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NatVent

Architect: KHR A/SArchitect: KHR A/SArchitect: KHR A/SArchitect: KHR A/S

BRF Kredit headquarters

Back to Back to “Select a “Select a building”building”

Presentation Presentation of the buildingof the building

Ventilation Ventilation strategy & strategy & technologytechnology

ConclusionsConclusions

BRF Kredit BRF Kredit BuildingBuilding

More More informationinformation...

Summer Summer monitoringmonitoring

Winter Winter monitoringmonitoring

Monitoring Monitoring set-upset-up

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Building presentation (1...)

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BRF-kredit is a financing institute for property mortgages The company Headquarters is located in Lyngby, about 10 kilometres

north of Copenhagen City. The office building was completed in 1986

The main building has four storeys and incorporate an atrium The building consists of a main building and three office blocks (block

2, 3 and 4) The buildings are linked together At the connection points between the buildings there are staircases and

lifts

BRF-kredit is a financing institute for property mortgages The company Headquarters is located in Lyngby, about 10 kilometres

north of Copenhagen City. The office building was completed in 1986

The main building has four storeys and incorporate an atrium The building consists of a main building and three office blocks (block

2, 3 and 4) The buildings are linked together At the connection points between the buildings there are staircases and

lifts


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N

Main building

Office block 2

Office block 3

Office block 4


Office block 2

Office block 4

Main building

Office block 3

Main building Office block 2

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The main building has four storeys and incorporate an atrium

The main building has four storeys and incorporate an atrium


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Each office has a barrel-vaulted central arcade

Rooms on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors open onto this space

There is no access of daylight to the circulation area of the ground floor

Each office has a barrel-vaulted central arcade

Rooms on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors open onto this space

There is no access of daylight to the circulation area of the ground floor

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Building presentation (6...) sectional view

The barrel -vaulted central arcade is open through 1st, 2nd and 3rd floor

Skylights

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Of the total floor area of 20.000 m2

10.000 m2 (50%) is offices and meeting rooms 6.000 m2 (30%) is circulation area 4.000 m2 is toilets, cloakrooms and service area

The structural components include a vertical supporting system of reinforced concrete columns reinforced concrete girders at the balconies prefabricated facades

The facades of the building have a brickwork finish The windows have aluminium frames and are triple-glazed (standard float

glass). The windows in the skylights are double-glazed units

Of the total floor area of 20.000 m2

10.000 m2 (50%) is offices and meeting rooms 6.000 m2 (30%) is circulation area 4.000 m2 is toilets, cloakrooms and service area

The structural components include a vertical supporting system of reinforced concrete columns reinforced concrete girders at the balconies prefabricated facades

The facades of the building have a brickwork finish The windows have aluminium frames and are triple-glazed (standard float

glass). The windows in the skylights are double-glazed units


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The facades of the building have a brickwork finish

From the outside the building appears very compact and rather closed, but …

…from the inside it is very open and welcoming,due mainly to the large daylit circulation areas with skylights.

The facades of the building have a brickwork finish

From the outside the building appears very compact and rather closed, but …

…from the inside it is very open and welcoming,due mainly to the large daylit circulation areas with skylights.

Building presentation (8|)

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Ventilation strategy (1...)

for summer comfort In summertime the risk of overheating is reduced by intensive ventilation:

High levels of natural ventilation. The ventilation is based on the occupants use of multi-position windows - so-called tilt and turn windows - in conjunction with the automatically skylights.

The intensive ventilation of the offices is based on cross ventilation and single sided ventilation (when the internal doors are closed).

When Tint. < 25°C the skylights are automatically opened at which point stack effects become one of the driving natural forces.

For security reasons all the windows on the ground floor and the 1st floor must be closed at night. In this zone of the building, the intensive ventilation is only used during day-time.

Automatically controlled external solar shading will help to reduce the risk of overheating from solar radiation.

In summertime the risk of overheating is reduced by intensive ventilation: High levels of natural ventilation. The ventilation is based on the

occupants use of multi-position windows - so-called tilt and turn windows - in conjunction with the automatically skylights.

The intensive ventilation of the offices is based on cross ventilation and single sided ventilation (when the internal doors are closed).

When Tint. < 25°C the skylights are automatically opened at which point stack effects become one of the driving natural forces.

For security reasons all the windows on the ground floor and the 1st floor must be closed at night. In this zone of the building, the intensive ventilation is only used during day-time.

Automatically controlled external solar shading will help to reduce the risk of overheating from solar radiation.

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Skylights:Automatically controlled windows (open when Tint.<25°C) and exterior shading devices

Offices:Manually operated multi-position windows and automatically controlled exterior blinds

DAYTIME


for summer comfort

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DAYTIME: skylights open


for summer comfort

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NIGHTTIME


for summer comfortOffices:Manually operated multi-position windows and automatically controlled exterior blinds

Windows can be left open

Windows must be closed (for security reasons)

Internal doors must be closed (for security reasons)

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for indoor air quality Indoor air quality during

office hours in winter and summer time is controlled by the occupants:

Occupants can improve the air quality by opening the windows.

There is no automatic control related to the IAQ.

Indoor air quality during office hours in winter and summer time is controlled by the occupants:

Occupants can improve the air quality by opening the windows.

There is no automatic control related to the IAQ.

In the offices there are manually operated multi-position windows (so-called tilt and turn windows) and ...

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… automatically controlled exterior Venetian blinds

In some offices the occupants have installed internal blinds

Technology (6...)

shading devices - offices

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Control: The exterior Venetian blinds in front of the office windows are

automatically controlled by light sensors. The Venetian blinds can also be operated on an individual basis.

However, after a given period the automatic control overrides any manual adjustments. After some time the position will be changed according to the automatic control system.

In addition to the up/down operation of the blinds the control system can set the angle of the slats to one or two positions according to the altitude of the sun.

Security: For security reasons the Venetian blinds will close automatically at

20.00 hours and remain fully closed at night. Even if the blinds are closed they do not impede the flow of outdoor air through an open window.

Control: The exterior Venetian blinds in front of the office windows are

automatically controlled by light sensors. The Venetian blinds can also be operated on an individual basis.

However, after a given period the automatic control overrides any manual adjustments. After some time the position will be changed according to the automatic control system.

In addition to the up/down operation of the blinds the control system can set the angle of the slats to one or two positions according to the altitude of the sun.

Security: For security reasons the Venetian blinds will close automatically at

20.00 hours and remain fully closed at night. Even if the blinds are closed they do not impede the flow of outdoor air through an open window.

Technology (7...)

shading devices - offices

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The central arcades have automatically controlled skylights

The central arcades have automatically controlled skylights

Technology (8...)

shading and ventilation - arcade rooms

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Exterior shading device

Temperatures in the roof-space are monitored and the skylights are opened accordingly.

The exterior shading is controlled with the aid of light sensors. There are individual light sensors for each of the four orientations of the skylights

Temperatures in the roof-space are monitored and the skylights are opened accordingly.

The exterior shading is controlled with the aid of light sensors. There are individual light sensors for each of the four orientations of the skylights

No shading

Technology (9|)

shading and ventilation - arcade rooms

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Monitoring Monitoring set-upset-up N

Office 1

Office 2Office 3

Office 4

Monitored offices Four offices on the third floor of office block 3 were

chosen for monitoring: Office 1: 25 m2 cellular office Office 2: 12 m2 cellular office Office 3: 12 m2 cellular office Office 4: 50 m2 open plan office, 8 persons

Office 1, 2 and 3 are facing essentially east, office 4 is a corner office facing south-west

Four offices on the third floor of office block 3 were chosen for monitoring:

Office 1: 25 m2 cellular office Office 2: 12 m2 cellular office Office 3: 12 m2 cellular office Office 4: 50 m2 open plan office, 8 persons

Office 1, 2 and 3 are facing essentially east, office 4 is a corner office facing south-west

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Mon 2

8.0

7.9

7

Mon 0

4.0

8.9

7

Mon 1

1.0

8.9

7

Mon 1

8.0

8.9

7

Mon 2

5.0

8.9

7

Mon 0

1.0

9.9

7

Mon 0

8.0

9.9

7

Mon 1

5.0

9.9

7

Mon 2

2.0

9.9

7

Mon 2

9.0

9.9

7

Summer monitoring (1...) Indoor (average of 4 offices) & outdoor

temperatures during three months period

Text.

Tint.

The internal temperatures is often > 25°C and sometimes > 28°C.T

emp

erat

ure

(°C

).

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Wed

30.

07.9

7

Thu

31.07

.97

Fri 0

1.08

.97

Sat 0

2.08

.97

Sun

03.0

8.97

Mon

04.

08.9

7

Tue

05.08

.97

Wed

06.

08.9

7

Thu

07.08

.97

Fri 0

8.08

.97

Tem

pera

ture

[°C]

, Air

supp

ly [l·

s-1

·m-2

]

Summer monitoring (2...) results of measurements in office 2

Text.

Air Supply

weekend

Intensive ventilation is only applied during office hours (not at night and at weekends).

Tint.

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0

10

20

30

40

50

Wed 3

0.0

7.9

7

Thu 3

1.0

7.9

7

Fri

01.0

8.9

7

Sat

02.0

8.9

7

Sun 0

3.0

8.9

7

Mon 0

4.0

8.9

7

Tue 0

5.0

8.9

7

Wed 0

6.0

8.9

7

Thu 0

7.0

8.9

7

Fri

08.0

8.9

7

0

100

200

300

400

500

Summer monitoring (3...) results of measurements in office 2

Tint.CO2-conc.

Air Supply

The IAQ during office hours is good: The CO2 -concentrations are very low: max.450 ppm (= far below the limit concentration of 1200ppm)

Tem

per

atur

e (°

C),

Air

supp

ly (

l.s-1.m

-2)

The air supply during office hours is very high (intensive ventilation). This leads to low CO2 - concentration. There is no ventilation outside office hours and at weekends for security reasons.

CO

2-c

once

ntra

tion

(pp

m)

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Summer monitoring (4...) Questionnaires

In addition to the measurements, the occupants filled in two questionnaires concerning their views on various environmental conditions in their office. One questionnaire concerned the summer season in general and the other concerned one week in particular (in the summer season), namely the one in which the questionnaires were handed out.

Each occupant indicated his/her rating of each of the conditions (temperature, air movement etc.) by placing vertical marks on dimensionless, horizontal lines of equal length ranging from most positive (comfortable, fresh etc.) to most negative (uncomfortable, stuffy etc.). The rating is quantified by measuring (in millimetres) the distance along each line from most positive to the occupant’s mark. For practical purposes, the ratings have been converted into the range 0-100.

The next slide summarises the occupants ratings of the summer season in general.

In addition to the measurements, the occupants filled in two questionnaires concerning their views on various environmental conditions in their office. One questionnaire concerned the summer season in general and the other concerned one week in particular (in the summer season), namely the one in which the questionnaires were handed out.


The next slide summarises the occupants ratings of the summer season in general.

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Averages of about 100 occupants ratings of various environmental conditions in their office during the summer season

Summer monitoring (5...) Questionnaires

64

65

56

38

45

32

41

48

0 20 40 60 80 100

Temperature

Air movement

Air quality

Odour intensity

Acceptability

Light

Noise

Overall comfort

Comfortable

Fresh

Comfortable

Uncomfortable

Uncomfortable

Stuffy

Satisfactory

Satisfactory

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Odourless Smelly

Acceptable Not acceptable

Temperature

Air movement

Air quality

Odour intensity

Acceptability

Light

Noise

Overall comfort

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Thermal comfort: During a three week period in the month of August, the indoor

temperature (average of simultaneous recordings in four offices) was constantly above 25°C. On extreme days the indoor temperature peaked close to 30°C.

Lower temperatures could be achieved by introducing night time ventilation. The impact of this can be significant when external air temperatures are low.

The IAQ is good due to the intensive day ventilation.

Questionnaires: The occupants reported some dissatisfaction regarding the indoor temperature (being too high) and internal air movements (being too low).

Thermal comfort: During a three week period in the month of August, the indoor

temperature (average of simultaneous recordings in four offices) was constantly above 25°C. On extreme days the indoor temperature peaked close to 30°C.

Lower temperatures could be achieved by introducing night time ventilation. The impact of this can be significant when external air temperatures are low.

The IAQ is good due to the intensive day ventilation.

Questionnaires: The occupants reported some dissatisfaction regarding the indoor temperature (being too high) and internal air movements (being too low).

Summer monitoring (6|) Findings

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-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Mon 1

0.1

1.9

7

Mon 1

7.1

1.9

7

Mon 2

4.1

1.9

7

Mon 0

1.1

2.9

7

Mon 0

8.1

2.9

7

Mon 1

5.1

2.9

7

Mon 2

2.1

2.9

7

Mon 2

9.1

2.9

7

Winter monitoring (1...) Indoor (average of 4 offices) & outdoor

temperatures during a two months period

Text.

Tint.

The internal temperatures are between 20 and 23°C and drops to 17°C at weekends

Tem

per

atur

e (°

C).

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0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Fri

14.1

1.9

7

Sat

15.1

1.9

7

Sun 1

6.1

1.9

7

Mon 1

7.1

1.9

7

Tue 1

8.1

1.9

7

Wed 1

9.1

1.9

7

Thu 2

0.1

1.9

7

Fri

21.1

1.9

7

Sat

22.1

1.9

7

Sun 2

3.1

1.9

7

Mon 2

4.1

1.9

7

CO2 concentration indoors and outdoors. Indoor CO2 is averaged from recordings taken simultaneously in office 1, 2, 3 and 4)

Winter monitoring (2...) CO2 concentration

CO

2-c

once

ntra

tion

(pp

m)

Outdoor CO2-conc.

Indoor CO2-conc.

The IAQ during office hours is good: The CO2 - concentrations are below the limit concentration of 1200ppm.

At weekend the internal CO2 -concentration equals outdoor CO2 - concentration

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0

10

20

30

40

50

Fri

14.1

1.9

7

Sat

15.1

1.9

7

Sun 1

6.1

1.9

7

Mon 1

7.1

1.9

7

Tue 1

8.1

1.9

7

Wed 1

9.1

1.9

7

Thu 2

0.1

1.9

7

Fri

21.1

1.9

7

Sat

22.1

1.9

7

Sun 2

3.1

1.9

7

Mon 2

4.1

1.9

7

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Winter monitoring (3...) results of measurements in office 2

CO

2-c

once

ntra

tion

(pp

m)

Tem

per

atur

e (°

C),

Air

supp

ly (

l.s-1.m

-2)

Air supply.

Indoor CO2-conc.

The air supply during office hours is sufficient The IAQ is acceptable (CO2 - conc.< 1200ppm.). There are no ventilation losses outside office hours

Tint.

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Winter monitoring (4...) Questionnaires

In addition to the measurements, the occupants filled in two questionnaires concerning their views on various environmental conditions in their office. One questionnaire concerned the winter season in general and the other concerned one week in particular (in the winter season), namely the one in which the questionnaires were handed out.


The next slide summarises the ratings concerning the winter season in general.

In addition to the measurements, the occupants filled in two questionnaires concerning their views on various environmental conditions in their office. One questionnaire concerned the winter season in general and the other concerned one week in particular (in the winter season), namely the one in which the questionnaires were handed out.


The next slide summarises the ratings concerning the winter season in general.

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Averages of about 100 occupants ratings of various environmental conditions in their office during the winter season

46

55

62

45

41

36

41

45

0 20 40 60 80 100

Temperature

Air movement

Air quality

Odour intensity

Acceptability

Light

Noise

Overall comfort

Comfortable

Fresh

Comfortable

Uncomfortable

Uncomfortable

Stuffy

Satisfactory

Satisfactory

Satisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Unsatisfactory

Odourless Smelly

Acceptable Not acceptable

Temperature

Air movement

Air quality

Odour intensity

Acceptability

Light

Noise

Overall comfort

Winter monitoring (5...) Questionnaires

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During the winter, the indoor conditions are comfortable: During occupancy periods, indoor temperatures were between 20 and

23 ºC, the CO2-concentrations were between 1000 and 1200 ppm and in office 2, given here as an example, the fresh air supplied gave about 7 air changes per hour.

Out of office hours the indoor temperature dropped to 17-18 ºC, the CO2-concentration to near background level, 400 ppm, and the air supply to nearly zero (= no ventilation losses).

Questionnaires The Indications are that the occupants found the indoor environment

to be more comfortable during the winter-time than in the summer-time.

In the summer-time, thermal comfort is more critical than during the winter.

During the winter, the indoor conditions are comfortable: During occupancy periods, indoor temperatures were between 20 and

23 ºC, the CO2-concentrations were between 1000 and 1200 ppm and in office 2, given here as an example, the fresh air supplied gave about 7 air changes per hour.

Out of office hours the indoor temperature dropped to 17-18 ºC, the CO2-concentration to near background level, 400 ppm, and the air supply to nearly zero (= no ventilation losses).

Questionnaires The Indications are that the occupants found the indoor environment


In the summer-time, thermal comfort is more critical than during the winter.

Winter monitoring (6|) Findings

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Conclusions (1...)

Findings from summer monitoring

Thermal comfort in summer: During a three week period in the month of August, the indoor

temperature (average of simultaneous recordings in four offices) was constantly above 25°C. On extreme days the indoor temperatures peaked close to 30°C.

Lower temperatures could be achieved by introducing night-time ventilation. The impact of this can be significant when external air temperatures are low.

At the present time, night ventilation is not applied for security reasons. This problem could be solved by installing burglar-proof ventilation grilles in the facade. Also the problem of closed internal doors can be solved by installing transfer grilles above the internal doors.

Findings from summer monitoring

Thermal comfort in summer: During a three week period in the month of August, the indoor

temperature (average of simultaneous recordings in four offices) was constantly above 25°C. On extreme days the indoor temperatures peaked close to 30°C.

Lower temperatures could be achieved by introducing night-time ventilation. The impact of this can be significant when external air temperatures are low.

At the present time, night ventilation is not applied for security reasons. This problem could be solved by installing burglar-proof ventilation grilles in the facade. Also the problem of closed internal doors can be solved by installing transfer grilles above the internal doors.

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Conclusions (2|)

Findings from winter monitoring

Winter indoors conditions are comfortable: During occupancy periods, indoor temperatures were about 20 and

23ºC, the CO2-concentration between 1000 and 1200 ppm and in office 2, given here as an example, the fresh air supply gave about 7 air change per hour.

Out of office hours the indoor temperatures dropped to 17-18ºC, the CO2-concentration to near background level, 400 ppm, and the air supply to nearly zero (= no ventilation losses).

Questionnaires The indications are that the occupants found the indoor environment


Regarding air quality, the occupants rated summer conditions higher than winter conditions.

Findings from winter monitoring

Winter indoors conditions are comfortable: During occupancy periods, indoor temperatures were about 20 and

23ºC, the CO2-concentration between 1000 and 1200 ppm and in office 2, given here as an example, the fresh air supply gave about 7 air change per hour.

Out of office hours the indoor temperatures dropped to 17-18ºC, the CO2-concentration to near background level, 400 ppm, and the air supply to nearly zero (= no ventilation losses).

Questionnaires The indications are that the occupants found the indoor environment


Regarding air quality, the occupants rated summer conditions higher than winter conditions.

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More information...Find more information on the PROBE building in the following documents:

\Reports \Monitoring Reports \Summary Reports\dk2summ.pdf global presentation of the buildings (4p./building) contents: building description - ventilation strategy and technology -

winter and summer monitoring results - conclusions

\Reports \Monitoring Reports \Detailed Reports\dk2det.pdf detailed reports of all 19 monitoring campaigns (20p./campaign) contents: monitoring set up - analysis of results - conclusions

Find more information on the PROBE building in the following documents:

\Reports \Monitoring Reports \Summary Reports\dk2summ.pdf global presentation of the buildings (4p./building) contents: building description - ventilation strategy and technology -

winter and summer monitoring results - conclusions

\Reports \Monitoring Reports \Detailed Reports\dk2det.pdf detailed reports of all 19 monitoring campaigns (20p./campaign) contents: monitoring set up - analysis of results - conclusions

You can read and print pdf-files with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. This program is free.

Download it from the Acrobat web site: www.adobe.com OR run the installation file ar32e301(1).exe in the directory \Installation

You can read and print pdf-files with the Acrobat® Reader ®3.0. Program. This program is free.

Download it from the Acrobat web site: www.adobe.com OR run the installation file ar32e301(1).exe in the directory \Installation





More More information...information...




natvent architect: khr a/s brf kredit headquarters back to “select a building” back to “select...

Documents

office building

atrium building presentation

main building office

brf kredit headquarters

office blocks block

main buildingoffice

natvent architect

company headquarters