next organization 3: organization theory course @esc rennes

NEXT ORGANIZATION3

INSTITUTIONS SYSTEMS OF …

ROUTINES ROLES RULES RITUALS REIFICATIONS

FUNCTIONS OF INSTITUTIONS …

ERSATZINSTINCTS (MENTAL) HEALTH GUIDANCE PROTECTION COHESION MEMORY

INSTITUTION AND EVOLUTION

STABILIZATION

VARIATION

SELECTION

DYSFUNCTIONS OF INSTITUTIONS …

INSTINCTS? SELF-PROTECTION? HIERARCHIE? ROLE-FLEXIBILITY? OUTSIDERS? REIFICATION? CHANGE?

DYSFUNCTION AND ALTERNATIVE A)  FUNCTION: BOTH/AND B)  DYS-: EITHER/OR

PREVIEW | ORGANIZATION AS SYSTEMS OF DECISION

KEYWORDS 1EXIT OPTION 2MEMBERSHIP

SOCIETY

DEATH OR

SOCIETY

BARBARISM OR

SOCIETY

HELL OR

INSTITUTIONALIZED SOCIETIES

LOVE | CHOICE OR MAGIC?

LOVE | FIRST CHOICE, THEN INSTITUTION?

INSTITUTIONALIZED SOCIETIES

INSTITUTION INSTITUTION

ORGANIZATION

OBSERVATION

“WE TAKE AS GIVEN THE IDEA OF DISTINCTION

AND THE IDEA OF INDICATION, AND THAT WE CANNOT MAKE AN INDICATION WITHOUT

DRAWING A DISTINCTION. WE TAKE, THEREFORE, THE

FORM OF DISTINCTION FOR THE FORM” (SPENCER

BROWN, 1979, P. 1)

DYS-/FUNCTIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN CRITICIZING AN INSTITUTION, WE IMPLICITLY DISTINGUISH THIS INSTITUTION FROM ONE OR MORE ALTERNATIVE INSITUTIONS, THUS NECESSARILY OBSERVING INSTITUTION THROUGH THE LENS OF ORGANIZATION. SUCH CRITICISM INEVITABLY CULMINATES IN THE OBSERVATION THAT THE CONCERNED INSTITUTION IS WELL OR MISORGANIZED.

DYS-/FUNCTIONAL INSTITUTIONS THE OBSERVATION OF MISORGANIZED INSTITUTIONS IS PARTICULARY AMUSING IF THE OBSERVED MISORGANIZATION IS ATTRIBUTED TO PARTICULARLY SUCCESSFUL INSTITUTIONS.

TOTAL INSTITUTION “A TOTAL INSTITUTION MAY BE DEFINED AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE AND WORK WHERE A LARGE NUMBER OF LIKE-SITUATED INDIVIDUALS, CUT OFF FROM THE WIDER SOCIETY FOR AN APPRECIABLE PERIOD OF TIME, TOGETHER LEAD AN ENCLOSED, FORMALLY ADMINISTERED ROUND OF LIFE. PRISONS SERVE AS CLEAR EXAMPLE” (GOFFMAN 1968)

ARE PRISONERS

MEMBERS OF THEIR PRISON?

NON-MEMBERS WHO’S LIFE IS HIGHLY ORGANIZED* BY A TOTAL INSITUTION? *“PUNISHMENTS AND PRIVILEGES ARE THEMSELVES MODES OF ORGANIZATION PECULIAR TO TOTAL INSTITUTIONS” (GOFFMAN 1961)

FURTHER EXAMPLES OF TOTAL INSITUTIONS

TYPOLOGY OF TOTAL INSITUTIONS AS PER INMATES (GOFFMAN 1968)

A DANGEROUS (PRISON, CONCENTRATION CAMP) B ILL (LEPROSARIUM, MENTAL HOSPITAL) C VULNERABLE (ORPHANAGE, POOR HOUSE) D WORKFORCE (SHIP, BARRACK, FACTORY) E ASKETES (CONVENT, MONESTRY)

ORIGINS HABITUALIZATION HYGENE

Q IS HYGENE POSITIVE?

Q HOW ABOUT

THESE FORMS OF HYGENE?

Q -30%

40 DAYS LATER

ROOTS BLOODY ROOTS

XENOPHOBIA AS HYGENE! SEHDEV (2002) THE ORIGIN OF QUARANTINE

NEW CONTAINMENT PLAN ENDLESS QUARANTAINE!

BY THE 17TH CENTURY, LEPROSY WAS ELIMINATED IN EUROPE. [READ: 1000s OF ABANDONED INSTITUTIONS WITH NOBODY TO PUT IN] IN 1656, KING LOUIS XIV, RE-BUILD THE LARGEST FORMER LEPER HOME (RE-NAMED: L’HÔPITAL GÉNÉRAL) AND FILLED IT WITH 4,000 PARISIAN CRIMINALS, ALCOHOLICS AND GAMBLERS, AND MENTALLY ILL.

THE BIRTH OF THE CLINIC MICHEL FOUCAULT MADNESS AND CIVILIZATION MADNESS AND INSANITY THE ORDER OF THINGS DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH

THE ORDER OF THINGS

HOMELESSNESS AS CRIME

THE NEW ORDER OF THINGS THOSE WHO DO NOT LIKE TO BE OBSERVED ARE KEPT UNDER OBSERVATION

FACE MODERNITY THOSE WHO DO NOT LIKE TO BE OBSERVED ARE KEPT UNDER OBSERVATION

THE DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CLINIC

THE BIRTH OF THE PRISON MICHEL FOUCAULT DISCIPLINE AND PUNISH

ORPHANAGE SCHOOL …

2ND ORDER HYGIENE DIRTY INSTITUTIONS

2ND ORDER HYGIENE CLEANING UP THE INSTITUTIONS

2ND

ORD

ER HYG

IENE

PAN

OPTIC

ISM

FILTH FEAR OVERLOAD OVERDOSE

STRESS

PANOPTIC SELF

OBSERVATION THE CLINICAL

SOCIETY

ARE WE ALL

SINNERS PATIENTS SUSPECTS CRIMINALS PSYCHOTICS CHAOTICS? OR WHY DO THESE CLINICAL TOOLS SELF- APPLY?

THE CLINICAL BIAS A HISTORY OF ILL BODYS JUDGEMENTS FROM ABOVE ILL MINDS LOST SOULS ILL RELATIONSHIPS FALLEN ANGELS BAD NEWS ARE GOOD NEWS!

GATED COMMUNITIES ARE WE OUR OWN PRISONERS? DO WE NEED SELF/PROTECTION BY SELF/OBSERVATION … … AGAINST OURSELVES?

OR AT LEAST NEUROTICS? SELF-OBSERVATION IN SUBURBIAAM I HAPPY?

QUESTION

WHO MAKES A GOOD PATIENT

?

ANSWER EXPERTS

DSM-V

… ALWAYS MIND THE GROWTH CURVE!

ANSWER INSTITUIONS LANGUAGE ALMOST NOBODY SUFFERED FROM

BURNOUT DEPRESSION HYSTERIA JUST

15 100 150

YEARS AGO

THE PEOPLE THEMSELVES (SZASZ 1974) “THOSE WHO SUFFER AND COMPLAIN ABOUT THEMSELVES ARE USUALLY CLASSIFIED AS “NEUROTIC”. THOSE WHOSE BEHAVIOR MAKES OTHERS SUFFER, AND ABOUT WHOM OTHERS COMPLAIN, ARE USUALLY CLASSIFIED AS “PSYCHOTIC”.

ANSWER INSTITUIONS ROLES BLOODY ROLES

AS WE ARE ALL

SINNERS PATIENTS SUSPECTS CRIMINALS NEUROTICS CHAOTICS … SO TOO ARE OUR

INSTITUTIONS

WHAT WE WANT USEFUL INSTITUTIONS

WHAT WE WANT STABELIZED EXPECTATIONS ON NATURE AND SOCIETY

WYSIWYG TOTAL LOCK-IN TOTALITARIANISM SURVEILLENCE SOCIETY ARE WE MEMBERS OR COMRADES IN MISERY IN SUCH A SOCIETY?

TODAY! MARKET „THIS INSTITUTIONAL GADGET, WHICH BECAME THE DOMINANT FORCE IN THE ECONOMY – NOW JUSTLY DESCRIBED AS A MARKET ECONOMY – THEN GAVE RISE TO YET ANOTHER, EVEN MORE EXTREME DEVELOPMENT, NAMELY AS A WHOLE SOCIETY EMBEDDED IN THE MECHANISM OF ITS OWN ECONOMY – A MARKET SOCIETY“ (POLANYI AND PEARSON 1977)

MARKET A BRIEF HISTORY

MARKET AGAIN NON-MEMBERS WHOSE LIFE IS HIGHLY ORGANIZED BY A TOTAL INSTITUTION?

TOTAL INSTITUTION HOW DO WE GET OUT OF HERE?

TWO WAYS

A EMBEDDEDNESS B ORGANIZATION

1.  GOFFMAN, E. (1961). ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TOTAL INSTITUTIONS. IN SYMPOSIUM ON PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY (PP. 43-84).

2.  GOFFMAN, E. (1968). ASYLUMS: ESSAYS ON THE SOCIAL SITUATION OF MENTAL PATIENTS AND OTHER INMATES. ALDINETRANSACTION.

3.  PEARSON, H. W. (1977). THE LIVELIHOOD OF MAN. NEW YORK: ACADEMIC PRESS.

4.  SZASZ, T.S. (1974) THE MYTH OF MENTAL ILLNESS, NEW YORK. 5.  SEHDEV, P.S. (2002). "THE ORIGIN OF QUARANTINE". CLINICAL

INFECTIOUS DISEASES 35 (9): 1071–1072

REFERENCES

next organization 3: organization theory course @esc rennes

Leadership & Management