Native AmericansNative Americans were the people who lived in America before people from

other countries came here.

Native Americans respected nature.

They took care of the earth and only used what they needed.

Native Americans used natural resources

to meet their needs.

Natural resources are things in nature that people can use.

trees

water stones buffalo

Native Americans lived in culture groups.

The people in a culture group have the same way of life.

A culture group is a group of people who live in the same region.

Native Americans lived in six different regions.

Each region had different physical surroundings.

Others were mostly desert.

Some regions had forests.

Still others had oceans nearby.

Each region had different natural resources.

Each culture group used the natural resources in its region to meet its

needs.

Those who lived near deserts used clay or stones to build their homes.

For this reason, Native American culture

groups had different homes.

Those who lived on the Plains used buffalo skins to make their homes.

Still others lived near forests. They built their homes of wood.

Many Native American culture groups built their homes in villages or cities.

These are the remains of an ancient Anasazi cliff village.

Other culture groups, like the Plains Indians, were nomadic.

They could not live in one place. They had to move around to follow

the buffalo.

The physical surroundings of each region also affected how each culture

group got its food.

Native Americans in the Eastern Woodlands were very lucky. That

region had forests, lakes and rivers, a nearby ocean, and good climate.

These Native Americans could farm, hunt, and fish for food.

There were no forests in the Southwest region. The land was

rocky and uneven.

There were many mesas, or large rocks with flat tops. The Indians

who lived in this region were farmers. They planted their crops

on the tops of mesas.

Native Americans in the California Inter-mountain region were known as

gatherers.

There were few natural resources in this region. These Native

Americans gathered acorns, seeds, and fruits. They also dug up plant

roots to eat for food.

Indians from the Northwest Coast hunted sea animals in the Pacific

Ocean.

There were many salmon in the rivers for them to eat.

They also hunted animals in nearby forests.

Buffalo were a natural resource in the Plains region. The meat was used for

food. The skins were used for shelters and

clothing. The bones were used for tools.

The physical surroundings of the regions affected each culture group’s

way of life in other ways, too.

There was much clay in the Southwest.Native Americans that lived in this

region used the clay to make beautiful pottery.

The Northwest Coast region had many forests. The Native Americans in this

region used wood from the forests to carve tall totem poles.

The carvings on each totem pole told about a family’s history.

There were many buffalo in the Plains region. Native Americans who lived

in this region were hunters.

The Plains Indians had special ceremonies before big hunts. They danced to the music of drums. They thought this would bring them good

luck on the hunt.

Native Americans in the California Inter-mountain region were expert basket

weavers.

They made beautiful baskets out of grasses and plants.

Physical surroundings affected how the Indians traveled, too. All Indians

walked.

Plains and Southwest Indians got horses from Spanish

explorers.

Indians in the Eastern Woodlands, Northwest Coast, and California Intermountain regions used canoes.

Native American culture groups had different ways of life due to their different physical surroundings and natural resources.

Let’s review. We know:

Native Americans were the first Americans.Native Americans respected nature.Native Americans used natural resources.Native Americans lived in different regions.Native Americans had different homes.Native Americans got food in different ways.

Photo Credits

Page 1 - Spotted Tail’s familyWestern History/Genealogy Department, Denver Public Library

Page 14 – Fruit gathererNorthwestern University Library, Edward S. Curtis's 'The North American Indian': the Photographic Images, 2001. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award98/ienhtml/curthome.html