Next generation networks

2

4G Networks Why 3G is not enough? 4G Business case 4G Networks

Intra-nets (core) Inter-nets (network of networks)

Role of hot spot services Standardization

WWRF: Book of Visions - research areas 4G cases

HAPS (Higher Altitude Platform Station) ITS (Intelligent Transport System)

3

Why 3G is not enough?

higher rates than 3G can offer (2 Mbit/s - 384 kbit/s - practical rates even 64 kbit/s) are required - especially in hot spots

multirate (DiffServ) & QoS difficult to realize due to unintegrated core - air interfaces

all-IP required - makes applications developed for Internet to apply directly in 3G

interoperability with other networks and new services require more developed security

3G alone is too expensive and inflexible new technologies create new services, and

increased competition that demand 4G!

4

4G Business case 4G must give more than earlier networking to

make it a business case!

*Custom Friendly = adaptive, automated, personalized ...

Content

Service Carrier

End user

Networking participants

Equipment

- CF* configuration- unanimous inter-networking- simple and fair billing- CF graphical user interface (GUI)- security

drives development -new services mustbe created!

needs optimized usage of network resources

- adaptivity - design optimization -> cost effective design!

main power-line!

creates fashions

5

4G - network of networks

Fixed access

Office-wide hot-spots (LANs)

Global roaming

Broadcasting

Body area networks (BANs)

mobility

DAB, DVB

2G+, UMTS

DECT, IEEE 802.11

IEEE802.15.3, ERM/TG31

xDSL+DSM*, ISDN, PSTN

technologyexamples

flexible

10-100 Mb/s

1-100 Mb/s

64 kb/s - 3 Mb/s

1-100 Mb/s

rates

rate

mobility 4G

*DSM: Dynamic Spectrum Management

Wire replacement networks-10 Mb/s Bluetooth, IRdA

6

O&M

3G/4G cores compared

Back compatible to 2G Circuit and packet switched

network Existing and evolving network

coexistence Weak support for mobility & QoS User rates up to 2 Mb/s

Extends 3G capacity by the order of magnitude

Entirely packet switched All digital design Higher rates up to 100

Mb/s

3G

4G

7

Main parameters of different internet access systems

8

Main parameters of different internet access systems (cont.)

9

Moving from 3G to 4G

PHS: Personal Handyphone System (128 kb/s!), see also http://www.3g.co.uk/PR/March2002/3050.htm

10

3G and WLANs*

WLAN drawbacks: 2.4 GHz crowded - interference, especially with Bluetooth

(5 GHz band gives relief, next slide) lack of multi-mode phones security issues handovers to GSM would give a competitive edge

*Wireless Europe, issue 16, May 2002

11

Hot-spot capacities comparedra

nge

Range

few meters10-100 meters50-500 meters 10-100 meters

spati

al ca

paci

ty k

bps/

m2

12

License free bands in different countries

Bands should exist at the same frequencies in different countries to enable global roaming

13

4G Standardization

Main organizations WWRF (Wireless World Research Forum) IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards

Institute) ITU-T (International Telecommunications Union) Mobile VCE (Virtual Centre

of Excellence in Mobile and Personal Communications Ltd)

4G Mobile forum

WWRF workgroups

14

Wireless World Research Forum

Founded by Alcatel SA, L.M. Ericsson Telephone, Nokia and Siemens AG

Objectives: Combine efforts of UMTS Forum, ETSI, 3GPP, IETF, ITU

Working groups: WG1 The Human Perspective of the Wireless

World WG2 The Service Architecture for the Wireless

World WG3 New Communication Environment and

Heterogeneous Networks WG4 Spectrum, New Air Interfaces and Ad-hoc

Networking

15

WW

RF:

Book

of

Vis

ions

16

17

18

19

20

WWRF Timelines for 4G

Timelines summarized

2001: 1st Book of Visions2003: 1st prototypes2005: Standardization starts2010: 4G field tests

21

4G Architectural trends

22

4G Terminals Requirements

easy to use - services will be accessed! takes only a little power Pricing must be simple!

price follows customer classifications universal terminal - price come from service

profiles adaptive - all services potentially in the same device

Practical terminal design has many interdependent challenges computational

power battery lifetime

user input technologies

system output technologies

adaptive antennasand MIMO

artificial intelligent andpattern recognition

terminal transmission capacity DSP techniques

software radio

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4 G business model

1. Lower start-up cost2. Quicker return-of-investment3. Faster time-to-market/profits4. Higher revenue potential (cost- effective, on-demand, up-to-date service development)

4G2G+ & 3G

time

Cash flow

1.

2.

3.

4.

24

High Altitude Stratospheric Platform

Station Systems* (HAPS)

�~20 km height�balloons or planes (HeliNet)�BW=600 MHz �fc= 47 GHz�rates: 25 Mb/s… hundreds of Mb/s

*see also http://www.skystation.com/sts.html

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HAPS summarized Benefits

versatile: multitude of services in different locations. (2G->) Also, new services

broadband, also to moving stations cost-effective

Open issues most feasible technology? demo missing - first follows in PIMRC'02 reliability in harsh environment service availability (rain attenuation, depends

on radio frequencies)

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Intelligent Transport System* (ITS)

http://www.itsa.org/

- Tele-services- Improved safety- Improved traffic efficiency and reduced congestion- Improved environmental quality and energy efficiency- Improved economic productivity

http://www.piarc.lcpc.fr/

see also: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

27

ITS summarized Provide multimedia for drivers & passengers Solving problems such as traffic accidents & congestion Development areas: navigation, electronic tolls,

assistance for safe driving … Telecomm development: road-vehicle communications,

inter-vehicle communications Modems along roadsides using optical fibers by Radio on

Fiber (ROF) technology or at 5.4 GHz band Some international projects:

German ministry for education and research: COMCAR

IP based multimedia & telematics applies GSM, UMTS, DVB, GPS ...

EU-project: Multimedia Car Platform (MCP) Communications, navigation, entertainment ...

28

4G framework summarized

29

ReferencesAbdi R. Modarressi, Seshadri Mohan: Control and Management in Next-Generation Networks: Challenges and Opportunities, IEEE Communication Magazine, Oct 2001Stan Moyer and Amjad Umar: The Impact of Network Convergence on Telecommunications Software, IEEE Communication Magazine, Jan 2001 Helmut Bölcskei, Arogyaswami J. Paulraj, K. V. S. Hari, and Rohit U. Nabar, Willie W. Lu: ‘Fixed Broadband Wireless Access: State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Directions’, IEEE Communication, Jan 2001Werner Mohr and Walter Konhäuser: Access Network Evolution Beyond Third Generation Mobile Communications, IEEE Communication Magazine, Dec 2000Qi Bi, George I. Zysman, and Hank Menkes: Wireless Mobile Communications at the Start of the 21st Century, IEEE Communication Magazine, Jan 2001 Shingo Ohmori, Yasushi Yamao and Nobuo Nakajima: The Future Generations of Mobile Communications Based on Broadband Access Technologies, IEEE Communication Magazine, Dec 2000

Toru Otsu et al: Network Architecture for Mobile Communications Systems Beyond IMT-2000, IEEE Communications Magazine, Oct. 2001

http://www.radio.gov.uk/document/consult/5ghz/5ghz.htm

http://protocols.com/papers/voip.htm

http://www.cnp-wireless.com/PCS.html

http://www.etsi.org/brochures/stateart/olanders.htm

Http://www.dectnet.com

http://www.zdnet.com/anchordesk/story/story_4439.html

http://http.cs.berkeley.edu/~gribble/summaries/wireless/wlan_design.html

http://rpcp.mit.edu/~gingold/cable/http://www.etsi.org/technicalactiv/hiperlan1.htmhttp://webapp.etsi.org/tbhomepage/TBDetails.asp?TB_ID=287&TB_NAME=BRAN, http://www.etsi.org/technicalactiv/hiperlan2http:// www.atmforum.comhttp://www.wirelesscomm.globalsources.comhttp://global.ihs.comhttp://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/ WPANhttp://users.ece.gatech.edu/~jxie/4G/index.htmlhttp://www.telecommagazine.com/http://www.adsl.com/dsl_forum.htmlhttp://www.ezweb.ne.jp/

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