new the smart city, governance, data and digital tools, … · 2019. 11. 13. · the smart city,...

THE SMART CITY, GOVERNANCE, DATA AND DIGITAL TOOLS, EUROPEAN CASES AND RISKS

Dr. Iris Belle"ETH Risk Center Seminar Series Fall 2019“ | 28.10.2019

RISKSRhine River with low water level at Düsseldorf, 2018.Source: Stuttgarter Zeitung

RISKSGermany produces over 400 millionen tons of trash per year. The number of landfill sites decreases.Source: Handelsblatt 2018.

Material Flows: Cradle2Cradle2

Climate Change Mitigation and Adaption in Cities: SMARTilience

3

Outlook4

Long-term planning and smart cities1

"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.“

Source: Brundtland Report “Our Common Future”, publication released in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED).

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

SMART CITIES“The Smart City concept promises to solve the most urgent queries of progressive urbanization in the area of mobility, energy, water supply, security, housing deprivation, and inclusion.”

Source: Oliver Gassmann, Jonas Böhm, Maximilian Palmié “Smart Cities” 2019.

“No acknowledged smart city definition exists till now and several cities defining themselves smart completely lack of a strategic vision about their smart future.”

Source: Renata Paola Dameri, Camille Rosenthal-Sabroux “Smart City and Value Creation“ 2014.

SMART COMMUNICATION AND CLEAR RESPONSIBILITIES

Arbeitsplatz

Reinigung &

Pflege

Verpflegung Safety & Security

Logistics Areal & Umgebung

ProjekteBetrieb &

Instandhaltung

Integration & digitale

Vernetzung

Simple structures forcommuncation withusers

Assign responsibilitesto operators

Develop processes ofcooperation

Personalkosten

Sachkosten

Energiekosten

Basis for the developmentand classification ofindicators

Strategische Aufgabe

Definition Produktestrategie und Prüfung der Umsetzung X X X X X X X X

Definition Vorgaben an das Produkt X X X X X X X X X X

Definition ökonomischer Erfolg des Produktes X X X X X X X X

Intepretation KPIs und Benchmarks X X X X X X X X X X

Weiterentwicklung des Produktes vorantreiben & tracken X X X X X X X X

Innovation und Optimierungen verfolgen X X X X X X X X

Führung der Steuerungsebene X X X X X X X X X X

Intepretation des Reportings X X X X X X X X X X

Transparente Aufbereitung und verständliche Kommunikation der

MietkostenX

Internes und externes Benchmarking X

Sicherstellen der Qualitätssicherung X

Definition BIM / Digitalisierungsstrategie und Prüfung Umsetzung X

Langfristige Planung (> 5 Jahre) Budgetplanung für Projekte bis

Auswirkungen auf NutzerX

Mittel- und Kurzfirsitge Planung (3-5 Jahre) Budgetplanung für

Kostenstellen/Projekte bis Auswirkunegn auf Nutzer X

Szenarioanalysen (Bsp. Kostenauswirkung pRED Center auf pRED,

Umstellung von Verrechnungsprinzipien)X

Sicherstellen Einhaltung der Financial Group Accounting Reporting

GuidelinesX

Sicherstellung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, Anpassung an neue

Gegebenheiten (Bsp. IFRS16, Umstellung Speedikon auf Planon oder

Umstellung auf Simply Buy)

X

Definition Konzept PSSF X

Definition Cateringkonzept X

Areallogistikkonzept auf Objekt (Bau 2) X

Interne Kommunikation und Prüfung von relevanten behördlichen

Vorgaben X

Definition Arealstrategie und deren Produkte (z.B.

Areallogistikkonzept, Portenkonzept, Parkplätze (LKW/PKW/Velo),

Grünraumkonzept, etc.)

X

Weiterentwicklung und Optimierung des Produktes vorantreiben X

Definition Gebäudeund Arealinformation (Signaletik analog & digital,

...)X

Stakeholdermanagement X X

Prüfen der strategischen notwendigkeit von Projekten X

Projektinitierung X

Strategische Ausrichtung Services anhand Objektstrategie umsetzen X

Weiterentwicklung Services gemäss Standort- / Objektstrategi X

URS Definieren X

Konzept Raucherpavillion PSR/PSU vorantreiben X

Weiterentwicklung des Mobilitätskonzept X

Festlegung des Still und Ruheräume-Konzept X

Systemlandschaft definieren/bereinigen X

Bedarfsplanung PSR (Sportlergarderorben) X

Definition und Weiterentwicklung des Arbeitsplatzkonzepts (z.B.

Bürohandbuch)X

Flächen und Raumkonzept entwickeln X

Strategiches Flächenmanagement X

Zusammensetzung Produkte

Produktmanager: Muster Max

Projekte Reinigung & Pflege

Betrieb &

Instandhaltung &

Instandsetzung

HospitalityBereitstellung

Arbeitsplatz

Integration

& digitale

Vernetzung

Safety & Security Verpflegung LogisticsAreal- und

Umgebung

Arbeitsgruppe 1Arbeitsgruppe 3Arbeitsgruppe 1Arbeitsgruppe 1Arbeitsgruppe 1Arbeitsgruppe 1Arbeitsgruppe 2Arbeitsgruppe 2Arbeitsgruppe 1Arbeitsgruppe 3

Assigning responsibilitiesin integral data systems

Fundamentals for theoperation concept ofbuildings and neighborhoods

Services

DATA AND DIGITAL TOOLS

Digital communication via networked devices

Optical, Sound, MovementGeolocation,Air Quality,Temperature

Level 1

Level 2

Data processing Comparison of results with predefined parameters and interpretation

Level 3

IT-based automated reaction to results of data analysis

Level 5

Analysis, diagnose and prediction of states. Taking early corrective measures to achieve or maintain a desired state.

Date collection and transfer

Data analysis and evaluation

Reaction and purposeful steering

Synergies between systems

Leve

l of

Sma

rtn

ess

Level 4

Added value for other sectors from overlapping datasets

Prediction and planning

DEGREES OF „SMART“

WATER

Potable water, rainwater, grey water

and black water

ENERGY SUPPLY

Heating, Cooling, Electricity

MOBILITY

Street section design, Parking lots, charging

stations, motorways and pedestrian zones

ABFALL UND

Technologien

CLIMATE /COMFORT

in outdoor areaswith micro-climate

DOMAINS

WASTE

Areas, Technologies

CollectionSystems

CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Created withconstruction materialsin accordance with the

cradle to cradleprinciple

LOGISTICS

Areas, Technologies

DIGITALIZATION AND SMARTNESS

ICT, Processes, Business Models

In multiple sectors At different speeds Merging industry fields

Divergent industry sectors

Convergent industry sectors

Synchronize innovation cycles

buildings

infrastructure

vehicles

IT and ICT

PLANNING TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE

Decentralized energy sysems

Ubiquitous networking

Urban production and systems of logistics

e-mobilitycar pooling / car sharing

Plus-energy buildings and neighborhoods

“The term […] urban governance […] means thecollective and institutionally anchored regulation ofurban development processes, from the micro-level of aproject area to the whole urban and city-region levels,by different players such as decision makers who areinvolved in informal and formal, flexible and enduringnetworks with horizontal as well as hierarchicalstructures and specific power balances”

Source: Uta Hohn and Birgit Neuer “New urban governance: Institutional change and consequences for urban development” European Planning Studies, 2006, vol. 14, issue 3, p. 293.

GOVERNANCE

Inner Circle:

Domains of smart city performance

Middle Circle:

Transformation process

Outer Circle:

Basic elements

Smart-City-Management-Modell

Communi-cation

Financing Data Governance

Technologie

Business Model

Partner & Citizen Participation

02

01

03

05

SmartCity

Environ-ment

Living

Govern-ment

People

Mobility

Economy

Source: Oliver Gassmann, Jonas Böhm, Maximilian Palmié “Smart Cities” 2019.

“Adults keep saying we owe it to the young people, to give them hope. But I don't want your hope. I don't want you to be hopeful. I want you to panic. I want you to feel the fear I feel every day. I want you to act. I want you to act as you would in a crisis. I want you to act as if the house is on fire, because it is.“

Source: Climate activist Greta Thunberg delivers a speech at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, January 25, 2019.


Climate Change Mitigation and Adaption in Cities: SMARTilience3

Outlook4


RISKSGermany produces over 400 millionen tons of trash per year. The number of landfill sites decreases.Source: Handelsblatt 2018.

makes

Technological WasteProduct

Production

Use

End-of-life service

Disassembly

Product

Production

Use

Landfill

Bio nutrient

Plant

Biological Waste

Technical „Nutrient“

WHERE DOES WASTE COME FROM?

Landfill

makes

Technological Cirlcefor consumer goods Product

Production

Use

End-of-life service

Disassembly

Product

Production

Use

Bio degradation

Bio nutrient

Plant

Biological Cirlcefor consumer goods

Technical „Nutrient“

Cradle to Cradle® Prinziple

Cradle to Cradle® Outline of a System

COMPETENCES FOR ESTABLISHING A CIRCULAR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Building Components -> Building

Element characteristicsAssembly techniquesdeconstructabilityconcept for recycling

Products:

Example: Insulation

Component:

Mineral Fibres, etc

Substances:

Basic chemicals

chemical elements

Mixtures

Bauelement Gebäude

Kn

ow

led

ge o

fP

lan

nin

g

and

Co

nst

ruct

ion

• Construction ecology

• Building Physics

• Circular Engineering

• …

• Substance knowledge

• C2C-Certification

• …

Envi

ron

me

nta

l an

d

Ch

em

ical

Sci

en

ces

SERVICES FOR HEALTHY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY READY PRODUCTS

Product

Components: Material/Mix

BOM1: idividual materials and quantities

Substace (CAS-Nr 2):

Basic chemicals, Mixtures

1…Bill of Materials

2…CAS=Chemistry Abstracts Service (each substance

Is registered worldwide with a normed identification Nr.)

Cient: Producer

Vendor: EPEAEPEA

database

Link to other databases

REACH

Largest C2C-database

Worldwide for materials

and substances

CONSTRUCTION PLASTICS WRAPPINGTEXTILE… …

Innovation cycles and material flows through buildings

Sou

rce:

htt

p:/

/ww

w.t

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/ser

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buildings

infrastructure

vehicles

IT and ICT

Cradle to Cradle® Prinziple & Longterm Planning

MATERIAL

▪ Examination for toxics during choice of materials▪ Material declarations and decomposition verification▪ BIM-Integration▪ Material passport management▪ Take-back and leasingmodels▪ Roadmaps for long-term strategies

▪ Buildings as material sinks▪ Flexible use and adaptability▪ Risk planning for real estate▪ Healthy and inspring work environment

Cradle to Cradle® Prinziple

Added value

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26

TOWNHALL VENLO

VENLO, NETHERLANDS

» Client: City of Venlo

» Architect: Kraaijvanger Architecten

» Added Value:

• Improved air quality

• Ensured material circlularity

• Renewable Energies

• Improved water quality

» Planning and Construction: 2012-2016

© Kraaijvanger Architecten

Awards

• Architizer A+ Awards 2017 - winner category overheidsgebouwen,

• Plan Award 2017, winner category Office & Business

• WAN Sustainable Buildings Awards 2017 - nominated Shortlist,

• 2017 Shaw Contract Design Awards,

• 10th Annual International Color Awards 2017, Honourable Mention,

• Green Building Solutions Award 2016 - finalist,

• Cradle to Cradle Products Innovation Institute Award 2016,

• Green Building Solutions Award 2016 - Honourable Mention,

• Wood in architecture 2016 - nominated longlist



© K

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Arc

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Material Passport for products

Construction Material BIM and construction Material GIS

Unit Building RegionNeighborhood District City



Outlook4


SMART

Under theframework: „Realizing Guiding Initiatives for the Future City“

Project Partners:

Funding Agency: German Federal Ministry of Education and ResearchBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung BMBF

Duration: February 2019 to February 2022

ilienceClimate adaption of urban Infrastrucure

SMART

Goal: Support municipal decision makers and key actors in foresighted and efficient actiontowards climate change.

Domains:

Mobility (road, rail, foot, bicycle)

Energy (heating, cooling, electricity )

Water (rainwatermanagement, flooding prevention, waste water systems, potable)

Waste, Circular Economy

Greenery and water bodies

Socio-spatial (squares and places for public encounters)

Digitally facilitated climate adaption (GIS and CityBIM-Methods)

ilienceClimate adaption of urban Infrastrucures

38 PARTICIPANTS MET IN MANNHEIM IN JUNE 2019

Backgrounds

University research (urban sciences, landscaping, architecture, meteorolgy, medicineCity administration (planning department, climate change department, public participation) Consulting and planning firmsTechnology company

4th quartile 3rd quartile 2nd quartile 1st quartile

+ +– –

Green : Assessment after Syntegration Red: Assessment before Syntegration

How clear is your understanding about climate change in cities?

To what degree do you think do the understading about climate change in cities of the persons in this workhshop match?

Imagine measures in cities for climate mitigation planned till 2025. How clear is your understading?

To what degree do you think do the understanding about climate mitigation in cities of the persons in this workshop match?

1

2

3

4

314 IDEAS AND OPINIONS

Synergetische Ansätze

Schaffen synergetischer Ansätze zur Steuerung von Klimaschutz-/ Klima-

folgenanpassungsmassnahmen in Infrastruktur, Wohnen und Arbeit.Mitglieder: Csizmadia ● Herrmann ● Kretschmann ● Quek ● Storch ● van Helvoirt ● von

der Forst

Kritiker: Jacobi ● Malik ● Müller ● Nooijen ● Orphal ● Wagener-Lohse

Rot

Strategie & Management

Erarbeitung konkreter Lösungsansätze für die Integration von

Klimastrategien in unterschiedliche städtische GesamtstrategienMitglieder: Andreas ● Bob ● Huttunen ● Jäger ● Kaiser ● Richtmann ● Schönfelder

Kritiker: Dillmann ● Emeis ● Gross ● Saupe ● Schröder ● Weskamp

Weiß

Steuerungsebenen & Instrumente

Zusammenspiel von Müssen und Wollen der verschiedenen Akteurs-

gruppen zur Definition/Schaffen von Sinn, Umdenken und TransparenzMitglieder: Andreas ● Bob ● Dill ● Izdebska ● Jacobi ● Nooijen

Kritiker: Gregori ● Hawxwell ● Herrmann ● Kretschmann ● Malik ● Wagener-Lohse

Schwarz

Plattform & Monitoring

Aufbau einer integrierten (Meta-)Datenbank zur Steuerung,

Nachverfolgung von KS und KFA Effekten und LernpotenzialenMitglieder: Belle ● Heidinger ● Jacobi ● Mok ● Müller ● Orphal

Kritiker: Csizmadia ● Hartmann ● Heilmann ● Quek ● Storch ● von der Frost ● Weisser

Silber

Umbau zur Ökonormalität

Stellhebel für Förderung von ökonormalem Nutzerverhalten unter

ganzheitlicher Betrachtung: Stadtentwicklung, Energie und MobilitätMitglieder: Gregori ● Hartmann ● Malik ● Richtmann ● Wagener-Lohse ● Weisser

Kritiker: Belle ● Csizmadia ● Herrmann ● Jacobi ● Kretschmann ● Mok ● Storch

Braun

Planungs- und Genehmigungsstrukturen

Ansatzpunkte und Hebel finden, um systemisches Denken,

Bereitschaft zum KS und KFA "routinemässig" zu entwickeln.Mitglieder: Dillmann ● Emeis ● Hartmann ● Quek ● von der Forst ● Weisser

Kritiker: Gross ● Heidinger ● Heilmann ● Huttunen ● Jäger ● Weskamp

H.Blau

Quartier FIRST - Dezentral

Quartier als kleinste Einheit nutzen um die Umsetzung von KS-Zielen,

Etablierung von KS und KFA zu schaffen/zu beschleunigenMitglieder: Csizmadia ● Gross ● Heilmann ● Saupe ● Schröder ● Storch ● Weskamp

Kritiker: Belle ● Dillmann ● Hartmann ● Mok ● Richtmann ● Weisser

Gelb

Stadtvisionen entwickeln

Entwicklung einer stadtspezifischen Vision zur grünen Zukunft und

Verknüpfung dieser mit Strategie zur Erreichung und mit Zielen (SDGs)Mitglieder: Belle ● Dillmann ● Hawxwell ● Herrmann ● Kretschmann ● Mok

Kritiker: Andreas ● Bob ● Gregori ● Richtmann ● Saupe ● Schröder

Gold

Unternehmensnetzwerke

Auf-/Ausbau Stadtnetzwerk zu Unternehmen mit Green Public Procure-

ment, grüne kommunale Vorzeigeunternehmen positionierenMitglieder: Dill ● Gross ● Heidinger ● Izdebska ● van Helvoirt ● Weskamp

Kritiker: Dotterweich ● Emeis ● Huttunen ● Jäger ● Kaiser ● Schönfelder ● Schwegler

Orange

Partizipation & Zielkonflikte

Informationsweitergabe und Wissen, Mitmachangebote, Kampagnen und

Co-Creation zur Partizipation und Auflösung von ZielkonfliktenMitglieder: Hawxwell ● Kaiser ● Malik ● Müller ● Orphal ● Schönfelder ● Wagener-Lohse

Kritiker: Dill ● Dotterweich ● Izdebska ● Nooijen ● Schwegler ● van Helvoirt

Grün

Bewusstseinsbildung

Verstärkung des Bewusstseins und des Handlungsdrucks für KS und KFA,

für Wirtschaft, Verwaltung, Bildung und KS-AkteureMitglieder: Dotterweich ● Emeis ● Gregori ● Saupe ● Schröder ● Schwegler

Kritiker: Andreas ● Bob ● Dill ● Hawxwell ● Izdebska ● Kaiser ● Schönfelder

Violett

Finanzierung & Wirtschaftlichkeit

Generierung (zusätzlicher) Einnahmen und Einsparungen und Nutzung

bestehender Budgets im Sinne einer LebenszyklusbetrachtungMitglieder: Dotterweich ● Heilmann ● Huttunen ● Jäger ● Nooijen ● Schwegler

Kritiker: Heidinger ● Müller ● Orphal ● Quek ● van Helvoirt ● von der Forst

D.Blau

12 STRATEGIES DISCUSSED AND DEVELOPED OVER 3.5 DAYS

System-kybernetischeMalik ManagementSysteme®

für das Meistern von Komplexität

OUTCOMES: INSIGHTS TO SOLVE STEERING ISSUES

How shall climate protection and climate mitigation be steered in cities?

• Feedback and self coordination• Bottom-up: Participation for social innovation,

particularly in neighborhoods• Top-down: Municipal administration needs to

become a) more flexible (e.g. task force advisory board) and b) have support from long-term computational models to measure task delivery.

Which level should be responsible for steering what topic?

• Top-down as the ordering principle• Or: responsibility for steering resides with the level

that has access to the relevant information• Rationale: slow bottom-up processes shall be

accelerated

In which ways does public administration need to operate differently?

• Link public service and destroy „silos“• Digitalize standard processes to free up capacity for

experimentation to be able to solve tricky problems• Lead by example and set role-model precedents

+ +– –Green : Assessment before Syntegration Red: Assessment after Syntegration

How clear is your understanding about climate change in cities?

To what degree do you think do the understadingabout climate change in cities of the persons in this workhshop match?

Imagine measures in cities for climate mitigation planned till 2025. How clear is your understading?

To what degree do you think do the understanding about climate mitigation in cities of the persons in this workshop match?

1

2

3

4

4th quartile 3rd quartile 2nd quartile 1st quartile




Outlook4

The possibility of the IoT to mine data, store data, analyse it and feed evaluations back to citizens is much more than a computational task.

Behind each Smart City application is a human need and desire. Particularly for long-term concerns it is difficult to instill the urgency of that need.

Risks are twofold: urgencies are communicated successfully that are not of vital concern (distractions) and others are left unaddressed because they are too complexity.

The IoT if used correctly IoT in the built environment is capable to come to terms with complexity and hence reduce long-term risks.

THE SMART CITY, GOVERNANCE, DATA AND DIGITAL TOOLS, EUROPEAN CASES AND RISKS

THANK YOU.

Dr. Iris Belle"ETH Risk Center Seminar Series Fall 2019“ | 28.10.2019

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new the smart city, governance, data and digital tools, … · 2019. 11. 13. · the smart city,...

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