nelson - air quality standards-compliance & reduction strategies
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Air Quality Standards: Compliance & Reduction Strategies
Chris Nelson, P.E.3M Environmental, Health, and Safety Operations
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3M Environmental, Health and Safety Operations
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Overview Federal Standards: Where Does Minnesota
Stand? Nonattainment Experience 3M’s Pollution Prevention Pays Program
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Minnesota Ozone Levels
Shako
pee
(505
)
Detro
it Lak
es (2
013)
Mille
Lac
s (30
51)
St. Clo
ud (3
052)
St. Mich
ael (
3201
)
Brain
erd
(320
4)
Mar
shal
l (42
10)
Roche
ster (
5008
)
Stant
on (5
302)
Blain
e (6
010)
East B
ethe
l (60
12)
Stillwat
er (6
015)
Ely (7
001)
Cloqu
et (7
416)
Dulut
h (7
550)
Voyag
eurs
N.P
.0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
60 59 59 58
62 6163
60 60
6563 62
58
54
49
62
2009-2011
Standard
Ozo
ne
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n (
pp
b)
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Minnesota Particulate Matter Levels
Apple
Valley
(470
)
Minn
eapo
lis (9
63)
St. Lo
uis P
ark
(250
)
Roche
ster
(500
8)
St. Pau
l (86
8)
St. Pau
l (87
1)
Virgini
a (1
300)
Duluth
(755
0)
Duluth
(755
1)
Shako
pee
(505
)
St. Clou
d (3
052)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
3130
28
30
3433
17
19
21
2827
2009-2011
Standard
PM
2.5
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n (
µg
/m3
)
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Products
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Example: Printing Press Minor source for Title V, New Source Review Ozone nonattainment area Emissions – Volatile Organic Compounds
(VOC) Potential emissions: less than 5 tons per year Actual emissions: less than 1 ton per year
Control equipment required (“RACT”) $25,000 – 45,000 per year
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Example: Sponge Making Major source for Title V, New Source Review Ozone nonattainment area Proposed 1 lb/hr VOC increase Requirements driven by applicable emissions
limit (RACT) Permit change and SIP revision required for insignificant
change; added 6 months to project
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Example: Insignificant Units Minor source for Title V, New Source Review Ozone, PM nonattainment area Compliance notice for failure to register
cafeteria “char griller” Facility registered unit and paid permitting
fees; ongoing recordkeeping required
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Pollution Prevention Pays (3P)
“Pollution is … unused raw material. By reducing the amount of pollution, … [3M can] save money both on pollution control and on raw materials the next time around. It's a win-win situation.”
Dr. Joe Ling launched 3M’s 3P program in 1975
1975-2011 Totals
Total Projects
Total Monetary Benefit ($USD)
Total Pollution Prevented (US lbs)
9,324 1.56 Billion 3.57 Billion
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Pollution Prevention MethodsMethod Description
Product Reformulation • Replace a part of entire product with less or no toxic chemical(s)
Process Modification • Alter a manufacturing process to reduce pollution (air, water, waste)
Equipment Redesign • Redesign of equipment with new concept to reduce pollution
Quality/Yield Improvement
• Improve efficiency with reduced defects or use fewer raw materials to reduce waste
Recovery and/or Reuse • Develop/Improve system to recover or re-use waste stream
New Product • Develop product with environmental attribute/benefit to assist customer with reducing pollution
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3P Case Study: License Plate System
3M Traffic Safety Systems Division
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Conventional Manufacturing
Plate Blanking
Reflective Sheeting
Ink Curing
VOC Emissions
Graphic Printing
Aluminum Substrate
Plate Embossing
Roll Coating
Ink Curing
Bagging and
Shipping
VOC Emissions
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Digital Manufacturing
Plate Blanking
Reflective Sheeting
Ink Curing
VOC Emissions
Graphic Printing
Aluminum Substrate
Plate Embossing
Roll Coating
Ink Curing
Bagging and
Shipping
VOC Emissions
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Environmental Results 2010 3M Environmental Targets
Reduced volatile air emissions per net sales by 31% (goal: 25%)
Reduced waste per net sales by 19% (goal: 20%)
Improved energy efficiency per net sales by 26% (goal: 20%)
2621 Pollution Prevention Pays projects (goal: 800)
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Summary Minnesota air quality is good; changes to
standards may trigger new requirements Nonattainment risk
More requirements and complexity Less flexibility and choice
Opportunities exist for all of us to proactively reduce our emissions
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