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2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 1

Chapter 1:

Exploring the Network

Network Basics


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Presentation_ID 2 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential

Chapter 1: Objectives

Students will be able to:

Explain how networks affect the way we communicate,collaborate, and share.

Explain the basic characteristics of a network thatsupports communication in a small to medium-sizedbusiness.

Explain the topologies and devices used in a small tomedium-sized business network.

Explain trends in networking that will affect the use ofnetworks in small to medium-sized business.


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Chapter 1

1.1 Communicating in a Network-Centric World

1.2 The Network as a Platform

1.3 LANs, WANs, and Internets

1.4 Expanding the Networking1.5 Summary


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Interconnecting our Lives

Networks in Our Past and Daily Lives


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The Global Community


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Networking impacts in our daily lives

Networks Support the Way We Communicate

Networks Support the Way We Learn

Networks Support the Way We Work

Networks Support the Way We Play


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Supporting Communication

What is Communication?

Establishing the Rules

An identified sender and receiver

Agreed upon method of communicating (face-to-face,telephone, letter, photograph)

Common language and grammar

Speed and timing of delivery

Confirmation or acknowledgement requirements




Quality of Communication

External factors affecting the success of communicationinclude:

The quality of the pathway between the sender and therecipient

The number of times the message has to change form

The number of times the message has to be redirected orreaddressed

The number of other messages being transmittedsimultaneously on the communication network

The amount of time allotted for successful communication




Internal QoS Factors

Internal factors affecting successful communication across thenetwork include:

The size of the message

The complexity of the message

The importance of the message



Converged Networks

Traditional Service Networks



Converged Networks

Planning for the Future



Reliable Network

Supporting Network Architecture

As networks evolve, we are discovering that there are fourbasic characteristics that the underlying architectures need toaddress in order to meet user expectations:

Fault Tolerance

Scalability

Quality of Service (QoS)

Security



Reliable Network

Fault Tolerance in Circuit Switched Network



Reliable Network

Packet-Switched Networks



Reliable Network

Scalability



Reliable Network

Quality of Service (QoS)

Examples of priority decisions for an organization mightinclude:

Time-sensitive communication - increase priority for serviceslike telephony or video distribution.

Non time-sensitive communication - decrease priority for webpage retrieval or email.

High importance to organization - increase priority for

production control or business transaction data. Undesirable communication - decrease priority or block

unwanted activity, like peer-to-peer file sharing or liveentertainment



Reliable Network

Network Security



LANs, WANs, and Internets

Components of a Network

There are three categories of network components:

End devices

Intermediary devices

Network media




End Devices

Some examples of end devices are:

Computers (work stations, laptops, file servers, web servers)

Network printers

VoIP phones

TelePresence endpoint

Security cameras

Mobile handheld devices (such as smartphones, tablets,PDAs, and wireless debit / credit card readers and barcodescanners)




Network Infrastructure Devices

Examples of intermediary network devices are:

Network Access Devices (switches, and wireless accesspoints)

Internetworking Devices (routers) Security Devices (firewalls)




Network Media




Network Topology Diagrams



LANs and WANs

Types of Networks

The two most common types of network infrastructures are:

Local Area Network (LAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN).

Other types of networks include:

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Wireless LAN (WLAN)

Storage Area Network (SAN)



LANs and WANs

Local Area Networks (LAN)


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LANs and WANs

Wide Area Networks (WAN)


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The Internet


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The Internet

Intranet and Extranet


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Internet Access Technologies


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Connecting to the Internet

Connecting Remote Users to the Internet


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Connecting to the Internet

Connecting Businesses to the Internet


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Network Trends

New trends

Some of the top trends include:

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)

Online collaboration

Video

Cloud computing


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Network Trends

Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)


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Network Trends

BYOD Considerations


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Network Trends

Online Collaboration and Considerations


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Network Trends

Video


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Network Trends

Cloud Computing

There are four primary types of clouds:

Public clouds

Private clouds

Custom clouds

Hybrid clouds


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Network Trends

Data Centers

A data center is a facility used to house computer systems andassociated components including:

Redundant data communications connections

High-speed virtual servers (sometimes referred to as serverfarms or server clusters)

Redundant storage systems (typically uses SAN technology)

Redundant or backup power supplies

Environmental controls (e.g., air conditioning, firesuppression)

Security devices


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Future of Networking

Network Security


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Network Security

Security Threats

The most common external threats to networks include:

Viruses, worms, and Trojan horses

Spyware and adware

Zero-day attacks, also called zero-hour attacks

Hacker attacks

Denial of service attacks

Data interception and theft

Identity theft


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Network Security

Security Solutions

Network security components often include:

Antivirus and antispyware

Firewall filtering

Dedicated firewall systems

Access control lists (ACL)

Intrusion prevention systems (IPS)

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)


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Network Architectures

Cisco Network Architectures


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Cisco Borderless Network


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Collaboration Architecture


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Data Center Architecture


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Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)


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Exploring the Networking

Summary

In this chapter, you learned:

Networks and the Internet have changed the way wecommunicate, learn, work, and even play.

Networks come in all sizes. They can range from simplenetworks consisting of two computers, to networksconnecting millions of devices.

The Internet is the largest network in existence. In fact, theterm Internet means a network of networks. The Internet

provides the services that enable us to connect andcommunicate with our families, friends, work, and interests.


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Summary


The network infrastructure is the platform that supports thenetwork. It provides the stable and reliable channel overwhich communication can occur. It is made up of network

components including end devices, intermediate device, andnetwork media.

Networks must be reliable.

Network security is an integral part of computer networking,regardless of whether the network is limited to a homeenvironment with a single connection to the Internet, or aslarge as a corporation with thousands of users.


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Summary


The network infrastructure can vary greatly in terms of size,number of users, and number and types of services that aresupported on it. The network infrastructure must grow and

adjust to support the way the network is used. The routingand switching platform is the foundation of any networkinfrastructure.


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