need of standards in ict based precision...
TRANSCRIPT
Need of Standards in ICT based Precision Agriculture
APAN39/Standards-in-Ag-Session/20150304
Sawant S, Durbha S and Adinarayana J
Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Applica'on of ICTs in Precision Agriculture
and Issues • Crop water and pest/disease management • Agro-‐meteorological monitoring • Scheduling field opera9ons / crop management events (e.g.
training, pruning, fer9lizer, pes9cide applica9on ac9vi9es) • ……
• Various WSN and other ICT ini4a4ves across the world • Indigenous data format • Syntac4c and seman4c heterogeneity • Increase difficul4es in interoperability and data discovery
Water Sustainability
Irrigation
GridSense (Groundwater-Irrigation-Disease Sensing System)
ICDTs in Water and Pest/Disease Management for Yield Improvement in Citrus (IWC)#
(Sposorer: ITRA-Water/MediaLabAsia, DeitY, GoI)
IITB
IITH COHA COEA
TCS Datamatrix
MOGA
Partnering Ins'tutes
Industry Partners
NGO/User
Lead Ins'tute
Advisors: Profs Praveen Kumar-UIC, J P King-NMSU, U Desai-IITH, S N Merchant-IITB; and Dr P S Shirgure-NRCC/ICAR
Academia-Industry-NGO Consortium
COHA: College of Horticulture, Amravati; COEA: College of Engineering, Amravati; TCS: Tata Innovation Labs MOGA: Maharashtra Orange Growers Association
http://59.181.97.157:8091/iwc/
# Awarded the Best Team Research Project by ITRA
Study Area Key Features • Water:
Ø Groundwater depth (10-‐20 m.) Ø Groundwater Status: over-‐exploited (CGWB, 2007)
• Citrus: Ø Citrus crop disease Gummosis, has a very close relation with amount of irrigation (Grimm and Timmer, 1981)
Ø Irrigation is deIined by Crop Water Requirement Index
Ø Unavailability of precise information on stage wise citrus crop water requirement
Proposed Study Area Ø Villages: Benoda, Nagziri, Bargaon and Goregaon
4
Mumbai
Need for Standards in Precision Agriculture
• Facilitate – Interoperability among sensing systems – Consistent data and informa9on retrieval – Repeatability and reuse of observa9ons for modeling and valida9on
• Major challenges – Combining the design specific metadata defini9ons – Maintain quality analysis and quality check on observa9ons – Obtain sensor calibra9on and system details – Maintain spa9o-‐temporal resolu9on of sensing system (system
adequacy) – Compliance with metadata standards and defini9ons (OGC, IEEE, FAO,
WMO, etc.)
Precision Agriculture
Human Par9cipatory
Sensing
Hyperspectral field
observa9ons
Geophysical observa9ons
Water use energy
measurements
Satellite based earth observa9ons
WSN based Proximal Sensing Systems
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
• An interdisciplinary and mul9-‐organiza9on ini9a9ve
• Focus on precision farming issues (groundwater u9liza9on/alloca9on, crop disease predic9on and crop irriga9on management)
• Through ICT and human par9cipatory sensing, an aUempt is being made to develop and validate process based regional water-‐crop-‐disease predic9on models
Data Format Text, Image
Standards SML, WMO, IEEE
Services SOS, SPS, SES
WSN based Proximal Sensing Systems
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
Proximal sensing systems for agro-‐meteorological monitoring
Data Format Text, Image
Standards Agronomic sampling techniques (RBD),etc.
Services DSS, etc.
Citrus pest /disease surveillance
Human Par9cipatory Sensing
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
Data Format Images in different wavelengths (op9cal, SAR,
etc.), GeoTiff, etc.
Standards WMS, WCS, WFS, etc.
Services WMS, WCS, WFS, etc.
Satellite based earth observa9ons
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
Data Format Text
Standards SML, etc.
Services SOS, SPS, SES
Water use and pumping energy measurements
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
Data Format Text, resis9vity contours, etc.
Standards SML, GML, etc.
Services SOS, SPS, SES
Electrical Resis9vity Tomography Sec9on
Geophysical observa9ons
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
Data Format Text, ASCII, Signature, Image, etc.
Standards SML, GML, etc.
Services SOS, SPS, SES, WMS, WCS, WFS, etc.
Hyper-‐Spectral leaf reflectance data
Hyper-‐spectral field observa9ons
Observa9ons and measurements in Precision Hor9culture
Integrated Model and Standards Driven Interoperable Service Architecture of GrIDSense
Standards Driven Interoperable Services for Citrus Crop Water and Pest/Disease Management
Pest /Disease Management
Crop Water management
Crop Yield Es9ma9on Mul9-‐modal agro-‐advisory service
Agro meteorological informa9on dissemina9on
service Integrated Services
Standards Driven Interoperable Services for Citrus Crop Water and Pest/Disease Management
Crop Water Management
§ E v a l u a t e d m e t h o d s f o r e s 9m a 9 o n c r o p evapotranspira9on on spa9al basis for field level crop water requirement es9ma9on
§ Architecture for providing field level spa9o-‐temporal varia9ons in crop water requirement through trade-‐off between irriga9on depth and interval
§ Standards: OGC WMS and SOS
Standards Driven Interoperable Services for Citrus Crop Water and Pest/Disease Management
Mul'-‐modal agro advisory service
§ To study the pre-‐exis9ng informa9on and dissemina9on pla]orms in agriculture
§ Analyze the possibili9es for automa9c informa9on retrieval and dissemina9on in agriculture
§ develop a prototype holis9c system for mobile and web based agricultural advisory for citrus pest and disease management
§ U9lize the developed crowd sourcing pla]orm for citrus pest/disease management
§ Standards: OGC WMS
eCitrus Framework
Standards Driven Interoperable Services for Citrus Crop Water and Pest/Disease Management
Pest /Disease Management
• Citrus orchard/plot selec9on using stra9fied random sampling using parameters such as, age of the orchard, rootstock, etc.
• Randomized block based tree selec9on strategy • Blocks are named as A,B,C,D and E. 3/5 Trees from each
block are selected
• Standards: Towards implementa9on of OGC SOS and WPS standards
0
10
20
30
40
50
BN1 BN2 NZ1 NZ2 BA1 GA1 GA2 NZ3
Leafminer infesta9
on (in pe
r cen
t)
Village wise plot ID (BN=Benoda, NZ=Nagziri, BA=Bargaon, GA=Goregaon)
17-‐Jun-‐14
24-‐Jul-‐14
6-‐Sep-‐14
15-‐Oct-‐14
15-‐Nov-‐14
15-‐Dec-‐14
15-‐Jan-‐15
22-‐Feb-‐15
Observed Citrus Leafminer Pest infesta9on
Standards Driven Interoperable Services for Citrus Crop Water and Pest/Disease Management
Crop yield es'ma'on
• Study field image based orange fruit quan9ty es9ma9on through image processing techniques
• Designed a prototype Decision Support System (DSS) for automated fruit quan9ty es9ma9on
• Standards: Towards implementa9on of OGC WMS, WFS and WPS standards
Quan9ta9ve es9ma9on of orange fruit with images data
Standards Driven Interoperable Services for Citrus Crop Water and Pest/Disease Management
Agro meteorological informa'on dissemina'on service
• Interoperable Citrus Sensor Observa9on Service client for agro-‐meteorological informa9on retrieval
• Standards: OGC SOS
Details of Sensors and Sensing System (e.g. air temperature, etc.)
Sensor Observa9ons in the form of Table, Graph and Gauge
Future Scope
• Need for ICT based standards driven interoperable services to facilitate – Crop resources (water, nutrient, pest/disease) management
– Mul9-‐modal (mobile and web based API’s) mul9-‐sensor (proximal, satellite based, human par9cipatory, etc.) crop informa9on retrieval
• Standards driven cloud based processing services for crop resources management
• Need for ICT based services in developing economies for the traceability of agriculture produce (in supply chain) from field to market (na9onal and interna9onal)
Acknowledgements
Part of this work is supported by Informa9on Technology Research Academy (ITRA), Media Lab Asia, Department of Electronics and Informa9on Technology (DeitY), Ministry of Communica9ons and Informa9on Technology, Government of India.
Acknowledgements
Part of this work is supported by Informa9on Technology Research Academy (ITRA), Media Lab Asia, Department of Electronics and Informa9on Technology (DeitY), Ministry of Communica9ons and Informa9on Technology, Government of India.
Thank you