Networks for Research and Education: The Future

Douglas E. Van HouwelingPresident & CEOInternet2

University of MontanaTuesday, 18 September 2007University Center Rooms 332-333

Overview

• Where we have been, and why– Internet2

• Innovation in higher education and research networking

• Implications for infrastructure

• Implications for the Internet

• The future: What we need to do

5/5/98

History & BackgroundHistory & Background

ARPANet 1987– NSFNet 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services

(ANS) 1994 -- WWW 1994 -- Commercialization 1997 -- Next Generation Internet

Initiative & Internet2

ARPANet 1987– NSFNet 1990 -- Advanced Network and Services

(ANS) 1994 -- WWW 1994 -- Commercialization 1997 -- Next Generation Internet

Initiative & Internet2

NSFNET• 1986 56 kb connections for supercomputing

centers• 1987 NSF Cooperative Agreement

• Merit, IBM, MCI, Michigan partnership

• 1988 T1 in production• 15% monthly growth• 1990 T1 link to Europe

• 1990 ANS T3 in production• 1995 Commercialization

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5/5/98

Today’s InternetToday’s Internet Growing at 10 - 15% per month Capacity lags applications

• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward

• Internet telephony• Video conferencing• Shared authoring

• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts impossible

Growing at 10 - 15% per month Capacity lags applications

• The “world wide wait”• Human interaction awkward

• Internet telephony• Video conferencing• Shared authoring

• Distributed large scale computing and data base efforts impossible

5/5/98

Today’s InternetToday’s Internet

Mission-critical applications seldom pursued on the public Internet • Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough

Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!

Mission-critical applications seldom pursued on the public Internet • Authentication• “Best efforts” not good enough

Intranets and Extranets instead• Match capacity and demand• Provide a more secure environment• Don’t reach the public at large, though!

5/5/98

Barriers to ProgressBarriers to Progress

Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand

No large scale development environment available

Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Advanced applications can’t be deployed

Providers swamped attempting to match capacity to demand

No large scale development environment available

Negative-sum competitive environment inhibits investment

Advanced applications can’t be deployed

5/5/98

Advanced InternetProjectsAdvanced InternetProjects

Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:

• Federal mission agency needs

• Maintaining US Internet leadership

Internet2• Focused on:

• Higher education needs

• Moving the public Internet to the next level

Next Generation Internet (NGI)• Focused on:

• Federal mission agency needs

• Maintaining US Internet leadership

Internet2• Focused on:

• Higher education needs

• Moving the public Internet to the next level

DEVH AAU 10/21/96-9-

Internet II -- Objectives

• Response to Research & Education Needs

• Applications Innovation & Demonstration

• Reliable, Broadband Desktop to Desktop Connectivity

• Intercampus

• Intracampus

• Higher Education Control

• Transparent Interface to the Commodity Internet

• Rapid Transfer to Commercial Sector

What Does Internet2 Do?

Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet

Internet2 Universities209 University Members as of August 2007

Internet2 Affiliate Members• ACUTA• Altarum• American Distance Education Consortium• Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy

(AURA)• CERN• Charles R. Drew University• Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia• Cleveland Institute of Music• Cleveland Museum of Art• Coalition for Networked Information• Desert Research Institute• EDUCAUSE• ESnet• Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society

(HIMSS)• Howard Hughes Medical Institute• Indiana Higher Education Telecommunications System

(IHETS)• Inter-American Development Bank• Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation• Jet Propulsion Laboratory• Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory• The Library of Congress• Los Alamos National Laboratory

• Manhattan School of Music• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center• NASA Marshall Space Flight Center• National Archives and Records Administration• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)• National Geographic• National Institutes of Health• NOAA – Washington, D.C.• National Science Foundation• New World Symphony• NIST• Oak Ridge National Laboratory• OSTN (Open Student Television Network)• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory• Ruth Lily Health Education Center• SURA• TOPIX• U.S. Census Bureau• United Nations System of Organizations• United States Antarctic Program• United States Dept. of Commerce Boulder Labs• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum• University Corporation for Atmospheric Research• University of North Carolina General Administration• The World Bank

Internet2 R&E Network Members• 3ROX• CEN• CENIC• CIC OmniPoP• CPE• FLR• GPN• Indiana GigaPoP• KanREN• LEARN• LONI• MAGPI• MAX• MCNC• Merit Network

• MOREnet• MREN• NJEDge.Net• Northern Lights GigaPoP• NOX• NYSERNet• OARnet• OneNet• OSCnet• OSHEAN• Pacific Northwest GigaPoP• PeachNet• SOX• UEN• WiscNet

State Education Networks Connected to Internet2

Internet2 Corporate Partners

Internet2 Corporate Sponsors

• Arbor Networks• Campus Televideo• Codian, Inc.• Foundry Networks• inSORS Integrated

Communications

• Polycom Worldwide• RADVISION• TANDBERG• VBrick Systems

Internet2 Corporate Members• ADVA Optical Networking• Apparent Networks• Arbinet-thexchange, Inc.• C-SPAN• Caterpillar, Inc.• Cdigix• Cedar Point Communications• Comcast Cable Communications• CommuniGate Systems• EBSCO Information Services• Education Networks of America, Inc.• Fujitsu Laboratories of America• Global Crossing• Google• HaiVision Systems, Inc.• Johnson & Johnson• KDDI Corporation• LifeSize Communications

• Lucent Technologies• Media Links, Inc.• Napster, LLC• Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)• Northrop Grumman Information Technology• OCLC Online Computer Library Center• OpVista, Inc.• RIAA• Red Hat, Inc.• Ruckus Network, Inc.• Schlumberger• Steelcase, Inc.• The Thomson Corporation• Verizon Business• Video Furnace, Inc.• VoEx, Inc• Warner Bros.

Current International Partners Asia-PacificAAIREP (Australia)APAN (Asia-Pacific)ANF (Korea)CERNET/CSTNET/ NSFCNET (China)JAIRC (Japan)JUCC (Hong Kong)MYREN/MDeC (Malaysia)NECTEC/UNINET (Thailand)PERN (Pakistan)REANNZ (New Zealand)SingAREN (Singapore)NCHC/TANet (Taiwan)

AmericasCANARIE (Canada)CEDIA (Ecuador)CLARA (Latin America & Caribbean)CNTI (Venezuela)CR2NET (Costa Rica)CUDI (Mexico)REUNA (Chile)RETINA (Argentina)RNP [FAPESP] (Brazil)SENACYT (Panama)

EuropeARNES (Slovenia)BELNET (Belgium)CARNET (Croatia)CESnet (Czech Republic)DANTE (Europe)DFN-Verein (Germany)FCCN (Portugal)GARR (Italy)GIP- RENATER (France)GRNET (Greece)HEAnet (Ireland)HUNGARNET (Hungary)NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)PSNC/PIONER (Poland)RedIRIS (Spain)RESTENA (Luxembourg)RIPN (Russia)SANET (Slovakia)Stichting SURF (Netherlands)SWITCH (Switzerland)TERENA (Europe)JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)

AfricaMCIT [EUN/ENSTINET] (Egypt)TENET (South Africa)

Middle EastEtisalat University College (UAE)Israel-IUCC (Israel)Qatar Foundation (Qatar)

South AsiaERNET/CDAC (India)

Internet2 International Partners

Summary

• Internet2 started October 1996• From 34 to over 200 universities today

– 50+ other research and non-profit institutions• From United Nations to Lawrence Berkeley Labs to the

New World Symphony– 50+ for profit companies– 30 state and regional R&E networks– Primary, secondary schools, museums, libraries,

healthcare institutions through Sponsored Educational Group Participants (SEGP)

– More than 50 international partners

Summary

• Internet2– Provides a high-performance network environment

for the US research and education community• optimized to meet the needs of research, teaching,

learning, clinical and outreach missions of that community

– Enables the development and deployment of new network, middleware and applications technologies, services and protocols

– Draws the community together to support these efforts

Technology– Computing continues to follow Moore’s Law– Storage is moving to the atomic level– Networking is exploding in the optical and

wireless domains– Identity management middleware enables virtual

communities– Human/Computer interface is rapidly evolving

• Culminating in the Cybersphere – persistent, pervasive, global, and immersive

information/knowledge environment

Integrated Systems Model

Internet2 infrastructure

K20 School

UniversityLibrary

Research Laboratory

UniversityLibrary

Library

ResearchLaboratory

K20 School

K20 School

Museum

Museum

NationwideNetwork Links

100 Mbps -10 Gbs

A New Networking Model

A New Networking Model

A New Networking Model

The Internet2 network

• Replaced the old “Abilene” backbone network• Hybrid optical and IP network • Fiber, optical equipment dedicated to Internet2;

Level 3 maintains network and service level• Infrastructure to support multiple networks

– Internet2 IP Service– Dynamic and static circuit services– ESnet’s next generation network

• Platform supports production services and experimental projects

Internet2 Network Capabilities

• Capacity and reliability to serve large scale projects – eVLBI, LHC, NEON, TeraGrid

• Flexibility to support smaller projects at lower bandwidths, for variable durations

• Lightpath provisioning to the campus

• Ideal platform for network research

Switched WDM Optical Layer

Provisioned Services

Internet2 Network: Infrastructure with Multiple Services

Routed IP Network”

“SONET Switched Network”

“Ethernet VLAN Switched Network (i.e., HOPI)”

Switched SONET Layer (vcat, lcas)

Multi-Layer GMPLS Networks

Ethernet Layer

Router Layer

Separate (Peering) Control Plane Instantiations for each of the above

Circuit Service Types

• Static Services - Configured by our NOC– Ethernet or SONET Framed over Lambda - Directly on the

Infinera wave equipment– SONET Circuits through the Ciena equipment– Ethernet Framed tagged or untagged circuits under SONET

via GFP– MPLS L2VPNs

• Dynamic Circuit Service– Only through the Ciena equipment at the start, eventually

evolving to the full platform– Create Circuits in seconds for periods of hours to weeks

Internet2 Network - Layer 1Internet2 Network - Layer 1

Internet2 Network Optical Switching Node

Level3 Regen Site

Internet2 Redundant Drop/Add Site

ESnet Drop/Add Site

The Crucial Role of the RONs

Advanced R&E Networking:Networking CapabilitiesTODAY

– Megabit-per-second bandwidth– IP-based services– Campus-focused middleware– Loose coordination across networks

TOMORROW– Gigabit-per-second bandwith– IP-based and Dynamic Circuit (DC) services– Inter-domain middleware – High coordination across networks

Middleware Infrastructure• Focus:

– Inter-institutional collaboration– Scalable authenticated/authorized access to

remote resources

• Internet2 role:– Defining/creating architecture: Shibboleth– Tools to implement: Shibboleth, Grouper,

Signet– Infrastructure/Services to scale: InCommon,

USHER

Advanced R&E Networking:ApplicationsTODAY• TV-Quality Videoconferencing• Gigabyte-class data sets among small research groups• Limited access to remote scientific instrumentsTOMORROW• Uncompressed HDTV and gigapixel displays• Terabyte-class data sets among global research groups• Routine, reliable, and discipline wide access to remote

scientific instruments

Access to Unique Scientific Instruments• Astronomy

• High-Energy and Nuclear Physics

Health Science Research and Instruction

Tele-health• Medical instruction

• Clinical practice

• Research

Images courtesy of NOAA

Weather Prediction and Disaster Recovery

Supporting Large-scale Distributed Sensor Networks

• Ecology

• Seismology

• Meteorology

Collaboration and Communication

Hi-fidelity Collaboration• HD-quality video

• CD-quality audio

Fine Arts Rehearsal and Performance

NEPTUNE

http://www.neptune.washington.edu/

Lewis and Clark: Then and Now

http://ali.apple.com/lewisandclark/

JASON

http://www.jason.org/

Digital Learning Commons

http://www.learningcommons.org/

CI Functions and Interactions

Instrumentation

Security

Control

DataGeneration

Computation

Analysis

Simulation

Program

Security

ManagementSecurity and

Access

AuthenticationAccessControl

Authorization

User

ControlProgram

ViewingSecurity

3DImaging

Display andVisualization

.

DisplayTools Security

DataInput

CollabTools

EducationAnd

Training

HumanSupportHelp

Desk

Policy andFunding

ResourceProviders

FundingAgencies

Campuses

SearchData SetsStorage

Security

RetrievalInput

SchemaMetadata

DataDirectories

Ontologies

Archive

Cyberinfrastructure Vision:More Than High-End Computing and Connectivity

• Focused making greater capabilities available across the science and engineering research communities

• Allows applications to interoperate across institutions and disciplines

• Ensures that data and software are preserved and easily available to all

• Empowers enhanced collaboration over distance and across disciplines

Report of the National Science Foundation Blue-RibbonAdvisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure

Cyberinfrastructure Days

• TeraGrid, Open Science Grid, Internet2 and EDUCAUSE collaboration

• Assist campuses in their CI planning• Reach out to early and later-adopting

disciplines • Gather feedback/insight on services the

national organizations could provide to aid campuses and discipline communities

Additional Workshops

• Arts & Humanities• Dynamic Circuit Services • High-Energy Nuclear Physicists

(Large Hadron Collider)• IPv6• Multicast• Network Performance• Real Time Collaboration Tools

(Internet2 Commons)

Implications of Internet2’s Experience for the Internet• Higher education is a leader in Internet

technology innovation and deployment

• College student experiences drive commercial demand

• Fiber reaching ever-closer to the end user

• New industries (gaming, home video creation/sharing) are demand drivers

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Next Steps in Network Development• Optical and wireless technologies

– New types of transport technologies– All-optical switching– 10x leap in bandwidth– Ubiquitous coverage

• Middleware deployment

• Next generation of Internet protocols (IPv6)

The Future

• A Vision for the US NREN• Internet2• NLR• Regional & state networks• Federal agencies• K-20/library/museum community

• An imperative for US capability and competitiveness

An Asset for the Community

Universities

Researchers

Regional Networks

K-12

Industry

International

An Asset for the Community

Universities

Researchers

Regional Networks

K-12

Industry

International

Questions?

• Find us at www.internet2.edu

www.internet2.edu