Networks

Alex Starlyn Mora Alcántara

ID: 2014-2404

Las Amerericas Institute Technologic

Structure.

¿What is a network?Is a series of points or nodes interconnected by communication paths. Networks can interconnect with other networks and contain sub-networks.

Geographical Area.

Arquitecture.

Topology.

Protocols.

Clasification:

Geographical Area.

LAN (Local Area Network)

Is a group of computers that are connected together in a localized area to communicate with one another and share resources such as printers. 

PAN (Personal Area Network)

Is a computer network used for data transmission among devices such as computers, telephones and personal digital assistants.

PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves (intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (an uplink).

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)Is a large computer network on the large geographical area that include several buildings or even the entire city (metropolis).

The geographical area of the MAN is larger than LAN, but smaller than WAN. MAN includes many communicating devices and provides the Internet connectivity for the LANs in the metropolitan area.

WAN (Wide Area Network)is a network that exists over a large-scale geographical area. A WAN connects different smaller networks, including local area networks (LAN) and metro area networks (MAN).

Connects more than one LAN and is used for larger geographical areas. WANs are similar to a banking system, where hundreds of branches in different cities are connected with each other in order to share their official data.

Arquitecture

Client-ServerThis arquitecture consist on a serie of host that are connected to a center in which this one offers services to every single host in the network, It manage the communication between them and control the security.

Peer-To-Peer Network.In this arquitecture, Every host is connected with each other with conection devices, and does no have a central administration, every host have the same right in the network.

Topology

Bus.In this topology, Every device is connected to the same line. The Cable go from the first computer in the network to the last one.

In this topology, if a computer sends a message it goes to every pc connected to the network, and the message will be received by the specified destinatary, and will be refused by the wrong destinatary.

Advantages:

Economic, Simply.

Disadvantages:

Unsecure, waste of signal.

Peer-to-Peer.Is the simplest of all the network topologies. The network consists of a direct link between two computers.

This is faster and more reliable than other types of connections since there is a direct connection.

The disadvantage is that it can only be used for small areas where computers are in close proximity.