new enhancing ecosystem services on agricultural lands · 2015. 1. 6. · designer landscapes:...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Designer Landscapes:
ACES: Linking Science,Practice, and Decision Making
Washington, DCDecember 9, 2014
Enhancing Ecosystem Serviceson Agricultural Lands
![Page 2: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ENVIRONMENTAL
SOCIAL
ECONOMIC
Air quality
Clean water
Soil productivityBiodiversity
Efficient use of
resources
Climate-smart
Sustainable
farm income
Affordable
food
Economic
stability
Feed, fiber,
energy
Working
conditions
Livable
communities
Ethical treatment
of animals
Sufficient nutritious
food
Cultural
identity
![Page 3: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Landscape Simplification
Farris et al. 1977
Winnebago County, IA
![Page 5: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2009 aerial image and tree cover classification output
2012 aerial image – yellow circles show where tree cover has been removed
Tree Cover Loss
![Page 6: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Marginal Lands
![Page 7: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Playing with Loaded DiceIt is now possible to roll a 13 (i.e. the maximum possible temperature is higher than before) and would be more likely (because the dice are loaded) than rolling a 12 with two normal dice.
![Page 9: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Design Multifunctional & Resilient Ag Landscapes
![Page 10: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
(Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2003)
Ecosystem Service Framework
![Page 11: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Landscape Planning & Design
Dosskey, M., Wells, G., Bentrup, G., & Wallace, D. (2012). Enhancing ecosystem services: designing for multifunctionality. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 67(2), 37A-41A.
![Page 12: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Landscape Planning & Design
1. Design for optimization
2. Target locations
3. Minimize negative effects
4. Tailor the design
![Page 13: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1. Design for Optimization
Adapted from Foley et al. 2005
![Page 14: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Many options in the toolbox
Not area efficient or cost effective to implement BMPs for a single ecosystem service.
![Page 15: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Comparison of options
![Page 16: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
2. Target locations
Problems areas
Opportunity areas
Multifunctional areas
![Page 17: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Bentrup, G., Dosskey, M., Wells, G., & Schoeneberger, M. (2012). Connecting landscape fragments through riparian zones. In Forest Landscape Restoration(pp. 93-109). Springer Netherlands.
2. Target locations
![Page 18: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
3. Minimize negative impacts
Cotton boll weevil overwintering habitat
Increase transport of water borne contaminants
![Page 19: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
4. Tailor the design
Landowner considerations
Site capabilities
![Page 20: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Dosskey, M. G. (2001). Toward quantifying water pollution abatement in response to installing buffers on crop land. Environmental Management, 28(5), 577-598.
Component Pollution Reduction (%)
Sediment 40 to 100
Total P 27 to 93
Dissolved P (-47) to 90
Total N (-6) to 91
Nitrate N 7 to 1oo
E. coli 43 to 91
Atrazine 11 to 100
Pollutant reduction in runoff passing through vegetated buffers
![Page 21: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Site Capabilities
Uniform flow
Non-uniform flow
![Page 22: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Landowner Considerations
Positive economics
Atwell et al. 2009Baumgart-Getz et al. 2012Shandas 2007
Work load and timing
Tolerable complexity
Reduced risk to weather extremes
Practices that look “tidy”
Other considerations….
![Page 23: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
BMP Design Criteria
Location
Dimensions
Vegetation
Management
![Page 24: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Reduce wind erosion
Provide pollination services Provide biological pest control
Increase crop yield
![Page 25: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ecosystem Services
Design Criteria Σ
Increase crop yield
Reduce wind erosion
Provide pollination
services
Providebiological
pest control
Location
Dimensions
Vegetation
Management
+ + + = ?
![Page 26: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Reduce wind erosionIncrease crop yield
Provide pollination services Provide biological pest control
![Page 27: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Planning/Design Tool Portfolio
www.nac.unl.edu/
![Page 28: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Water qualityBiodiversityProductive soilsEconomic opportunitiesProtection & safetyAesthetics & visual qualityOutdoor recreation
Design Guidelines for Buffers, Corridors and Greenways
Conservation Buffers
![Page 29: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Based on over 1,400
research publications
Over 80 illustrated design
guidelines
![Page 30: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Spanish
MongolianChinese
Korean French
Hebrew
Foreign Language Versions
![Page 32: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
AgBufferBuilder
Field size 146 acBuffer size 10 acVariable width 72 %Constant width 35 %
![Page 34: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
VisualSimulations
![Page 35: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: New Enhancing Ecosystem Services on Agricultural Lands · 2015. 1. 6. · Designer Landscapes: ACES: Linking Science, Practice, and Decision Making Washington, DC December 9, 2014](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022070112/605588102aa6ea73e45305ed/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)