NESEFFICACY IN CONTROLING POWDERY MILDEW & MITES

SUMMERY OF FIELD TESTS IN APPLES

BY Dr. Hadass Cohen

Control of Powdery Mildew of Apples, Podosphaera leucotricha,

by Nesinfested non-

infested

Crop: AppleVariety: GalaxyLocation: Golan Heights, Nisanov’s orchardsApplication of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayerDate of Applications: 19/05/05; 26/05/05Tested Treatments: 1. Control, 2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%, S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante-

México.

Field Trial I - Northern Israel Materials & Methods

Design of Experiment: randomized blocks, 3 treatments X 4 blocks, 4 trees per block.

Monitoring Method: Five shoots with fresh leave, 20 cm long (7-9 leaves each), were randomly chosen within each block, from trees located in the center. Mildew infestation was evaluated in two different methods: 1) Presence of disease on leaves. Percentage of infested leaves out of total sample, was calculated for each treatment. 2) Degree of disease was determined according to a scale of mildew cover per leaf, as follow: 0.=clean; 1.=0.5-2% ; 2.= 2-10% ; 3.=10-30%; 4. =30%-50% ; 5.>50%. Average degree

Materials & Methods - for all field trials

Statistics:

Data were analyzed by multifactorial analysis of variance,

followed by pairwise comparisons with the SNK test.Data were transformed to square root (x+1) to stabilize their variance.

A significant level of 0.05 was used for all statistical test .

The Sigma Stat software was used for all statistical analysis.

0102030405060708090

100

19/05/05 26/05/05 02/06/05

% infested leaves

control

Hexaconazole0.04%Nes 2%

ab

a

b

b

a

b

Field Trial I – Fig. 1

Application IApplication II

-0.50

0.51

1.52

2.53

3.54

4.55

19/05/05 26/05/05 02/06/05

control

Hexaconazole0.04%Nes 2%

Rate of infestation

a

b

b

b

b

Field Trial I – Fig. 1I

a

aaa

Field Trial II - Northern Israel

Crop: AppleVariety: Golden DeliciousLocation: Golan Heights, Edri’s orchardsApplication of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayerDate of Applications: 29/05/05; 07/06/05Tested Treatments: 1. Control, 2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%, S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante

México.

Materials & Methods

0

20

40

60

80

100

19/05/05 26/05/05 02/06/05

%infestation

controlHexaconazole 0.04%Nes 2%

Application I

Application II

aa a

b

b bb

Field Trial II – Fig. I

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

44.5

19/05/05 26/05/05 02/06/05

rate of infestation

control

Hexaconazole 0.04%

Nes 2%

aa

aa

a

bb

bb

Field Trial II – Fig. II

Field Trial III - Northern Israel

Crop: GalaxyVariety: Golden DeliciousLocation: Golan Heights, Nisanov’s orchardsApplication of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayerDate of Applications: 21/09/05; 31/09/05Tested Treatments: 1. Control, 2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%, S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante-

México.

Materials & Methods

05

101520

control Hexaconazole0.04%

Nes 2%

preliminary infestation - 21/09/05

10 days since last treatment - 11/10/05

aa a

bb

a

%infested leaves

Field Trial III – Northern Israel

Powdery Mildew of ApplesConclusions

In field trials presented above Nes appears as a most efficient fungicide, in controlling apple powdery mildew.

Nes performs the lowest rate of infestation, consistently, throughout all trials, when compared with the commercial treatment.

Control of Two Spotted Mite,Tetranychus urticae

by NES, in Apple Orchards

Crop: AppleVariety: StarkingLocation: Golan Heights, Kibutz El-RomApplication of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayerDate of Applications: 29/05/05; 05/06/05Tested Treatments: 1. Control, 2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%, S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante-

México.

Field Trial I - Northern Israel Materials & Methods

Design of Experiment: randomized blocks, 3 treatments X 4 blocks, 4 trees per block.

Monitoring Method:

10 leaves were randomly chosen and checked for presence of live yellow mites of all stages. Average umber of mites was calculated for each treatment. Checks took place prior to both spray applications 7-21days later, depending upon presence of natural enemies.

Materials & Methods - for all field trials

Field Trial I – Fig. 1

0

5

10

15

20

control Cyhexatine0.06%

Nes 2%

29/05/05

05/06/05

12/06/05

a

a

aa a

b bb

b

no. mites per leaf

Crop: AppleVariety: Golden DeliciousLocation: Golan Heights, Edri’s orchardsApplication of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayerDate of Applications: 19/06/05; 26/06/05Tested Treatments: 1. Control, 2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%, S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante-

México.

Field Trial II & III - Northern Israel Materials & Methods

Field Trial II – Fig. 1

05

1015202530

control Cyhexatine0.06%

Nes 2%

19/06/05

26/07/05

07/07/05

14/07/05

a

bb

a

a

aaa

bb b b

no. mites per leaf.

0

5

10

15

20

25

control Cyhexatine0.06%

Nes 2%

19/06/05

26/07/05

07/07/05

14/07/05

a

bb

aa

a

a

a

b b b

no. mites per leaf.

Field Trial III – Fig. 1

Crop: AppleVariety: Golden DeliciousLocation: Golan Heights, EL-Rom orchardsApplication of Spray: drench with knapsack sprayerDate of Application: 31/07/05Tested Treatments: 1. Control, 2. Commercial treatment – Hexaconozole 0.04%, S.C. 5%, Producer: Zeneca.3. Nes – 2%, S.L., Producer: Jorge Peisajovich Galante-

México.

Field Trial IV- Northern Israel Materials & Methods

05

1015202530

control Cyhexatine0.06%

Nes 2%

31/07/05

07/08/05

14/08/05

21/08/05a aaa

a

a

bb b b

b

no. mites per leaf.

Field Trial IV – Fig. 1

Yellow Mites in ApplesConclusions

Nes appears as an effective acaricide, in suppressing yellow mite populations in apples, as presented in results above.

Throughout all trials, Nes appears as a friendly pesticide towards natural enemies, mainly Stethorus gilvifrons (Coccinellidae), predator beetle of mites .

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Agricultural Dept Rehovot, Israel Ph.D

Conducted by: Dr. Hadass Cohen

29 January 2006