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Good Humanitarian Donorship

National and International Response toHumanitarian Emergencies:

Perspectives from the Philippines

Amb. Evan P. Garcia

Permanent Representative of the Philippines to the UnitedNations and Other International Organizations

Geneva

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Cyclones Ketsana / Parma

(Ondoy / Pepeng)

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Cyclones Ketsana / Parma

(Ondoy / Pepeng)

Aftermath:

1000+ Deaths 9.8 Million Persons Affected

Losses equivalent to 2.7% of GDP Damage and losses of US$ 4.38

Billion

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Comparative Damage

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National DisasterCoordinating Council (NDCC)

Chaired by the Secretary of National Defense.

Coordinates national disaster management efforts. A council of involved government agencies.

Mobilizes resources of other agencies, does not

have its own organic assets. DCCs at all levels of government.

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Phil. Govt-International CommunityCoordination

Led by the Phil.National DisasterCoordinatingCouncil(NDCC) jointly with UNOCHA.

Joint On-siteOperationsCoordinationCenter(OSOCC) established.

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Cluster Approach Positive experience, providing a systematic

approach.

NDCC / Phil. Government agencies wereassigned particular clusters in Dec. 2008

Need for further orientation and training in

cluster system.

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Cluster Approach

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Cluster Approach

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Coordination of Advocacy Messages Global: Close coordination with OCHA Flash

Appeal process in Geneva and New York.

National: Development and execution ofadvocacy messages by cluster leads on specificconcerns, in various media. Messages shared

among clusters.

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Challenges in working with donors &

international organizations need for Closer operational coordination between and

among UN agencies, Intl. Orgs & donors.

Closer coordination between international andPhilippine stakeholders.

Wider dissemination and observance of IDRL

and other intl disaster management guidelines. More efficient harnessing of govt, pvt sector

and civil society resources.

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Evaluating International Response OCHA-coordinated Flash Appeal useful and

effective process.

Red Cross, other IO, regional and bilateralresponses also effective.

NGO assistance mixed good support but also

instances of abuse and disaster tourism

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Immediate Needs Assessment Process Needs assessment done immediately by Phil.

Govt (NDCC), major donors and supported by

OCHA and UNDAC. Some degree of duplication among agencies

and donors.

Need for improved coordination amongstakeholders a common needs assessmentprocess.

Need for further needs assessment training

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Post-Disaster Needs Assessment

(PDNA) Process Initiated by Department of Finance, joint

Philippine-International experts team.

Damages, losses and socio-economic impact.

Estimated total US$ 4.38B damages & losses.

Five Priority Areas ID'd: (1) Rural Production, (2)

Flood Management, (3) Housing, (4) DRRManagement, (5) Local Governance.

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Post-Disaster Needs Assessment

(PDNA) Process Objective

To estimate the total damage and losses to

the Philippines due to the typhoon disasters,by sector, to establish the parameters for acomprehensive recovery and reconstructionprogram.

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Post-Disaster Needs Assessment

(PDNA) Process Process

Multiple sectoral-teams, including central and

local governments, civil society, privatesector and international developmentpartners.

Assessment used existing govt data and fieldvisits to develop comprehensive assessmentof damage, losses, and needs for eachsector, as well as analysis of socio-economic

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Post-Disaster Needs Assessment

(PDNA) Process Methodology

Damage (direct impact): Impact on assets,

stock, and property.

Losses (indirect impact): Impact on flows thatwill be affected, such as production declines,

reduced incomes, increased expenditures,etc. over a time period until economy andassets are recovered.

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Post-Disaster Needs Assessment

(PDNA) Process Methodology (cont.)

Recovery and Reconstruction Needs:

Recovery of all economic activities to pre-disaster levelsand Reconstruction ofdestroyed or damaged physical assets.

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Guiding Principles for Recovery &

Reconstruction A transparent, accountable and results-based

recovery and reconstruction program.

Community-based, people-centered andequitable approaches.

Reduction of future risks.

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Special National Public Reconstruction

Commission (SNPRC) Undertake a study of causes, costs and actions

Seek fresh aid to fund the reconstruction; tap

the resources of the private sector

Recommend to the President reconstructionand rehabilitation projects

Oversee the implementation of thereconstruction program

Act as a clearing house for the international

assistance im lemented b the donors

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National Capacity to Tackle

Natural Disasters Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP)

2010-2019 Plan for DRR / Hyogo FA

Enabling Environment

Financial & Economic Soundness

Supportive Decision-Making

Safety & Well-Being Enhancement

DRR Implementation & Evaluation

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DRR Approach for

Less-Developed States Begin process with multi-stakeholder

consultations.

Foster close involvement and ownershipamong stakeholders.

Maximize coordination among donors and

national stakeholders. Philippine DRR experts available under

triangular assistance schemes.

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Tackling LRRD Problems

Maximize coordination amonginternational and national stakeholders.

Adopt wholistic perspective in managingboth man-made (conflict) and naturaldisasters, particularly for local

governments.

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Cooperation with Regional

Organizations - ASEAN ASEAN Agreement on Disaster

Management and Disaster Response

(AADMER)

ASEAN Humanitarian Coordinator

ASEAN Regional Program on Disaster

Mgt (ARPDM) ASEAN Cttee. on Disaster Mgt (ACDM)

ASEAN Geneva Committee (AGC)

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Cooperation with Regional

Organizations and Donors European Union and Nations

Bilateral

ECHO

Asia-Pacific Partners

APEC, Australia, Canada, China, Japan,

New Zealand, Rep. Korea, USA

MFIs

World Bank, Asian Devt Bank, etc.

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Military-Humanitarian Coordination

The NDCC is chaired by the Secretary ofNational Defense

The NDCC Secretariat is the Office of CivilDefense (OCD)

Military disaster management assets are

assigned to the NDCC framework Use of military assets for humanitarian

action is commonplace in SE Asia

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Conclusion

International humanitarian cooperation hasbeen positive.

Need for enhanced coordination amonginternational and domestic stakeholders.

Further capacity building needed for

cluster approach and needs assessment.

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Mabuhay !