neoplasms of nasopharynx
DESCRIPTION
This presentation discusses neoplasms of nasopharynxTRANSCRIPT
Neoplasms of nasopharynx
Dr T Balasubramanian
drtbalu's otolaryngology online
Types of nasopharyngeal tumors
0 Benign0 Malignant
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Benign tumors
0 Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (commonest)0 Chondroma0 Dermoid0 Teratoma0 Hamartoma0 Epignathi0 Branchial cyst0 Rhabdomyoma0 Hemangioma0 Hemangiopericytoma0 Craniopharyngioma
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Chondroma
0 This neoplasm is cartilaginous in origin0 Occurs in two forms – solitary / multiple0 Commonly arises from basiocciput / basisphenoid
region0 Difficult to differentiate from its malignant
counterpart chondrosarcoma0 Overlying mucosa is intact and non ulcerating
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Teratoma
0 New growths derived from pleuripotent tissue0 It is composed of elements of all three germinal layers0 Also known as hairy polyp of nasopharynx0 Could be sessile / pedunculated0 Often seen protruding into the mouth0 Associated cranial anomalies – palatal fissures,
hemicrania, anencephaly0 Polyhydramnios is common due to impaired
swallowing
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Teratoma (contd)
0 Maternal serum alpha fetoprotein levels raised
0 May demonstrate cystic and solid areas in CT / MRI imaging
0 Areas of bone and tooth formation can be clearly seen in imaging
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Hamartoma
0 These are simple congenital malformations0 Components of this tumor are derived from local
tissue0 They appear as polypoidal masses0 They are firmer than inflammatory polypi0 Size ranges between 1-5 cms0 Tumor surface appears lobulated0 Histologically these tumors consist of proliferating
epithelial elements
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Hamartoma (contd)
0 Hamartomas don’t infiltrate surrounding tissues (this feature differentiates it from adenocarcinoma)
0 Ciliated lining surface epithelium invaginates into the stroma of the mass
0 Two types of hamatomas – epithelial & mesenchymal
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Craniopharyngeoma
0 This is a type of pituitary adenoma
0 This tumor is cystic in nature
0 Histologically benign in nature
0 May be sellar / suprasellar in its location
0 Cyst contains brownish fluid with refractile cholesterol crystals
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Choristoma
0 This is displacement of tissue during the course of its development causing it to appear in the neighboring organ
0 Could be considered as a misplaced anlage0 It is so expansile that it can fill up the whole
nasopharynx and may also extend up to the parapharyngeal space.
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma