NewsNews picturespictures

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Intro Intro

News photos can be described as photos which encode News photos can be described as photos which encode a sample news story in its frame.a sample news story in its frame.

Usually news photos/ pictures find their place in print Usually news photos/ pictures find their place in print media, and also in TV. While in the west, they are media, and also in TV. While in the west, they are sometimes displayed as slide shows.sometimes displayed as slide shows.

Most of the award winning photographs have a news-Most of the award winning photographs have a news-sideline significance.sideline significance.

Because the “Visual Language” is applicable throughout Because the “Visual Language” is applicable throughout the whole world, news photos are generally considered the whole world, news photos are generally considered more significant than the news story itself.more significant than the news story itself.

History History The first photojournalist was Carol Szathmari (Rumanian The first photojournalist was Carol Szathmari (Rumanian

painter, lithographer and photographer) who did pictures painter, lithographer and photographer) who did pictures in the Crimean War from1853 to 1856.in the Crimean War from1853 to 1856.

Similarly, the American Civil War photographs of Mathew Similarly, the American Civil War photographs of Mathew Brady were engraved before publication in Brady were engraved before publication in Harper's Harper's WeeklyWeekly . .

On March 4, 1880, On March 4, 1880, The Daily GraphicThe Daily Graphic (New  (New York) published the first halftone (rather than engraved) York) published the first halftone (rather than engraved) reproduction of a news photograph. reproduction of a news photograph.

By 1897, it became possible to reproduce halftone By 1897, it became possible to reproduce halftone photographs on printing presses running at full speed.photographs on printing presses running at full speed.

  In 1921, the wirephoto made it possible to transmit In 1921, the wirephoto made it possible to transmit pictures almost as quickly as news itself could travel.pictures almost as quickly as news itself could travel.

…….The Golden age of .The Golden age of photojournalismphotojournalism

However, it was not until development of the However, it was not until development of the commercial 35mm Leica camera in 1925, and the commercial 35mm Leica camera in 1925, and the first flash bulbs between 1927 and 1930 that all the first flash bulbs between 1927 and 1930 that all the elements were in place for a "golden age" of elements were in place for a "golden age" of photojournalism.  (1930s–1950s),  photojournalism.  (1930s–1950s),  

  Robert Capa, AlfredRobert Capa, Alfred Eisenstaedt, W. EugeneEisenstaedt, W. Eugene Smith, Smith, Margaret Bourke-White. Tony Vaccaro is also Margaret Bourke-White. Tony Vaccaro is also recognized as one of the pre-eminent photographers recognized as one of the pre-eminent photographers of World War II.of World War II.

   LifeLife, one of America’s most popular weekly magazines , one of America’s most popular weekly magazines from 1936 through the early 1970s, was filled with from 1936 through the early 1970s, was filled with photographs reproduced beautifully on oversize 11×14-photographs reproduced beautifully on oversize 11×14-inch pages, using fine engraving screens, high-quality inch pages, using fine engraving screens, high-quality inks, and glossy paper. inks, and glossy paper.

Halftone is the reprographic technique that simulates continuous tone imagery through the use of dots, varying either in size, in shape or in spacing

Halftone/(ing)

The idea of halftone printing is due to William Fox Talbot. In the early 1850s, he suggested using "photographic screens or veils" in connection with a photographic intaglio process.

Characteristics Characteristics

PrecisionPrecisionObjectivityObjectivityAccuracyAccuracyTimelinessTimelinessHardnessHardnessTruthfulTruthfulVisual understandingVisual understanding

Features of a news photoFeatures of a news photo

FrameFrameDepthDepthDominantDominantProximity Proximity SubsidiariesSubsidiariesParticipationParticipation

Aspects Aspects Telephoto lensTelephoto lens Capture the emotionsCapture the emotions Relevance of the depthRelevance of the depth Auto modeAuto mode Symbolical Symbolical Artistic referenceArtistic reference Truthfulness, however harsh the photo may be.Truthfulness, however harsh the photo may be. Portray the right newsPortray the right news Following the ethicsFollowing the ethics Attracting the viewersAttracting the viewers

Types of shots Types of shots

Birds eye viewBirds eye view.. ELS ELS = Extreme Long Shot (person in = Extreme Long Shot (person in

surroundings) surroundings) LS LS = Long Shot (whole body)= Long Shot (whole body) MS MS = medium shot (waist up)= medium shot (waist up) MCU MCU = Medium close-up (mid chest up) = Medium close-up (mid chest up) CU CU = Close-up (head and shoulders)= Close-up (head and shoulders) ECU ECU = Extreme Close-up (face - or eyes!) = Extreme Close-up (face - or eyes!) OTSOTS = Over the Shoulder = Over the Shoulder

Code of EthicsCode of EthicsVisual journalists and those who manage visual news productions Visual journalists and those who manage visual news productions

are accountable for upholding the following standards in their are accountable for upholding the following standards in their daily work:daily work:

Be accurate and comprehensive in the representation of Be accurate and comprehensive in the representation of subjects. subjects.

Resist being manipulated by staged photo opportunities. Resist being manipulated by staged photo opportunities. Be complete and provide context when photographing or Be complete and provide context when photographing or

recording subjects. Avoid stereotyping individuals and groups. recording subjects. Avoid stereotyping individuals and groups. Recognize and work to avoid presenting one's own biases in Recognize and work to avoid presenting one's own biases in the work. the work.

Treat all subjects with respect and dignity. Give special Treat all subjects with respect and dignity. Give special consideration to vulnerable subjects and compassion to victims consideration to vulnerable subjects and compassion to victims of crime or tragedy. Intrude on private moments of grief only of crime or tragedy. Intrude on private moments of grief only when the public has an overriding and justifiable need to see. when the public has an overriding and justifiable need to see.

While photographing subjects do not intentionally contribute to, While photographing subjects do not intentionally contribute to, alter, or seek to alter or influence events. alter, or seek to alter or influence events.

Editing should maintain the integrity of the photographic images' Editing should maintain the integrity of the photographic images' content and context. Do not manipulate images or add or alter content and context. Do not manipulate images or add or alter sound in any way that can mislead viewers or misrepresent sound in any way that can mislead viewers or misrepresent subjects. subjects.

Do not pay sources or subjects or reward them materially for Do not pay sources or subjects or reward them materially for information or participation. information or participation.

Do not accept gifts, favors, or compensation from those who Do not accept gifts, favors, or compensation from those who might seek to influence coverage. might seek to influence coverage.

Do not intentionally sabotage the efforts of other journalists. Do not intentionally sabotage the efforts of other journalists.

- NATIONAL PRESS PHOTOGRAPHERS’ - NATIONAL PRESS PHOTOGRAPHERS’

ASSOCIATIONASSOCIATION

Born on March 30,1957, Prashant Panjiar is a self-taught photographer.

A post-graduate in Political Science from Pune University, India, he worked on photographic projects focusing on peasant movements and other social issues through his college and university days.  In 1986 he moved on to join India Today magazine. As senior photographer with India Today, many important international stories were entrusted to him. Apart from spending nearly 3 months in Iraq, Kuwait, Israel and Saudi Arabia covering the Gulf War in 1991, he also covered the situation in Afghanistan after the Russians pulled-out. 

In 1995 he joined the Outlook Group of Publications as Associate Editor, in charge of photography, and was part of the core team that launched Outlook magazine.  In October 2001, Panjiar left the Outlook Group to devote himself to full-time independent photography. Based in New Delhi he specializes in editorial and documentary photography. 

Prashant Panjiar

Since 2003 he has also been working on issues such of health, education and livelihood for international foundations such as The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the American India Foundation.  Panjiar served on the jury of the World Press Photo Awards in Amsterdam in 2002, the China International Press Photo Competition in 2005 and the Indian Express Press Photo Awards. 

Conclusion

News images can reveal great truths, expose wrongdoing and

neglect, inspire hope and understanding and connect

people around the globe through the language of visual

understanding. Photographs can also cause great

harm if they are callously intrusive or are manipulated.

References References

Daniel R. Bersak/articles Daniel R. Bersak/articles S.B. Comparative Media Studies & Electrical S.B. Comparative Media Studies & Electrical

Engineering/Computer ScienceEngineering/Computer Science http://www.panjiarphoto.com/ http://www.newsfotos_photogallery.com/ http:www.bbcnews_worldpressphotoawards.com/http:www.bbcnews_worldpressphotoawards.com/ http://www.pulitzerawards_newsphotos.com/http://www.pulitzerawards_newsphotos.com/ http://www.nppa.org/professional_development/http://www.nppa.org/professional_development/

business_practices/ethics.htmlbusiness_practices/ethics.html

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