went on to become one of the most respected scholars in his field.

a. especially

b. especialc. special

d. specially

19. Please place your luggage in the overhead looker and ensure that the lockeris closed.

a. secure

b. securelyc. security

d. secured

20. Earthquake damage has caused some of the communications network to shudownuntil essential repairs are carried out.

a. completion

b. completelyc. complaint

d. complaintly


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21. She isnt hard but.. she passes this test.

a. fortunately

b. fortunate

c. fortunating

d. fortunated

22. We have been meeting with them daily since the end of the monthand.signed agreement.

a. besides

b. still

c. further

d. ever

23. That is the place to go for hight quality andpriced harware and homerenovation equipment.

a. reasonable

b. reasonably

c. reasoned

d. reasoning

24.He describes the harmful effects of mercury, a chemicalsubstance.know for its use in toy manufacturing.

a. primary

b. primarily

c. primal

d. primacy

25. Reorganizing the entire department to create an additional work shift provednot to be asas some had though.


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a. simple

b. simply

c. ensure

d. exceptionally

26. The manager said that all applicants should fill out application

a. promptly

b. prompt

c. prompting

d. prompted

27. According to the staff rule, the cooking are needs to be cleaned..everynight before the restaurant closes.

a. thorough

b. thoroughing

c. thoroughed

d. thoroughly

28. Even though the finance executive didnt personally authorize the illegal purchase, he is..responsible for the actions of everyone on his crew.

a. indirect

b. indirectly

c. indirection

d. indirected

29. Should anyone enter your home without your permission while you are atwork, your homesure security system will.send you email and cell phonealerts.

a. automatical


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b. automatic

c. automatically

d. automating

30. The manufacturing firm, which had been search for opportunities toexpand its operations, hasacquired a new factory in Newark.

a. finally

b. final

c. finaless

d. to final

31. Cosda is a good mall to frequent, as it is spacious andlocated with lots free parking.

a. convenient

b. conveniently

c. convenience

d. more convenient

32. You will be routinely asked to undergo a medical exam before beginning neemployment that is known to bestressful.

a. extreme

b. extremely

c. extremity

d. extremes

33. HRF.Medical supplies is pround to have been chosen for the contract and ilooks forward to abeneficial business relationship with Gilrest Hospital.

a. mutually

b. mutual


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c. more mutual

d. most mutual

CU TRC GINH

A. DNG VI NG T

S1 + V + (that) + S2 + (not) + V1

(ask, require, request, suggest, recommend, decrease, insist, move, propurse, urge, stipulate)

B. DNG VI TNH T

It + (be) + (that) + S2 + (not) + V1

(essential, vital, necessary, important, mandartory,...........

1. It's essential he.............his term paper by the and of next week. a.submit

b. submits

c. will submit


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d. to submit

2. Although the doctor recommended that he..................to work for the three days, he weto work today.

a. must not go b.not go

c. not to go

d. does not go


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GII T

1. at

- at 9 a..m, at night, at present, at once, at night,..

- at home/ at the station/at price/ at the the end/

2. on

- on Monday/ on March 25th/ on New Years Eve - on TV/ on the second floor/ on N.DU street/ on the market/ on the Internet

3. in

- in 2013

- in March

- in spring

- in the morning

- in the office/ in Paris

EX: He will present at precisely 10 p.m, on October 21th.

4. for: for 5 years/ f a month/

5. during + thi im, thi k ( vacation/ the meeting/the performance)

6. by + time

Ex: He must submit the applications by Tuesday.

7. into: vo trong

8. with: vi


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Ex: The secretary will provide us with important documents.

9. under:

Ex: Under these circumtances, she must try harder.

10. of: ca, v

Ex: Tom was aware of his action.

11. along: dc theo

12. behind: pha sau

13. beyond: pha trc

14. between..and: gia ( so snh hai i tng)

15. among: trong s (so snh hn hai i tng)

16. beside: bn cnh

17. besides: ngoi ra

18. from: t

19. throughout: + time: xuyn sut Ex: throughout a year

+ place: khp ni Ex: throughout country20. withinof: trong vng

Ex:

21. for, to//////for, in

Ex: The train for Hong Kong will leave in 3 minutes.


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GII T LIN T NGHA

Because of, due to,owning to Because, since, as, seeingthat, now that Bi v

Despite, in spite of Although, even though,even if, though

Mc d

In order to, so as to So that, in order that mIn the case of: trongtrng hp

In case: phng khi

Instead of Bi vAccording to Theo nh

Moreover, further more Hn th naHowever, nevertheless Tuy nhinTherefore, thus, so V vyUnless, if.not,otherwise, or

nu khng

While, whereas Trong khiMeanwhile Trong khiAs if, as though Nh th, dng nhProvided, as long as, providing

Min l

Assuming that Gi s rng Not only.but also Khng nhng.m cnBoth..and Va.vaEither.or Hochoc Neitheirnor CngkhngWhether.or (not) C.khng

SINCE + (N.P/ CLAUSE/TIME): bi v, k t khi

UNTIL + (N.P/CLAUSE/TIME): cho n khiONCE: mt khi, tng

NGUYN TC:

GII T + N.P (despite + N.P)


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KHNG GII T + CLAUSE

1. She has lived in New York (within/for/since) last year.

2. I have taught this school (for/since) 2 years.

3. The engineer has been fixing the computer for four hours.

4. She has a meeting with the manager in three hours.

5. Mary will go to Paris (in/for/before/within) ten days.

6. The secretary must forward this document to director (until/by/at/within)

10 p.m.7. This store is open (until/by/at/within) 11p.m

8. You can get a full refund(within/by/on/for) 30 days of purchase.

9. Her project is likely (to/on/at) sucecessful.

10. A variety (about/of /to) music makes me interested.

11.He apologized to her (for/about/from) late.

12. I retained (to/of/from)my account 10$.

13. We is very happy in honor (of/about/to) organising this banquet.

14. He and I contrary (in/to/at) this problem.

15. She reminded him (of/from/to) register for the annual meeting.

16. It is important (to/about/for) him to conduct this project.

17. Special events scheduled at the resort provide guest (with/for/to) entertainment.

18. She has worked (as/with/of) a professional violinist for over 5 years.


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30. This carton should be keptreach of children at all times because it contahazardous materials.

a. out of

b. far way

c. without

d. within

31. We are going to receiving a special bonus this month because sales..thsecond quarter reached a record high contract.

a. at

b. in

c. on

d. to

32. Mr.Watanabe will come back to the office on April 2,..which time he will treall inquiries about the new downsizing policy.

a. across

b. at

c. on

d. with

33. A new strategic planincreasing productivity was introduced at the lameeting of the board of directors.

a. in


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b. by

c. for

a. to

34.Wonjun Choi, chief executive officer of Jun.com, briefed all his stafmembers.the news about the new employee website.

a. on

b. at

c. about

d. for

35. New members..the health club are eligible for special benefits.

a. on

b. with

c. of d. for

36. The company succeeded in reducing costs..investing heavily in technology.

a. by

b. to

c. at

d. for


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37. In a desperate move to increase their revenues to meet their sales goal, the compais planning to offer a special discount..its customers.

a. by

b. to

c. with

d. upon

38. The Federal Reserve Bank managed to keep inflation lowthe period that teconomy was in recession.

a. throughout

b. among

c. without

d. for

39. All resident of the neighborhood should be cautioned not to use any wattapsthe repair is in progress.

a. during

b. due to

c. while

d. because of

40. he has a lot of experience, he was able to get a job easily.

a. Even though

b. Because


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c. Due to

d. In spite of

41. They attempted to both enlarge their business..specialized their services, whwas difficult to do.

a. and

b. or

c. nor

d. unless

42. Due to the renovation of the entire building, one of the highly popular restauranOutveck, will be closedfurther notice.

a. prior to

b. before

c. within

d. until

43. According to the packaing date recorded on the carton, the dairy produce nedds

be consumed on before the 16th of February.

a. but

b. from

c. to

d. or


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44. We have been very haappy working here and thank you for youguidance.our employment.

a. into

b. before

c. during

d. to

45. We are considering operating the plant as a joint business..your compaand ours.

b. both

c. either

d. among

e. between

46. the 7-day trial period has ended, customers are welcome to return equipment for a full refund.

a. Beyond

b. During

c. Between

d. After

47. Emloyees are not eligble to apply for insurance benefits until they have beemployed.a period of 30 days.

a. since


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b. about

c. for

d. while

48. The research function of the companys website doesnt not allow people to acccertain informationentering a user name and passworld first.

a. how

b. what

c. without

d. whenever

49. .his public speech on the new taxation plan, the governor answered nmaquestion from concerned citizens.

a. During

b. For

c. Without

d. By

50. Most forecasts are predicting that the stromy weather around San Bernadino wclrear up..Tuesday at the earliests.

a. between

b. by

c. within

d. until


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51. All entries for the price draw to win a fee trip for 4 to Cosmic Planet in Orlanmust be submitted..November 23 at the latest.

a. until

b. by

c. for

d. over

52. The discount chain Cut-Price Grocery has over 75 stores in towns ancitiesCalifornia.

a. amid

b. throughout

c. under

d. between

53. The tour of the production facilities in Mexico, which will take lace on Fridmorning, was mistakenly amitted.the itinerary sent to Ms. Kim.

a. from

b. by

c. for

d. To

54.Customer can receive a 10% discount on any store purchase of 100$ olessfilling out one of the survey forms.

a. in


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b. as

c. with

d. by

55. ..todays unprecdictable economy, the law of supply and demand does nfunction the same as it once did.

a. on

b. without

c. in

d. to

56. The hightlight of the ceremony was the presentation..a special award world-renowned research er Dr.Townsend.

a. of

b. for

c. from

d. by

57. An adventure story about a mountain climbers trip to Africa will bfeaturednext months issue.

a. with

b. to

c. about


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d. in

58. On account of your poor credit rating, we will not ship the merchandise youwe have received payment in full.

a. within

b. for

c. by

d. until

59. Gentle Electronics will repair or replace any product that has been damaged so loas it is still..warranty.

a. on

b. under

c. throughout

d. behind

60. Volunteers for Peace International must endure some of the harshest workiconditions,.they

continue to bring help and hope to communities worldwwide.

a. so as to

b. for

c. once

d. yet


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61. John is a bit nervous because he will give a speechthe board members thafternoon.

a. by

b. on

c. to

d. during

62. ..Mr.Binghams promotion became official, may of his colleagues haapproached him to

congratulate him.

a. Despite

b. Nevertheless

c. Since

d. whether

63. The prepairperson will not come..you make an appointment at least 24 hoursadvance.

a. although

b. unless

c. provided

d. Though

64. It is often reported in the press.bonuses paid to chief executives are excessand do not take actual performance into consideration.


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a. that

b. what

c. so

d. whereas

65. According to the companys leave policy, employees will be paid for their sileaves..they submit confirmation from a physician.

a. as if

b. as many as

c. only if

d. yet

66. people who love their work need time to relax and enjoy themselves.

a. Also

b. Evenc. Nevertheless

d. And

67. The proceeds from the charity auction will go to the Gatling Foundation..Books for Tots program.

a. and b. but

c. so


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S HA HP GIA CH NG VNG T

I. Nguyn tc c bn

S (s t) + V (s t) + OS (s nhiu) + V (s nhiu) + O

DA VO S V

1. Enrollment in computer courses.. increased for the past few years.

a. has

b. have

c. is

d. are

DA VO V S

2. The..of exercising regularly while pregnant surpass staying sedentaryduring pregnancy.

a. benefit

b. benefits


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c. benefiting

d. benefited

N1 + PRE. + N2 + V (N1)

II. NG T CHI S T

1. EACH, EVERY/ANY (ONE, BODY,THING), SOMEBODY, SOMEONE,SOMETHING V (s t)

Tr every people V (s nhiu)

2. Hnh thc s nhiu nhng chia s t: news, physics, meals, the United States, ABIndustries.

3. Danh t khng m c, furniture, water, traffic, knowledge,homewwork.

4. Thi gian, s tin, khong cch, n v o lng

5. Mnh quan h bt u Who, what, that,..ng chc nng ch ng.

Who

What + S + V ( s t)


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That

Ex: That you do exercise regularly is useful for healthy.

6. Ving/ To V1 lm ch ng V (s t)

Ex: Writting many letters makes her happy.

III. NG T CHIA S NHIU

1. Danh t tp hp

+ Tnh t .Ex: The poor are hard.

THE + V (s nhiu)

+ People, poplice

IV. NG T CHIA S T HOC S NHIU

1. along with

N1 + as well as + N2 + V (chia theo N1)

together with Ex: He, as well as, his friends studies hard.

2. Eitheir OR

Neither + N1 +NOR + N2 + V (chia theo N2)

Not only BUT ALSO

3. Thenumber of + N (s nhiu) +V (s nhiu)

A number of + N (s nhiu) +V (s t)


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1. Certification of compliance with international standards a requirmentof all pharmaceutical companies wishing to operate in New Zealand.

a. are

b. isc. to be

d. been

2. The for the conference room is posted on the bullentin board at theHelp Desk.

a. scheduling b. scheduled

c. schedules

d. schedule

3. Reducing the costs more difficult than we had expected.

a. was

b. are

c. is


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d. were

4. The sales reports from the regional branches.

a. has been reviewed.

b. have been reviewed.

c. reviewing

d. reviewed

5. The .for the vacant position are advised to submit requireddocuments prior to the deadline.

a. applicants

b. applications

c. applicant

d. apply

6. The Palmdale resort is offering a complimentary massage to guests who fo

more than two nights.a. stays

b. stay

c. to stay

d. stayed

7. The results of recent tests ..that further changes are needed.

a. indicate b. indicates

c. indicate

d. indicated


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8. The decision regarding the merger of the two companies.to the publicyesterday.

a. was announced

b. announced c. were announced

d. announcing

9. The regulations governing animal research..many provisions to safeguardanimal welfare.

a. contains

b.contain c. have been contained

d. is containing

10. Travel Trends...one of Americas most popular international travelmagazines, with subscribers in more than sixty different countries. worldwide.

a. are

b. been c. is

d. being

11. Houses in the exclusive Watershed Community usually. on the market fono more than one or two months before they are sold.

a. stay

b. stays c. staying

d. stayed


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12. HRF Medical Suppliesproud to have been chosen for the contract andlooks forward to a mutually beneficial business relationship with Gilcrest Hospita

a. has

b. have c. are

d. is

13. Benson Steels profits next year ..expected to surpass last years profits at least 22 percent.

a. are

b. is c. been

d. being

14. PebeKids plans ti investigate numerous..about the technical problemsrelated to its new infant carrier.

a. complain

b. complaintsc. complaining

d. complainer


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TH

I. TH HIN TI N V HIN TI TIP DIN

HIN TI N HIN TI TIP DIN1. CNG THC

K: S + IS/AM/ARE + O V1/V(s/es)

P: S + IS/AM/ARE NOT + O

S + DONT/DOESNT + V (nguyn mu) + O

NV:(Wh)DO/DOES + S+ V(nguyn mu) + O ?

2. CCH DNGDin t mt thi quenEx: I constantly go to bed at 11 p.m.Din t mt chn l, mt s tht hin nhinEx:The sun gets in the West.Din t mt lch trnh c snEx: The plane takes off at 6 p.m tommorrow morning.Dng trong mnh trng ng ch thi gian:When, whenever, as soon as, until, beforeEx: Lina will go until he comes.He will go as soon as she agrees with him.Du hiu:Always, constantly: lun lunEx: He constantly arrives on time for themeeting.Often/ usually/ frequently: thngEx: She frequently studies English.Sometimes/occcasionally/from time to time:thnh thongEx: She occasionally complaints about their service.Seldom/rarely: t khiEx: She rarely drinks beers.Every day/ week/monthEx: I do exercise every day

1. CNG THC

K: S + IS/AM/ARE + VING + O

P: S + IS/AM/ARE + NOT +VING

NV: IS/AM/ARE + S + VING + O?

2. Cch dng

Din t mt hnh ng ang xti.Ex: He is currently installing a program computer.Dng din t mt hnh niEx: The experts are discussingin detail now.

KHNGdng thHTTDvi cccm gic tri gic:see, hear,smell , love, believe, understan

3. Du hiu Nowright nowat the presentat the momentcurrently3 p.m yesterday


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In/over/during/for + the last/past + time

Ex: She hasnt seen him over the last 2 years.

S + HTHT + SINCE + S + QK.

Ex: I have taught for 2 years since I graduated from university.

2. HIN TI HON THNH TIP DIN

S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + VING

Cch dng:

Nhn mnh hnh ng

Ex: He (study) English for 7 years

III. QU KHN V QU KH TIP DIN

1. QU KHN

S + V2/ED + O.


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Cch dng : Din t mt hnh ng xy ra qu kh v chm dt hoton qu.

Ex: She went to Ha Noi last year.

Du hiu

Last night/month/year

Yesterday, ago

In + year

Last, today, this morning

Ex: She often wears shirt but today she wore ao dai.

2. Qu kh tip din

S + was/were + Ving + O

Cch dng

Din t hnh ng xy ra ti mt thi im xc nh trong qu kh.


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Ex: He was reading book at 8p.m yesterday.

Din t hnh ng ang xy ra qu kh, hnh ng khc xem vo

Ex: When he came yesterday, she was still sleeping.

Hai hnh ng xy ra song song trong qu kh

Ex: While Tom was studying, his mother was cooking.

Du hiu

At this time last night

While

She usually (cry) when she was sad.When he (be) ten, his parents (die).

IV. QU KH HON THNH V QU KH HON THNH TIP DIN

1. Qu kh hon thnh

S + HAD + V3/ED

Cch dng:

Din t hnh ng xy ra trc mt thi gian trong qu kh

Ex: Mary had gone to Paris before 2012.

Din t mt hnh ng xy ra trc mt hnh ng khc trong qu khEx: When she found picture, he had gone.


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2. Qu kh hon thnh tip din

S + HAD + BEEN + VING

Dng nhn mnh tip din

Ex: She had been doing this job for 3 years before you came.

Ex: By the end of last August, He had been working for this company for 10 years

He said yesterday that he had gone to HCM city.

He said yesterday that he went to HCM city in 2012.

V. TNG LAI

1. TNG LAI N

S + WILL/SHALL + V1

Ex: She will stay here until he comes.

DU HIU

I think, Im afraid,probaly

Ex: He thinks he will sign this contract.


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2. TNG LAI GN

S + BE GOING TO + V1

3. TNG LAI TIP DIN

S + WILL/SHALL + BE + VING

4. TNG LAI HON THNH

S + WILL/SHALL + HAVE + V3

Cch dng: din t hnh ng s hon tt trc mt thi im hoc mthnh ng khc tng lai.

Ex: By next August, He will have worked for this company.

By + thi gian tng lai: chia th HTHT

5. TNG LAI HON THNH TIP DIN

S + WILL/SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + VING

Cch dng: Dng nhn mnh thi gian

Ex: By next August, He will have been working for this company for 10years.


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1. The committee..the proposal at the moment.

a. was reviewing

b. is reviewing


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c. reviews

d. reviewed

2. This morning, hethe report.

a. submitted

b. submitts

c. submits

d. submission

3. Pam International.its workforce by 10 percent over the last twyears.

a. increase

b. decrease

a. has increased

b. increases4. By the end of last March, IEnglish for 5 years.

a. had been studying

b. had studied

c. studied

d. have studied

5. By the time you come there, she.a big cake.

a. will made


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b. will have made

c. makes

d. made

6. Extreme Toys is proud to announce that sales of theSkateExtreme..on March 1, a month earlier than anticipated.

a. have been starting

b. are being started

c. are started

d. will be starting

7. All the companys datawhen the computer room caught on fire.

a. is lost

b. loses

c. losingd. was lost


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S LNG


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1.SOME: dng trongcu khng nh v cu ngh lch s.

Ex: Would you like.......?

2.ANY: dng trongcu ph nh hocnghi vn v trong dng trong cukhng nh khinhn mnh, trong mnh IF

EX: Anybodywho stole my purse.

If anyone phones for me, you must tell I went out.

3.NO + N

Ex: She is no money.

4.MOST + N

Most students have to study English.

5. SOME/MOST/NONE + OF + the

this, that, these, those,

my, his, her, our, their

them, us, him, her, me

Ex: Most of the experts is good knowledge.

6.Much, many: dng trong cuph nh. cu hi (dng trong cuxc nh khi c very,too, so, as).

Ex: She reads book so much.

7. A lot of: dng trong cu khng nh

8. Many, few: dng vi danh t m uc s nhiu.

9. Much, little: dng vi danh t khng m uc.

10. A lot of, lots of, plenty of: dng vi danh t m uc s nhiu v danh t khng c.

11. a few, a little: mt t, mt vi


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few, little: hu nh khng c

Ex: He 's lucky. She has few problems.

She has little time to look after her children.

Have you got any money? Yes, a little.

A few of these children will go to work at a garage.

12. many = a large number

13. much = a great deal of, a large amount of.

14.

She has 2 hats, one is black, the other is white.

She has 4 hats, one is black, another blue, the others are white.

Some people eat durian while others don't.

Those trousers are dirty. you'd better wear your other pair.

This film is terrifying. I want see another.

* another: mt ci khc* the other: ngui/vt cn li

* the others: nhng ngi/vt cn li

* others: nhng ngi/vt khc (khng xc nh)

* other: khc


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d. many

3. ...........parties were satisfied with the contrat terms.

a. One

b. Any

c. Eitheir

d. Both

4.Sorry to say,.........book contains anything that you have had.

a. eitheir

b. neitheir

c. many

d. much

5. .........two months, she go on a vacation.

a.Every

b. All

c. Any d. Each

6. It is important but only...............staffs are invited the meeting.

a. few

b. little

c. many

d. a few

7. the assets of Acme Equipment have been seized and will be auctioned off byAuction Services on Saturday, April 1, 2008, at 2:00 p.m.

a. Almost


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AUXILIARY VERBS (TRNG T)

1. TRNG T + VING/VED/V3

EX: Tom was playing tennis at 3 oa.m yesterday

2. Modal Verbs (can, could, will, would,..) + V1

EX: She can solve this problem.

Cch dng: Can

Could

May

Might

EX: I can do that job.

3. Should/ought to/had better (not) + V1 : NN

You should go to bed early.


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