neurophysiology mcqs

Neurophysiology

MCQs & some questions

These are examples of MCQs and short essays

questions that covers the physiology of the nervous

system and also special senses organs ( eye & ear )

Correct answer is provided beneath each question

Total number of questions = 105

1. With regarding the functional levels of CNS :

a. Spinal cord level do not contain reflex control centers

b. Cortical level is responsible for subconscious activities

c. Cortical level in association with lower CNS center is

responsible for thought processing

d. Subcortical level is storage of memory

e. Subcortical level is responsible for determinative precise

operations

Correct answer : c

2. Basic function unit in the nervous system

a. Neurons

b. Reflex arch

c. Receptors

d. Nuclei

e. White mater

Correct answer : b

3. All the following are characterestics of synapses except

a. Transmit signal in one direction

b. Can send multiple outputs from one single input impulse

c. Can send repetitive impulse from on single input impulse

d. Blocking for weak signals

e. Can not integrate the impulse

Correct answer : e

4. With related to nerve fibers ?

a. Myelinated fibers have diameter more than unmyelinated

fibers

b. Myelinated fibers conduit signals more rapid than

unmyelinated fibers

c. Cold and warmth usually conducted by unmyelinated fibers

d. Pricking ( fast ) pain usually conducted by type A nerve fibers

while aching pain ( slow pain ) conducted by type C nerve fibers

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

5. When presynaptic terminals fires repitively we called this -----------

but when these fires stimulated at same time and stimulate the

postsynaptic membrane at the same time we called this -------------

Correct answer : temporal summation, spatial summation

6. All of the following are characteristics of EPSP except :

a. Na+ influx

b. K+ efflux

c. Increase the internal metabolism of neuron

d. Activates inhibitory enzymes

e. B&d

Correct answer : e

7. With related to synaptic transmission

a. Oxygen cessation may cause inexcitability of neurons

b. Caffeine and theophine and thebromine enhance the synaptic

transmission

c. Anesthetics drugs increase the mebrane threshold so reduce

the synaptic transmission

d. Caffeine reduce the threshold

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

8. Botulinum toxin act by ( enhance / inhibit ) neurotransmitter

release and so inducing ( spasticity / muscle relaxation )

Correct answer : inhibit / muscle relaxant

9. Give examples for medical uses of botulinum toxin ?

a.

b.

c.

Correct answer : 1) post-stroke spasticity 2) post-spinal cord

injury spasticity 3) chronic migraine headache

10. Wich of the following is non-inhibitory neurotransmitter ?

a. GABA

b. Glycine

c. Glutamate

d. Dopamine

e. Serotonin

Correct answer : C

11. -------------- is responsible for prolonged change in neurons and

change in the reactivity of synapses

Correct answer : synaptic modulator neurotransmitter

12. Which of the following is inhibitory neurotransmitter found in

spinal cord ?

a. Serotonin & glycin

b. Dopamine

c. Glutamate

d. Serotonin only

e. Glycin only

Correct answer : a

13. -------------- is found in area of brain responsible for long-term

behavior and memory

Correct answer : Nitric oxide (NO)

14. How neuropeptides differ from small-molecule neurotransmitters.

1- ------

2- ------

3- ------

4- ------

Correct answer : 1) synthesized in ribosomes 2) more potent

3) prolonged action 4) do not reused

15. Fill in the blanks :- ( concerning neuronal pool )

a. Amplifying signal and transmit it to different sites is called -------

b. Summation of multiple incoming signal ( from single or multiple

sources ) into one neuronal pool is called ----------------

c. Incoming signal may cause output excitatory going on a

direction and other ---------------------

d. Incoming signal cause prolonged output even after the

incoming signal is over, this called -------------------

e. Long acting neurotransmitter cause -------------

f. When on signal stimulate multiple neuron within the pool and

these neurons keep to converge on an output neuron is called

------------------

g. When an excited neuron send a feedback to re-excite it self this

is called ---------------- and see in ------------- by action of ------------

& --------------------- .

h. Some neurons send output without input due to ---------------- or

-------------------------

Correct answer :

a. Divergence in multiple tracts

b. Convergence

c. Inhibitory in another direction

d. After discharge

e. Synaptic after discharge

f. Parallel circuit for after discharge

g. Reverberating circuit fot after discharge , brain stem ,

respiration and wakefulness

h. Rhythmical activity , reverberating circuit

16. A. When an collateral nerve fiber excite an inhibitory neuron and

this inhibitory neuron cause inbibition to adjacent less excited

neuron this called ----------------------

B. when the inhibitory interneuron inhibit the initially excitatory

neuron this is called --------------

Correct answer :

A. Lateral inhibition

B. Recurrent inhibition ( feedback inhibition circuit )

17. Main inhibitory neuronal pool on motor system in nervous system

a. Cerebellum

b. Limbic system

c. Cortex

d. Basal ganglia

e. Medulla oblongata

Correct answer : d

18. Stability of the neuronal circuit is through ?

Correct answer :

1- Inhibition circuit ( inhibitory feedback circuit / gross inhibitory

control BG )

2- Synaptic fatigue ( decrease sensitivity by overuse / down

regulation of receptors )

19. All the statements below are true except :

a. Merkle disk and ruffini endings sense steady pressure

b. Pacinian corpuscle and Meissner’s corpuscle sense vibration

c. Merkle disk and ruffini are naked nerve endings

d. Merkle disk and ruffini are expanded tips endings

e. Pacinian & Krause-end bulb are encapsulated endings

Correct answer : C

20. With regarding to receptors …

a. For all type of stimulus there is one threshold

b. Receptor can sense two different types of stimuli

c. Most sensitive stimulus to specific receptor is called adequate

stimulus

d. One nerve fiber can transmits different modalities of sensations

e. Specific nerve tracts can terminate in different points in the CNS

Correct answer : C

21. Matching

Group A Group B

Itching and tickle Slowely conductive type IV nerve fibers

Cold sensation Type C nerve fibers

Warmth sensation Type A & C nerve fibers

Acute pain A delta nerve fibers

Chronic pain Type C nerve fibers

Visceral pain Type C nerve fibers

22. With regarding mechanoreceptors :

a. Pacinian is rapidly adapting pressue receptor

b. Ruffini corpuscle is slowly adapting pressure receptors

c. Pacinain is encapsulated

d. Ruffin is expanded nerve endings

e. A& b are true

Correct answer : e

23. A.---------------- transmits crude pressure and tactile sensation

B. sterognosis sensation is transmitted by ---------------------

C. topgnosis is transmitted by ………………..

Correct answer : A. Anterolateral system

B. Gracile and cuneate pathway

C. Gracile and cuneate pathway

24. Abnormal sterognosis may be due to defect in all the following

except :

a. Parietal lobe

b. Somatic association area

c. Pressure receptors

d. Tactile receptors

e. Primary somatic area

Correct answer : e

25. To discriminate different weights by lifting them we use ..

a. Golgi tendon organ

b. Muscle spindle

c. Pacinian corpuscle

d. Ruffini corpuscle

e. None of the above

Correct answer : a

26. For proprioception which statement is false ?

a. It is sense of different part of body related to each other and

sense of body position in space

b. Two types, dynamic and static

c. Pacinian corpuscle have no role in static proprioception

d. Pacinian corpuscle and Golgi tendon organ have a role in

dynamic proprioception

e. Receptors in synovial membrane have no role in dynamic

proprioception

Correct answer : e

27. Regarding thermoreceptive sensation :-

a. There is 2 types of receptors ( one for warmth and one for

cold )

b. receptors found in the epidermis

c. receptors also found in viscera, spinal cord and arounf great

veins

d. thermostat center is located into the hypothalamus

e. all the above

Correct answer : e

28. with related to thermos-receptors

a. Cold receptors work in 25-50

b. Warmth receptors work in 10-35

c. Warmth receptors are encapsulated

d. Cold receptor is Krause-end bulb and it is encapsulated

e. c&d

Correct answer : e

29. fill in the blanks ( regarding thermoreceptors ) …

a. when the temperature falls actively the person will fell colder

than if the same temperature was constant applied on him this

is because ……………………………….

b. Thermo-neutrality and adaptation of thermoreceptors is

between --------------

c. Temperature of the body is obtained from --------------------------

d. Thermosensitive pain receptors activated below ----------------

and above --------------------

Correct answer :

a. Receptors respond to steady state and the same time to

changing ( tonic & phasic type of receptors )

b. 20-40

c. Thermo-receptors in viscera, spinal cord & around great

veins

d. 15,45

30. Fill in the blanks ( concerning nociceptors )

a. Neurotransmitter of acute pain is ---------------- while of chronic

pain is -------------------

b. -------------- pain produce profuse sweating and nausea &

vomiting and decrease in blood pressure

c. 2nd order neuron of chronic pain end in ----------------------

d. Deep pain is 1- ----------------- 2- ---------------- 3- -----------------

e. Nociceptors receptors type is -----------------

f. Best known examples of referred pain is 1- ------------ 2- ----------

3- -------------

g. Causes of true visceral pain ------------------------------

h. Components of analgesia system 1- ------------- 2- ------------------

3- ---------------- 4- ------------------ 5- ---------------

i. Morphine like substances are 1- -------------------- 2- ----------------

3- ----------------------------

j. Primary hyperalgesia can be seen in --------------- due to ----------

and can be caused by ------------- or ---------------------------------

k. Secondary hyperalgesia can be seen in ------------------ and

caused by ----------------------

l. Neurogenic pain include 1- ------------------- 2- ----------------

3- ---------------------------------

Correct answer :

a. Glutamate, substance P

b. Chronic pain

c. RAS ( reticular activating system )

d. 1- poorly localized 2- nauseating and sweating 3- change in

BP

e. Free nerve endings

f. Chest pain to inner left arm , central portion irritation of

diaphragm in tip of shoulder , testicular pain due to distortion

of ureter

g. Ischemia , chemical stimuli , spasm of viscous , overdistension

of a viscous, insensitive viscera

h. 1- peri-aquedactal grey matter 2- raphe magnus nucleus

3- central inhibitory complex ( CIC ) 4- periventricular nuclei

5- medial forebrain bundle in hypothalamus

i. Beta-endorphin in hypothalamus and pituitary

met and leu encephalin in analgesia system

dynorphine

j. Sunburns skin, chemical products of snburn ( bradykinin and

prostaglandin ), mechanical and thermal

k. Spinal cord and thalamus injuries , only mechanical

l. Diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia , allodynia

31. With concerning to headache

a. It is NOT a refereed pain

b. Constipation cause of headache is extra-cranial .

c. Only from intracranial structures

d. All the above


Correct answer : e

32. Why when we have a pain … , it can be relieved by massage ?!

Correct answer : massage ( mechanical stimuli ) is conducted by

type A nerve fibers to DC – ML system , these fibers ( in spinal cord

) have collateral branches that laterally inhibit the pain-

transmitting nerve fibers …

33. How ( substantia gelatiosa ) act as gate-control of pain stimuli ?

Correct answer : substantia gelatinosa is inhibitory, when

stimulated by larger nerve fibers ( A fibers ) in light

mechanical or massage it will activate and inhibit pain

transmittiong fibers , ( Gate to close ) while

stimulation of the smaller ( e.g. type C nerve fibers )

peripheral sensory fibers this will cause the gate to open

34. With concerning anterior horn cells

a. Alpha-motor neuron innervate exrafusal muscle fibers

b. Gamma-motor neuron innervate intrafusal muscle fibers

c. Interneurons are less than anterior motor neurons

d. Renshew cell is inhibitory cell to sensory nerve fibers and can

block transmission of unwanted sensation

e. Gamma-motor neurons cause the muscle spindle to relax

Correct answer : a

35. Concerning gamm-motor neurons efferent

a. It innervate the extrafusal muscle fibers

b. Have no role in controlling the response of receptor of

intrafusal fibers

c. Can not be inhibited or excited by higher brain centers ( BG &

cerebellum )

d. Descending tracts have no effect on gamm-motor neuron

e. Anixiety can cause excitation.

Correct answer : e

36. Concerning gamm-motor neurons efferent

a. Anxiety can cause inhibition.

b. Noxious agents to skin cause inhibition of gamma-motor

neuron to flexor muscles of the ipsilateral side

c. Gamm-motor neurons must be inhibited in order to get

normal excitatory spinal cord reflexes

d. Trying to pull hooked fingers will cause cut to inhibitory signal

to gamma-motor neurons from higher brain centers

( Jerkassik”s maneuver )


Correct answer : d

37. In decerebration …

a. Transertion is from midle to lower mesencephalic level

b. Medullary inhibitory systembecome non fuctional

c. Pontine excitatory system became over-functional

d. Block inhibition to vestibular nuclei & Development of rigidity

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

38. These are Complications of spinal cord injury except :

a. Stones formation

b. Negative nitrogen balance

c. Hypocalcaemia

d. Pressure sores

e. Death

Correct answer : c

39. In incomplete spinal cord injury

a. Brown-sequard syndrome cause loss of motor function in the

contralateral side and pain & thermal sensation in ipsilateral

side

b. Arms most affected in central cord syndrome

c. In anterior cord syndrome, pressure and joint sensation is not

preserved

d. In posterior spinal cord injury, there is loss of muscle power

e. In hemi-sectional injuries to spinal cord, crude touch is

maintained for the contralateral side.

Correct answer : b

40. Lesion confined to posterior column – medial lemniscus system

can cause all the following except :-

a. Sensory ataxia

b. Loss of pain and temperature sensation

c. Loss of fine touch sensation on ipsilateral side

d. Loss of vibration


Correct answer : b

41. All the following is true regarding the anterio-lateral system

except :

a. All fibers end in thalamus

b. Have type C nerve fibers

c. Project to somatic sensory area of the cerebral cortex

d. lateral spinothalamic tract transmit pain and temperature

sensation

e. crude sensation is transmitted by anterior spinothalamic tract

Correct answer : a

42. a lesion in the spinothalamic tract

a. May abolish touch sensation

b. Cause loss of vibration

c. Pain and temperature sensation are preserved on the

ipsilateral side

d. Will not cause different touch sensation ( modified touch )


Correct answer : c

43. Regarding thalamus

a. All type of sensation pass through it except olfaction

b. Called the secretory of the cerebral cortex

c. Regulated by inputs from Basal ganglia and cerebellum

d. Work in close association with cerebral cortex

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

44. Regarding thalamus function

a. Is NOT a center for conscious perception for any type of stimuli

b. Can NOT fascilate cerebral cortex

c. Can NOT identify stimuli effect or modulate reaction to it

d. Concerned with recent memory and memory search

e. Can NOT control motor activity

Correct answer : d

45. Regarding the functions of thalamus all the following is true

except …

a. Can control behavior and personality through connection with

cortical association area and prefrontal cortical area

b. Part of caudate and putamen circuit

c. Part of limbic circuit

d. can NOT control the motor activity

e. identify stimulus effect and reaction to it

Correct answer : d

46. a lesion of thalamus can produce all the following except :-

a. all type of sensations will be lost

b. spontaneous pain

c. considerable emotional reaction

d. loss of muscle power

e. none of the above

Correct answer : d

47. with regarding the somatosensory area of cerebral cortex all of

the following are true except :-

a. Have no relation to texture of materials

b. Area depend of number of receptors

c. In SII area, face represented anteriorly while arm in the middle

and leg is posteriorly

d. SII receive from SI, visual and auditory cortical sensory cortex

and thalamic nuclei of both sides

e. Lesion to somatosensory area can cause asterognosis

Correct answer : a

48. secondary somatic sensory area receive from all the following

except :-

a. Thalamus

b. Primary somatic sensory area

c. Visual cortex

d. Auditory cortex

e. Wernick area

Correct answer : e

49. With regarding secondary somatic sensory area all true except :-

a. Broadmann area 40

b. Little know about the function

c. Can not work without SI

d. SI can work without it

e. Face presented in the middle

Correct answer : e

50. Three major characterestics of somatosensory area

organizational features are ------------ , -------------- , -----------

Correct answer :

Somatotopic organization, multiple maps, columns

51. With regarding sensory association area, all true except :-

a. Broadmann area 5&7

b. Receives inputs from SI & SII only

c. Transfere sensation into learned meaningful perception

d. Integrate present senses with past-learning

e. Damage to one side may cause amorphosynthesis

Correct answer : b

52. A damage to sensory association area may cause all of the

following except …

a. Decresed intelligent

b. Autotopagnosis ( Unknown the place )

c. Impaired memory

d. Sensory ataxia

e. Amorphosynthesis

Correct answer : d

53. Regarding wernicks area all true except :

a. Located in posterior part of temporal lobe

b. Is highly developed in the dominant side of brain

c. Is where the sensory association areas all meet

d. Interoperates complicated meanings of different sensory

experiences ( sensory area )

e. Language center usually in the non-dominant hemisphere

Correct answer : e

54. Following a damage to wernicks area wich is true ?

a. Sensory aphasia may developed

b. Patient hear perfectly but can not understand the thought

c. Patient is unable to perform mathematical operations and

think of logical proplems

d. None of the above

e. All the above

55. With related to deep reflexes ..

a. They mediated by the golgi tendon organ

b. they differ from the stretch reflexes

c. threshold of these reflexed can be mediated by higher centers

to meet the postural control

d. central delay and reaction time are characteristics of these

reflexes

e. c&d

Correct answer : e

56. with related to stretch reflexes

a. They have no relation to muscle tone

b. Can not be mediated by higher brain centers

c. Have no role in stabilizing the body positioning during tense

motor activities

d. Reciprocal inhibition is a characteristic of the afferent nerve

fibers.


Correct answer : d

57. With related to muscle spindle and golgi tendon organ

a. Muscle spindles have a motor innervation.

b. Muscle spindles mediate the stretch reflex

c. Golgi tendon organ give a feedback about the degree of

muscle tension

d. Golgi tension organ prevent muscle tearing and equalize

tension on separate muscle fibers

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

58. With concerned withdrawal reflex :-

a. It is monosynaptic

b. Happened in chronic pain stimulation

c. Reciprocal inhibition ( crossed extensor reflex ) is a

characteristic of this reflex

d. Afferent nerve fiber is mono-synaptic

e. All the above

Correct answer : c

59. With related to Renshaw cells …

a. Inhibit the motor system

b. Inhibit the sensory system

c. Do not recurrent inhibition activity

d. They innervated by anterior horn cells

e. a&d

Correct answer : e

60. with related to muscle spindle, which statement is true ?

a. nuclear chain fibers detect the dynamic change in muscle

length

b. mid-portion of intrafusal fibers is contractile

c. end-portion of intrafusal fibers are contractile

d. increase stimulation of gamma-motor neuron cause muscle

spindle inhibition

e. none of the above

Correct answer : c

61. All the following cause excitation of the muscle spindle except .

a. Contraction of the end-portion of the intrafusal fibers

b. Shortening of the mid-poertion of the intrafusal fibers

c. Lengthening of the muscle

d. Increase the activity of gamma-motor neuron


Correct answer : b

62. Pyramidal tracts originate from all the following except …

a. Primary motor cortex

b. Supplementary motor cortex

c. Premotor cortex

d. Somatic sensory area of parietal lobe

e. Betz cells

Correct answer : b

63. All of the following are functions of the uncrossed corticospinal

tract except :-

a. Bilateral innervation of respiratory muscle

b. Gross positioning control mediated by supplementary motor

area

c. Facilitation of stretch reflexes

d. Do some movements when there is injury of the crossed tract


Correct answer : c

64. With related to corticospinal tract :-

a. Ventral corticospinal tract cross segmentally

b. Lateral corticospinal tract cross in the motor decussation in

brain stem

c. Uncrossed corticospinal tract have NO function

d. All the above

e. a&b only

Correct answer : e

65. with related to pyramidal tract

a. Corticonuclear tract pass through the genu of internal capsule

b. Corticobulbar tract innervated the muscles of head and neck

c. Corticospinal tract occupy the anterior 2/3 of the posterior

limb of internal capsule

d. Corticonuclear tract get an origin from eyefield area in in the

frontal lobe ( area #8 )

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

66. With related to the laminae of the cerebral cortex

a. Lamina I & II have connection with reticular activating system

RAS

b. Final sensory cell in motor cortex located in lamina III

c. Pyramidal tract originate from laminae IV.

d. Association fibers originate from lamina III

e. Commissural fibers originate from lamina II

Correct answer : a

67. Match the following :-

Primary motor area Area #9,10,12

Prefrontal area Area #6,8

Premotor area Area #4

Boca’s area Area #44,45

68. With related to the connections of the motor cortex, all the

following is true except :-

a. Red nucleus have no connection with motor cortex

b. Ventrobasal complex of thalamus send specific signals

c. Ventral and medial nuclei of thalamus send impulses of

cerebellum and basal ganglia to it.

d. Intralaminar nuclei send non-specific signals

e. Betz cells ( large pyramidal cells ) inhibit adjacent cortical

areas.

Correct answer : a

69. With related to lesions of extrapyramidal tract, all the following

is true except :-

a. Produce NO muscle weakness

b. Swinging arm when walking may be defect

c. Fascial expression may be involved

d. Hypertonia affect only one group of muscle ( for example : the

flexors )

e. May produce tremor ( disappear when there is movement )

Correct answer : d

70. With concerned the motor neuron lesions :-

a. Upper motor neuron may produce atrophy in longstanding

cases

b. UMNL produce flaccidity

c. –ve babiniski sign in UMNL

d. There is no weakness or paralysis in LMNL

e. hyperreflexia may be produced in LMNL

Correct answer : a

71. all of the following are functions of extrapyramidal tract except :-

a. adjustment of skeletal muscle tone

b. producing of fine discrete movement

c. adjustment of postural activities

d. adjustment of muscle movement to meet present plans

e. involved in gross movement production

Correct answer : b

72. basal ganglia send efferent fibers to all of the following except :-

a. Red nucleus and tectum

b. Reticular formation & inferior olive

c. Motor cortex

d. Vestibular nuclei

e. Substantia nigra and subthalamus nuclei

Correct answer : c

73. Regarding the olivospinal tract all is true except :-

a. Olive receives inputs from spinal cord, basal ganglia & motor

cortex

b. Crossed tract

c. Can facilitate stretch reflex

d. Work in close association with cerebellum

e. Can correct muscle movement to meet present plane

Correct answer : b

74. With related to the vestibular nuclei and vestibulospinal tract, all

of the following is true except :-

a. Lateral vestibulospinal tract is a crossed

b. Ventral vestibulospinal tract is both crossed and uncrossed

c. Vestibulospinal tract mediate postural reflexes and muscle

tone

d. Lateral vestibulospinal tract is for postural adjustment

e. Ventral vestibulospinal tract is for adjustment head movement

Correct answer : a

75. With related to reticular formation

a. Ventral reticulospinal tract is crossed

b. Lateral reticulospinal tract is uncrossed

c. Reticular formation receives inputs from motor cortex, in

addition to basal ganglia

d. Pontine reticular system is excitatory

e. Reticular system has no effect on stretch reflex

Correct answer : d

76. With related to tectospinal tract,

a. Both ventral and lateral tracts areun crossed

b. Lateral tectospinal tract originate in inferior colliculi

c. Ventral tectospinal tract originate in superior colliculi

d. Lateral tectospinal tract involved in audiospinal reflex

e. Input to tectum is from globus pallidus

Correct answer :

77. With related to red nucleus, all the following is true except :-

a. Rubrospinal tract a crossed tract

b. Input is only from the basal ganglia

c. Have substantial influence on flexors muscles of limbs.

d. Inactivation may cause deficient in the contralateral side

e. Fibers or rubrospinal tract originate from the upper part of red

nucleus

Correct answer : e

78. With relating to basal ganglia :-

a. Main input to them is from globus pallidius

b. Main output from them end in corpus striatum

c. They have connection with ventrolateral nuclei of

hypothalamus

d. Have stimulatory effect on motor control

e. Regulate the sensor pathway

Correct answer : c

79. With related to neurotransmitters in basal ganglia components,

all the following is true except :-

a. Overall basal ganglia have dopaminergic activity

b. Substantia nigra have dopaminergic activity

c. Corpus striatum have glutamic activity

d. Subthalamic nuclei have glutamic activity

e. 2 inhibitory neurotransmitter are used by the basal ganglia

Correct answer : a

80. With related to metabolic characteristic of basal ganglia

a. They are NOT sensitive to hypoxia

b. Caudate nucleus have high ability to concentrate cooper

c. In hemolytic diseases, bile pigment may be deposit in basal

ganglia and result in kernicterus

d. In Wilson disease, the main defect is in the substantia nigra


Correct answer : c

81. Wich of the following structure damage will lead to motor

apraxia ?

a. Caudate n.

b. Premotor area of the cortex

c. Putamen

d. a&b

e. a&c

Correct answer : d

82. in related to function of the caudate n., all the following are true

except :

a. Determine the pattern of movement

b. Storage of motor programs of familiar motor action

c. Prevent movement overshooting

d. Sequential movement to achieve complex goal

e. Determine how long the movement of will be last

Correct answer : b

83. Damage to the caudate n. may produce all the following except

a. Motor apraxia

b. Non-able to draw figures of fixed scale

c. Inability to organize movements to achieve complex

movement

d. Overshooting in movement

e. Loose of cognitive control on motor activity

Correct answer : a

84. With related to lesions of the basal ganglia

a. Tremor may be present during movement ( intention tremor )

b. There is no involuntary movement produced at all

c. Change in muscle tone always lead to hypertonia

d. All of the above


Correct answer : e

85. With related to basal ganglia disorders

a. In chorea, there is hypertonia

b. In athetosis ther is hypotonia

c. Athetosis could happen due to loose of the putamen circuit

d. Huntington chorea have no role in block of thinking process

e. In parkinsonism, the main defect is in the subthalamic nuclei

Correct answer : c

86. Match

Group a Groub b

a. Chorea Subthalamus nuclei

b. Athetosis Caudate n.

c. hemiballinisum Putament n.

d. Parkinson disease Lentiform n.

e. Wilson disease Substantia nigra

87. With related to parkinsonism, all of the following could happen

except :-

a. Rigidity in both flexor and extensors

b. There is static tremors

c. broad base steps

d. absence of arm swinging during walking

e. mask face

Correct answer : c

88. with related to hypertonia

a. Could happen in chorea

b. Affects only on muscle group in UMNL

c. Lead-pipe rigidity fells like a clicks during the range of

movment

d. Cog-whell rigidity seen in the cerebellar disorders

e. Is inhibited by higher brain centers

Correct answer : e

89. With related to connection of the cerebellum ..

a. Climbing fibers used in learning cerebellum to new pattern of

movement precisely

b. Mossy fibers involved in precise execution of voluntary

movments

c. Ventral spinocerebellar tract act as an ( afferent copy )

d. Dorsal spinocerebellar tract concerned with the static and

dynamic proprioceptive control

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

90. True or fasle ?

a. Purkinje fibers output is totally to deep cerebellar nuclei

b. Vestibulcerebellum inhibit the stretch reflex

c. Cerebrocrebellum is acting to perform the damping function of

cerebellum

d. Asthenia may produced due to defects in climbing fibers

e. Olive and premotor cortex send the “ efferance copy “ to

cerebellum

f. A defect in dentate and interopostious nuclei may head to

hypertonia

Correct answer :

a. False

b. True

c. False

d. False

e. True

f. False

91. With related to cerebellar ataxia

a. Tremor may be absent during movement

b. NO dysmetria

c. Shuffling gate is present

d. Overshooting of movment when remove the resistance factor.

e. No nystagmus

Correct answer : d

92. With related to cerebellar ataxia, all the following could

happened except :

a. Wide base steps

b. Dysarthria

c. Static tremors

d. Nystagmus

e. Adiadokinesia

Correct answer : c

93. With related to function of the reticular system, all the following

is true except …

a. It can bothe excite and inhibit stretch reflex

b. Have NO autonomic functions

c. Control of wakefullness and sleep

d. Pain inhibition through raphe magnus nucleus

e. Maintain posture especially during body movments

Correct answer : b

94. With related to reticular activating system all the following is

true except :-

a. Have no role in dreaming

b. May dampen the effect of stimuli ( end it )

c. Sleep and wakefulness

d. Integrated response to stimuli and pin a specific fact

e. Sense the thing about us

Correct answer : a

95. With concerned to limbic system

a. Amygdala is responsible for fear

b. Temporal lobotomy will lead to abolish fear sensation

c. Amygdala fascilates rage area

d. Amygdala destruction will lead to placidity

e. All the above

Correct answer : e

96. With concerning the ventrolateral nuclei of thalamus :-

a. It is the site of inputs from basal ganglia and cerebellum

b. It is concerned with motor function

c. Damage to it may cause apraxia

d. It is a nonspecific nucleus in thalamus

e. It is responsible for secretion of GnRH

Correct answer : e

97. Match ( concerning hypothalamus nuclei )

Lateral , dorsomedial and posterior nuclei

Autonomic functions

Supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

Control secrtetion of posterior pituitary

Ventromedial GRH,GIH Endocrine rhythm, feeding rhythm , temperature rhythm

Paraventricular TRH , GRH

Arcuate nucleus GnRH, LH, LIH Anterior hypothalamus Heat losse center

Salt apetite

In female it is estrogen sensitive

Posterior hypothalamus Heat gain center

RAS fibers pass through it so a damage will lead to sleep !

Lateral hypothalamus Water balance Sexual excitement

Suprachiasmatic Sleep wake cycle

98. Match :-

Area 4 primary motor area Area 6 Secondary motor area

Area 44,45 Motor speech area (Boca’s area)

Area 1,2,3 Primary somatic sensory area

Area 5,7 Somatic sensory association area

Area 17 pirmary visual area

Area 18,19 Secondary visual area

Area 41,42 primary auditory area

Area 22 Secondary auditory area Area 8 Frontal eye field area

99. With related to cones cells ..

a. It is responsible for detailed vision

b. Used in peripheral vision

c. More abundant than rodes

d. When diseased, it will cause night blindness


Correct answer : a

100. With related to rods, all of the following is true except :-

a. They are more abundant than cones

b. They have highest concentration in fovea centralis

c. They detect black, white and shades of grey

d. They are stimulated by one specific wave length only

e. They are responsible for night vision

Correct answer : b

101. With related to light and dark adaptation, all of the following is

true except :-

a. Dim to light adaptation take a prolonged period

b. When in light, there will be a diminished in the photosensitive

purple

c. Cones is always faster to adapt than rods

d. In dim light adaptation is enhanced by dilation of the pupil

e. Light to dim adaptation usually take 40 minutes to get a

complete adaptation

Correct answer : a

102. With related to pupillary light reflex

a. It used to examine both II & III cranial nerves on both sides

b. It is constriction of one pupil if light is applied on the other one

c. It occurs because both pretectal nuclei will be stimulated ( due

to optic chiasma )

d. All of the above

Correct answer : b

103. All of the following could happen in accommodation reflex

except :-

a. Involvement of the ciliary ganglia

b. Involvement of the pterygopalatine ganglia

c. Convergence of both eyes

d. Contraction of the ciliary muscles

e. Involvement of the pretectal nuclei

Correct answer : b

104. Wich of the following is stimulated by angular movement

a. Organ of corti

b. Macula lutea

c. Crus ampullaris

d. Macula

e. Hair cells in scala media

Correct answer : c

105. With concerned to semicircular canals & ducts

a. posterior SSC stimulated when head move forward and

backward

b. superior SSC of one side is parallel to Posterior SSC of the other

side so they both stimulated by a specific movement

c. Crus ampullaris contains otoliths

d. Snow-drift line is present on crus ampullaris

e. There is 6 ampulla that open to utricle

Correct answer : b

106. With concerning to presbyacousis

a. It is an age related condition

b. There is loss of the high frequency sounds sensation

c. Occurs due to degeneration of the hair cells in the basal turn of

cochlea

d. All of the above

e. None of the above Correct answer : d

DONE BY :- Abbas A. A. Shawka

Slideshare :- https://www.slideshare.net/AbbasALRobaiyee1

https://www.slideshare.net/AbbasALRobaiyee1

neurophysiology mcqs

Health & Medicine