new tabeenda science & english academy
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New Tabeenda Science & English Academy. World Class Education at your Door Step Let’s go & Join us Bhamba Kalan Near Matta Road http://ntsa.yolasite.com. Frog Dissection. Scientists believe other vertebrates evolved from BONY LOBE-FINNED fish. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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New Tabeenda Science & English Academy
• World Class Education at your Door Step
• Let’s go & Join us
• Bhamba Kalan Near Matta Road
• http://ntsa.yolasite.com
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Frog Dissection
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Scientists believe other vertebrates evolved from BONY LOBE-FINNED fish
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Scientific American; Dec 2005; Vol 293; p100-107
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AMPHIBIAN CHARACTERISTICS
Moist, thin skin without scales
Aquatic larva changes to terrestrial adult
Feet without claws
Respiration with gills, lungs, skin, mouth
Closed 2 loop circulation
Ectothermic (cold blooded)
Eggs without shells or multicellular membranes
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http://users.erols.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/V/Vertebrates.htmlhttp://www.spekulantenguide.de/gifs/salamanderw.jpg
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FROG LATIN meaning
KINGDOM _____________
PHYLUM ____________________________
SUBPHYLUM ___________________________
CLASS _______________________________
ORDER _____________________________
ANIMALIA
CHORDATA
VERTEBRATA “backbone”
AMPHIBIA “double life”
ANURA “without a tail”
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Thin, moist skin – no scales
Mucous glands make it “slimy”
Camouflage- for protection
Some have poison glands
http://www-binf.bio.uu.nl/dutilh/hall/kikkers.html
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BREATHING THROUGH SKIN is called CUTANEOUS RESPIRATION
http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/science/snc2g1/frogresp.htm
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ECTOTHERMIC“cold blooded”
Body temperature is dependent on surrounding environment
http://www.vanscyoc.net/randy/garden/wildlife/image4.htm
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HIBERNATION/ ESTIVATION
Images from: http://www.enc.org/Classroom_Calendar/CC_Units/Unit_Images/185.jpg http://www.reptilis.org/pyxi/image5.htm
FAT stored in FAT BODIES provides energy
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Nictitating membrane
image from: http://www.spc.cc.tx.us/biology/jmckinney/Studyimages/frog/frogdissectlist.html
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NO CLAWS
image from: http://www.spc.cc.tx.us/biology/jmckinney/Studyimages/frog/frogdissectlist.html
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EXIT OPENINGS DIGESTIVE WASTE (feces) = _________________
Shared EXCRETORY & REPRODUCTIVE EXIT =
_____________________________(Urine & eggs or Urine & sperm)
ANUS
UROGENITAL PORE
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EXIT OPENINGS
OPENING SHARED BY
EXCRETORY,
REPRODUCTIVE,
& DIGESTIVE =
______________VENT
http://www.student.loretto.org/zoology/Amphibians.htm
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What sex is it?
Images from: http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/frog_dissection.htm
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AMPLEXUS“firm embrace”
Sperm and egg released @ same time and place
Increases chances of fertilization
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TONGUE attached at front not back like yours!
Imagse from: http://www.animationlibrary.comhttp://www.geocities.com/animalbio/biology.htm
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image from: http://www.spc.cc.tx.us/biology/jmckinney/Studyimages/frog/frogdissectlist.html
MuscularBack of throatPulls food into digestive system
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image from: http://www.spc.cc.tx.us/biology/jmckinney/Studyimages/frog/frogdissectlist.html
Connect earsto back of throat
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image from: http://www.spc.cc.tx.us/biology/jmckinney/Studyimages/frog/frogdissectlist.html
GLOTTISOpening torespiratory
GULLETOpening to digestive
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Images from: http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/frog_dissection.htm
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Image from; http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20 Laboratory/frog%20dissection/frog%20dissection_files/frame.htm
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Females may have black & white eggs
Image from; http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20 Laboratory/frog%20dissection/frog%20dissection_files/frame.htm
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Pericardial membrane around heartMesentery holds intestines together
image from: http://www.spc.cc.tx.us/biology/jmckinney/Studyimages/frog/frogdissectlist.html
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Mesentery holds intestines together
image from: http://www.manheimcentral.org/~tw005690/Frog/frog.htm
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FAT BODIES
Store fat for energy during
Hibernation
Estivation
Breeding
Image from: http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
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Image from: http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
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Image from: http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
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PYLORIC SPHINCTER CONTROLS passage of food from stomach into duodenum (intestine)
http://www.health.auckland.ac.nz/departments/neurophysiology/public/teaching/alimentary_lectures/datashow/1-overview/gfx/pylorus.jpg
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Gall Bladder
Image from: http://school.discovery.com/quizzes6/muskopf/frog.html
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STOMACH:
LIVER:
GALL BLADDER
Make acid and digestive enzymesStart digestion (grind up food)
Make bileStore glycogenStore vitaminsProcess toxins (including nitrogen waste) for kidneys
Store bile
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PANCREAS
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Pancreas (enlarged)
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PANCREAS:Makes TRYPSIN, INSULIN, GLUCAGON
TRYPSIN- breaks down proteins
INSULIN- tells cells to store glucose from
bloodstream as glycogen
GLUCAGON- tells cells to release stored
glucose to blood stream
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SPLEEN
Produces and stores new RBC’s and processes old worn out ones
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SMALL INTESTINE
DUODENUM
Receives trypsin and bile; finishes digestion
ILEUM
Absorbs nutrients
VILLI
Increase surface area
http://biog-101-104.bio.cornell.edu/Biog101_104/tutorials/frog.html
http://neuromedia.neurobio.ucla.edu/campbell/epithelium/wp_images/107%20villi.jpg
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LARGE INTESTINE
Removes water from digestive waste;
concentrates feces
http://www.flushing.k12.mi.us/srhigh/tippettl/biology/frog/largeintestine.html
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10 Body Systems :___________________ Get rid of nitrogen waste made by cells
Nitrogen waste has different chemical forms:
___________ __________ _____________MOST TOXIC made from LEAST TOXIC
ammonia by needs the least liver water to dilute
FISH HUMANS BIRDS, REPTILES AMPHIBIANS
EXCRETORY
AMMONIA UREA URIC ACID
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ALL WASTE is NOT THE SAME!DIGESTIVE waste-
left over from undigested foodtravels through digestive system
leaves through digestive system as feces
EXCRETORY waste- (Also called NITROGEN WASTE)made by cells from break down of proteins
travels through blood stream leaves through excretory system as ammonia, urea, or uric acid
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Diagram by: Riedell
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Image from: http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
KIDNEYS- Remove nitrogen waste from blood and dilute it with water to make urine; osmoregulation
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URINARY BLADDER
http://www.manheimcentral.org/~tw005690/Frog/frog.htm
STORES URINE MADE BY KIDNEYS
LARVAE (Tadpoles)Excrete AMMONIA like fish
Adult frogs excrete UREA to conserve water
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CLOACADIGESTIVE
EXCRETORY
REPRODUCTIVE
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LUNGS:
GASEXCHANGE
http://www.flushing.k12.mi.us/srhigh/tippettl/biology/frog/index.html
http://www.stclement.pvt.k12.il.us/studentWeb/science98/GarrittPatM/alveoli.gif
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BREATHING WITH LUNGS is called PULMONARY RESPIRATION
http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/science/snc2g1/frogresp.htm
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Larvae breathe with GILLS
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OVARIES Make eggs
Image from: http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
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Image from: http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
Carry eggs to cloacaAdd jelly coating
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TESTES MAKE SPERM
http://step.sdsc.edu/projects95/Frog.Dissection/index.html
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TESTES KIDNEY
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INDIRECT DEVELOPMENT
Grow legs; Lose tail
2 chambers 3 chambers
1 loop 2 loops
Breathe w/ gills lungs & skin
Excrete ammonia excrete urea
(gills & kidneys) (kidneys)
http://saczoo.com/3_kids/images
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Ways tadpoles are like fish
Have a LATERAL LINEBreathe with gillsExcrete nitrogen waste as AMMONIA
(with gills & kidneys)Have a 2 chamber heartHave a 1 loop circulatory system
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HEART
3 chambered heart
Right atrium
Left atrium
Ventricle
Image from: http://www.digitalfrog.com/resources/froggallery.html
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Images from: http://www2.volstate.edu/msd/BIO/1020/Lab7ChordateII.htm
ADULT FROG: 3 chamber heart 2 loop system
TADPOLES & FISH: 2 chambered heart 1 loop system
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MOST vertebrates have nuclei in their RBC’s
RBCs’ image from: http://www.fish-news.com/RG4001.jpg
Human RBC image from: http://www.nigms.nih.gov/moleculestomeds/images/bloodcells.gif
MAMMALS DON’T
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Sinus venosus
Atrium
Ventricle Conus arteriosus
BODYorgans
GILLS
FISH CIRCULATION
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Sinus venosus
RIGHTAtrium
Ventricle Conus arteriosus
Lungs
Bodyorgans
LEFTAtrium
FROG CIRCULATION
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Sinus venosus
RIGHTAtrium
Ventricle Conus arteriosus
Lungs
Bodyorgans
LEFTAtrium
FROG CIRCULATION
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BRAIN
http://www.manheimcentral.org/~tw005690/Frog/frog.htm