Network Devices

Network Devices

PC PC

Multiplexer

Media Media

Media on PC

Ethernet Modem PC Card (WLAN) DVB

Ethernet - Architecture

Ethernet – IEEE 802.3

10Base5 – Thick wire coaxial 10Base2 – thin wire coaxial / cheaper

net 10BaseT – Twisted Pair 10BaseF – Fiber Optics

100BaseT – Fast Ethernet

Ethernet – 10Base5

Ethernet – 10Base2

Ethernet – 10BaseT

NIC Connector type

Coaxial Cable Bayonet Nut Connector (BNC)

Twisted Pair Cable RJ-45 (8 wire)

Fiber Optics SMA connectors

Modem

Allows modems of different vendors to operate together

Define How modems operate: Modulation techniques Data compression technique Error detection strategy

Modem – Analog vs Digital

Analog Infinite number of levels Conform to voice pattern Times from highest to lowest and back to the

highest point in one second is the frequency Can be transmitted over long distance

Digital Only two levels (high and low) Conforms to how computers operate Cannot transmitted over long distance

Modem - Connection

Modem – Internal/External

PC Card – WLAN (802.11)

Bypassing last mile

PC Card (WLAN) - 1

PC Card (WLAN) - 2

PC Card (WLAN) – Indoor Antena

DVB – DVB/IP Tech

The Digital Video Broadcast over Internet Protocol (DVB/IP) system is functionally an IP-over-Ethernet simplex satellite service that incorporates frame-relay type traffic management. At its core, DVB is a modem-on-a-chip, plus an intelligent multiplexer. The antenna is typically a CATV dish, 2.4 - 3.8 meters in diameter (for C-band), or 0.6 -1.8 meters (for Ku-band).

DVB – DVB/IP Routing

DVB - Adaptability

DVB – DVB Card

Media

Wired Twisted Pair – UTP Coaxial Fiber

Wireless Microwave Satellite

Twisted Pair

Two wired wrapped in a twisted fashion Designed to reduce

cross-talk due inductance

Still subject to interference from stray signal

Primarily used for local loop connections and LANs

Comparatively narrow bandwidth

UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair

Pair 1 White/blue Blue

Pair 2 White/Orange Orange

Pair 3 White/Green Green

Pair 4 White/Brown Brown

RJ45 Connector

UTP – Straight Cable

Wo/O Wg/B Wb/G Wbr/Br

UTP – Cross Cable

Wg/G Wo/B Wb/O Wbr/Br

UTP - CategoryCategory Maximum Data Rate Usual Application

CAT 1 Less than 1 Mbps Analog voice (POTS),

    Integrated Services Digital Network Basic Rate Interface in ISDN

    Doorbell wiring

     

CAT 2 4 Mbps Mainly used in the IBM Cabling System for token ring networks

     

CAT 3 16 Mbps Voice and data on 10BASE-T Ethernet

     

CAT 4 20 Mbps Used in 16 Mbps Token Ring

    Otherwise not used much

     

CAT 5 100 Mbps 100 Mbps TPDDI (100BASE-T or Fast Ethernet)

  1000 Mbps (4 pair) 155 Mbps ATM

    Gigabit Ethernet

     

CAT 5E 100 Mbps 100 Mbps TPDDI (100BASE-T or Fast Ethernet)

    155 Mbps ATM

     

CAT 6 200-250 MHz Super-fast Broadband Applications.

Coaxial

Center lead conducts the signal Protected by insulation and braded wire

Used mostly for television and connections to antenna

Larger Bandwidth but large in size

Fiber Optical

Signal transmitted by photos rather than electrons Dramatically higher bandwidth Used mostly for backbone communication

connections, very high speed LANs and fast network connections

Microwave – Antenna (1)

Omni 2.4GHz 8dBi

Microwave – Antenna (2)

Sectoral 14dBi 180deg

Microwave – Antenna (3)

Sectoral 17dBi 90deg

Microwave – Antenna (4)

Direct (Grid) 2.4 GHz 24dB

Microwave – Power AMP

Satellite - Broadband

Media Comparison

Multiplexer

HUB Switch Bridge Router

Hub versus Switch

Hub provide connection to all ports (i.e. in one port and out all other ports). Passive hub – no signal regeneration Active hub – provide signal regeneration

Switch direct the message from appropriate port (directs a message from the input port to the desired output port). More expensive but better bandwidth utilization

Hub versus Switch

LAN Hub device

Hub

LAN Switch device

Switch

Bridge – Access Point (WLAN)

Router

Connecting different segment Have different interfaces (Ethernet,

WAN-Serial, Fiber, etc) Table Routing

Router