NATURAL

VEGETATION

WELCOMEPRESENTATION IS CREATED BY :-

1).INDRA BHASKAR MISHRA2). MOHAMMAD ADIL3). TUSHAR MISHRA4). KESHAV KHANNA5). HARSH KUMAR

Our country India is one of the twelve mega bio-diversity countries of the world With about 47,000 plant species India occupies tenth place in theworld and fourth occupies tenth place in the world and fourthin Asia in plant diversity. There are about 15,000 flowering plants in India which account for 6 per cent in the world’s total number of flowering plants.The country has number of flowering plants. The country has many non-flowering plants such as ferns algae and fungi. India also has approximately 90,000 species of animals as well as a rich variety of fish in its fresh and marine waters.Natural vegetation refers to a plant community which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. This is termed as a virgin vegetation. Thus, cultivated crops and fruits, orchards form part of vegetation but not natural vegetation

INTRODUCTION

INDIA

FACTOR RESPONSIBLE FOR DIVERSITY IN

FLORA & FAUNA :-

LandSoil

RELIEF:- CLIMATE:-

Temperature

Photoperiod (Sunlight )

Precipitation

ECOSYSTEMAll the plants and animals in an area are interdependent and interrelated to each other in their physical environment, thus, forming an ecosystem.

Human beings are also an integral part of the ecosystem.

TYPES OF VEGETATION

(i) Tropical Evergreen Forests

(ii) Tropical Deciduous Forests

(iii) Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs

(iv) Montane Forests

(v) Mangrove Forests

Natural Vegetation

TROPICAL EVERGREEN FORESTS

The tropical rainforests are confined to areas of heavy rainfall. Areas which receive more 200 cm of rainfall and have a short dry season are the best area for tropical rainforest. Almost all kinds of vegetation; like trees, shrubs and creepers; are found in such a forest. The forest has a multilayered structure.FLORA- ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and cinchonaFAUNA- elephants, monkey, lemur, deer and a large number of birds, bats, sloth, scorpions and snails are also found in tropical rainforests

Tropical Deciduous Forests

Tropical Deciduous ForestsTropical deciduous forests are the most widespread forests of India. They are spread in those regions which get rainfall between 200 cm and 70 cm. They are also called the monsoon forests. The trees of tropical deciduous rainforests shed their leaves during summer. A large part of this region has been cleared for cultivation and some parts are used for grazing. These forests can be divided into two types on the basis of availability of water.(a) Moist Deciduous Forest: Area which receive rainfall

between 200 cm and 100 cm(b)Dry Deciduous Forest: Area which receive rainfall between

100 cm and 70 cmFLORA- Teak, Sal, Peepal, Neem.. FAUNA- Lion, tiger, pig, deer and elephant.

THE THORN FORESTS AND SCRUBS

The Thorn Forests and Scrubs

Thorn forests grow in those regions which receive less than 70 cm of rainfall. The trees are scattered and they have long roots which go very deep in the ground. The stems are succulent to conserve water. Leaves are usually modified into thorns to prevent evaporation.FLORA- acacia, palms, euphorbias and cactus.FAUNA- Camel, rats, mice, rabbits, fox, wolf, tiger, lion, wild ass, horse.

Montane Forests

Montane ForestsThe forests in the mountainous areas are called montane forest. Different types of vegetation are found at different altitudes in the mountains. These forests can be divided into three types:-(a)The wet temperate type of forest is found between a height of 1000 and 2000 metre.(b)Temperate forests are found between the heights of 1500 and 3000 metre.(c)Alpine vegetation are found are heights of more than 3600 metre.FLORA- pine, deodar,  oak ,chestnut, silver fir, spruce and cedar.FAUNA- Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack rabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels, Shaggy horn wild ibex, bear, rare red panda, sheep and goats.

Mangrove Forests

Mangrove Forests

Mangrove forests are found in the deltas. Roots of the mangrove plants are submerged under water. Hollow roots grow out vertically above water so that roots can breathe. Sundari tree is the most common tree in such forests; especially in the Sunderban Delta. Royal Bengal Tiger is the most famous animal of these forestsFLORA- Palm, coconut, keora, agar & sundari trees. FAUNA- tigers ,turtles, crocodiles, gharials turtles and snakes.

I would like to say at last

PRESENTED BYINDRA BHASKAR MISHRAMOHAMMAD ADILKESHAV KHANNA TUSHAR MISHRAHARSH GUPTA

IX – A

THANK YOU

•NAYAN SINHA•ABHILASHA SRIVASTAVA

SPECIAL

TO