New York State Energy Research New York State Energy Research and Development Authorityand Development Authority

National Governors AssociationNational Governors AssociationSeptember 2001September 2001

Joseph Visalli, R&D Director

NYSERDA SnapshotNYSERDA SnapshotPublic Benefit CorporationPublic Benefit Corporation

• 3 E’s 3 E’s • Market DrivenMarket Driven• Risk Reduction InvestmentsRisk Reduction Investments

Research & Development, Energy Analysis, Research & Development, Energy Analysis, Energy Efficiency Services DeploymentEnergy Efficiency Services Deployment

Steward of the New York State Systems Steward of the New York State Systems Benefit Charge ProgramBenefit Charge Program

GHG Technology VerificationGHG Technology Verification

• NYSERDA and SRI - Pending Contract for NYSERDA and SRI - Pending Contract for Collaborative Effort to Verify Performance of New Collaborative Effort to Verify Performance of New Energy and Environmental TechnologiesEnergy and Environmental Technologies• Electrical Power Output, Quality, Energy EfficiencyElectrical Power Output, Quality, Energy Efficiency• GHG and Other EmissionsGHG and Other Emissions• Other Parameters – Availability, Maintainability, Economics Other Parameters – Availability, Maintainability, Economics

• Diverse Applications - Five Initial Projects SelectedDiverse Applications - Five Initial Projects Selected

• Potential For Additional ProjectsPotential For Additional Projects

Initial 5 Projects for AnalysisInitial 5 Projects for Analysis• ONSI Fuel Cell Anaerobic Digester Gas CHPONSI Fuel Cell Anaerobic Digester Gas CHP

• Waste Water Treatment Plant, Brooklyn, NY - Two 200 kW Fuel CellsWaste Water Treatment Plant, Brooklyn, NY - Two 200 kW Fuel Cells

• Ingersoll Rand Powerworks Microturbine CHPIngersoll Rand Powerworks Microturbine CHP• Crouse Community Ctr, Morrisville, NY – 70 kW Plus Hot WaterCrouse Community Ctr, Morrisville, NY – 70 kW Plus Hot Water

• Plug Power PEM Fuel CellPlug Power PEM Fuel Cell• Private Residence, Buffalo, NY – Two 7 kW Nat Gas Fuel CellsPrivate Residence, Buffalo, NY – Two 7 kW Nat Gas Fuel Cells

• Capstone 60 kW Microturbine CHPCapstone 60 kW Microturbine CHP• Supermarket, Riverhead, NY – Dessicant Drying & Space HeatSupermarket, Riverhead, NY – Dessicant Drying & Space Heat

• Capstone 30 kW Microturbine Farm Digester DGCapstone 30 kW Microturbine Farm Digester DG• Dairy Farm, Homer, NY - Anaerobic Digestion - Distributed GenerationDairy Farm, Homer, NY - Anaerobic Digestion - Distributed Generation

Example: Manure Anaerobic DigesterExample: Manure Anaerobic Digester• Demonstrations at 14 Different Farms• Evaluating Technologies and Optimization • Transfer of Results to Other Farms• U.S. EPA AgStar Program

Anaerobic Digestion BenefitsAnaerobic Digestion BenefitsEmissions BenefitsFrom digesters serving 25% of NYS dairy cows (165,000):

Generation of 15 MW of Renewable Power - Reducing 21,000 Metric Tons of Carbon Equivalent (CE)

667 Million Cubic Feet of Reduced Methane Release Per Year - Reducing 73,000 Metric Tons of CE

Other BenefitsOn-site, Distributed Power Generation Can Increase Farm Profits

Treatment of Manure Reduces Odor, Pathogens, Opposition to Farming

Treated Manure Can Be Applied in Places & Times Better for Nutrient Uptake

Water Quality Preserved by Better Nutrient Uptake

Marketable Byproducts Can Be Prepared from Treated Manure Materials

Project Selection CriteriaProject Selection Criteria

Selection Criteria for Projects to be Analyzed:Selection Criteria for Projects to be Analyzed:• Unique, Innovative TechnologyUnique, Innovative Technology• Significant Potential for Energy and Significant Potential for Energy and

Environmental BenefitsEnvironmental Benefits• High Potential for ReplicationHigh Potential for Replication• Commercially Available HardwareCommercially Available Hardware

Several Additional Projects Show High Several Additional Projects Show High Potential – Some Examples FollowPotential – Some Examples Follow

Anaerobic Digestion – Anaerobic Digestion – Winery WastesWinery Wastes

COD of 16,300 mg/L, 50,000 gallons/day or about 6800 lb. COD/day

Avoids ~7,160 kwh/day Avoids ~450 tons/year of aerobic sludge production Produces ~34,000 cubic feet of methane per day Saved ~$300,000/year for Canandaigua Winery

Truck Stop ElectrificationTruck Stop Electrification• Reduction of Long-Haul Truck IdlingReduction of Long-Haul Truck Idling• First Demo on the NYS Thruway – 2 Rest StopsFirst Demo on the NYS Thruway – 2 Rest Stops• Envisioned Expansion to I-95 Corridor and BeyondEnvisioned Expansion to I-95 Corridor and Beyond• Multi-State/EPA Workshop Planned – June, 2002Multi-State/EPA Workshop Planned – June, 2002

Truck Stop Electrification BenefitsTruck Stop Electrification BenefitsEmissions Benefits 22 Tons of CO2 Annually Per Truck

• Reduction of 7 mil tons/yr Total for All Trucks Including Emissions from Electrical Generation

390 Pounds of CO Annually Per Truck

1,024 Pounds of NOx Annually Per Truck

Other BenefitsMarket is 458,000 Class 7 & 8 Long Haul Trucks

Fuel Savings – 838 mil gal/yr Nationwide

Reduced Wear – Idling Equals 18,000 extra mi/yr on Truck

Local Air Quality and Noise Reduction Impacts

Off-Peak Power Usage

Hybrid Electric TaxiHybrid Electric Taxi• High VMT, Urban Duty Cycle MarketHigh VMT, Urban Duty Cycle Market• GSM-Vehicle Integration; BAE-Hybrid DriveGSM-Vehicle Integration; BAE-Hybrid Drive• 100,000 Vehicle/yr Urban Taxi Market100,000 Vehicle/yr Urban Taxi Market• Additional 400,000/yr Light Delivery/ParatransitAdditional 400,000/yr Light Delivery/Paratransit

Hybrid Electric Taxi BenefitsHybrid Electric Taxi BenefitsEmissions Benefits380,000 tons/yr Reduction in NY Greenhouse Gases (CO2); Nationwide, Could Reach 4 Million tons/year

30% Reduction in HC, CO, NOx, and PM Due to Reduced Fuel Use and Reduced Engine Transients

Ozone Precursors & PM Reduced at Heart of Nonattainment Areas

Larger GHG and Other Emission Reductions vs. SUVs/Minivans Proposed for Taxi Service

Other BenefitsWheelchair Accessible - Low floor Design

40 mil gal/yr Cut in NY Gasoline Use; National Potential - 400 Mil gal/yr

Paves Way for Fuel Cells and Other Electric-Drive Technologies

Advanced Transmission (CVT)Advanced Transmission (CVT)• Folsom Corp-Continuously Variable Transmission Folsom Corp-Continuously Variable Transmission • Breakthrough for High Torque, Heavy Vehicle UseBreakthrough for High Torque, Heavy Vehicle Use• Cars, Light Trucks, SUVs, ATVsCars, Light Trucks, SUVs, ATVs

Advanced CVT BenefitsAdvanced CVT BenefitsEmissions BenefitsPotential 100 mil tons/yr Cut in U.S. Greenhouse Gases (CO2)

>10% cuts in HC, CO, NOX, and PM Due to Reduced Fuel Use, Better Engine Management

Other Benefits10% Reduction in Fuel Consumption; 20% if Coupled to Hydraulic Regenerative Braking

Potential >10 bil gal/yr Cut in U.S. Petroleum Consumption

Potential Lower Manufacturing Cost and Higher Durability

Lighter Weight, Fewer Moving Parts

Electric Postal VanElectric Postal Van• Baker Electromotive/Ford Motor Co.Baker Electromotive/Ford Motor Co.• Excellent Example of Specialty-Use Fleet Excellent Example of Specialty-Use Fleet

Vehicle/Driving Cycle Technology MatchVehicle/Driving Cycle Technology Match• Short/Defined-Range Daily UseShort/Defined-Range Daily Use

Electric Postal Van BenefitsElectric Postal Van BenefitsEmissions Benefits6,000 Vehicles Ordered Will Reduce: CO2 by 20,400 tons/year (Including Power Plant), HC by 11,000 lb/yr, CO by 143,000 lb/yr, NOX by 1,000 lb/yr

Ozone Precursors and PM Reduced in Nonattainment Areas

Additional Benefits with Greater Adoption: 100,000 Postal Vans, Other Fleets

Other BenefitsOff-Peak, Base-Load Generation Power Usage

6,000 Vehicles Will cut Gasoline Use by 4 mil gal/yr

Local Air Quality Benefits

Paves Way for Fuel Cells, Advanced Batteries, Other Electric-Drives

ETV ExpansionETV Expansion

NYSERDA is Considering a Broader NYSERDA is Considering a Broader Partnership with the EPA ETV Program to Partnership with the EPA ETV Program to Support a Variety of Product Development Support a Variety of Product Development and Testing Effortsand Testing Efforts• A Survey of our Contractors Shows There is Significant A Survey of our Contractors Shows There is Significant

Interest in ETVInterest in ETV• NYSERDA is Considering Cost-Sharing to Help NYS NYSERDA is Considering Cost-Sharing to Help NYS

Product Developers Go Through ETV Process. We May Product Developers Go Through ETV Process. We May Include This in Our SolicitationsInclude This in Our Solicitations