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Introduction to Mesoamerica

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Page 1: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Introduction to Mesoamerica

Page 2: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

 Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in the fifteenth century. Most scientists agree that the Native Americans crossed this land bridge from Asia through the Bering Strait during several series of migrations or movements.

Page 3: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Early Human Migrations

Water Routes

Land Routes

Page 4: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

The Hunters followed Game

When: circa 20,000 B.C.E. - 8000 B.C.E.

Clovis Hunters and the Pleistocene Extinctions

Hunter-gathering societies– Nomadism– Band structure– Egalitarianism

Population diffusion

Page 5: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Major Pre-Columbian Civilizations

1. Olmecs2. Maya3. Aztecs4. Incas

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The Olmecs

Page 7: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Veracruz The Olmec inhabited the

region 1,200 years ago, and remained here until the beginning of the Christian era.

Olmec” was not what the people called themselves– It means “rubber

people” and comes from the rubber trees that flourish in the region

Page 8: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Where? Among the various

Mesoamerican Pre-Classic period (1200 BCE-400 BCE) groups, the Olmecs are the most well-known.

About 3,000 years ago the Olmecs lived along the Gulf of Mexico coast in what is now southern Mexico. The area is now known as Veracruz.

Page 9: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Culture The word "Olmec"

also refers to the rubber balls used for their ancient ball game.

Olmec were a highly developed and well organized group with a complex calendar, hereditary elite, hieroglyphic writing system, and maize cultivation.

They also created unique art objects and sculptures.

A quintessential Olmec piece that displays a clefted head, the typical were-jaguar mouth and the so-called flaming eyebrows, the original use of this remarkable piece was probably religious in nature.

http://www.mesoweb.com/olmec/headlinks.html
Page 10: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

The Mayans

Page 11: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Lands of the Mayans

The Yucatan

Peninsula

The Yucatan

Peninsula

Page 12: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Important city-state: Chichen-Itza

Page 13: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Chichen-Itza - Ball Court

Page 14: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Overview of Tikal (Guatemala)

Temple of the Masks

Temple of the Masks

Page 15: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Mayan Cultivation of

Maize

Chac, God of Rain Chac, God of Rain

Page 16: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Mayan Drinking Cup for Chocolate

Page 17: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Mayan Glyphs used in their

writing system

Mayan Mathematics

sky king house child city sky king house child city

• Developed a number system

• Understood the concept of zero. (similar to India advance).

Page 18: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Pakal: The Maya Astronaut

Page 19: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Monumental

Building:

Tikal: Temple of the Masks

Page 20: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

The Aztecs

Page 21: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Lands of the Aztecs

Page 22: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Tenochtitlan: The “Venice” of the

Americas

Page 23: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Aztec Chinampa or Floating Garden:

15ft. to 30ft. wide

Page 24: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Aztec Sun Stone - Calendar

Page 25: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Aztec Math

Aztec Writing

Page 26: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Aztec Codex (15c Manuscript)

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Aztecs Sacrifice Neighboring Tribes to the Sun God

http://www.time.com/time/europe/photoessays/aztecs/5.html
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The Aztecs WereFierce Warriors

Page 29: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

The Incas

Page 30: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Lands of the Incas- Peru

Page 31: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Incan Suspension Bridges

Incan Suspension Bridges

Page 32: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Incan Digging Sticks

Page 33: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Over 100 Different Types of Potatoes Cultivated by

the Incans

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Produce from a Typical Incan Market

Page 35: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Incan Terrace Farming

Page 36: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

The Quipu: An Incan Database

Page 37: Native Americans were the people who lived on the North American continent thousands of years before the European settlers started their voyages in

Machu Picchu


Settlers Lodge 202

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