national statistical coordination board un expert group meeting on measuring international migration...

NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARD

UN Expert Group Meeting on Measuring International Migration

December 4 –7, 2006, UN New York

MEASURING INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION IN THE

PHILIPPINES

(With Focus on Emigration Statistics)

byLina V. Castro


OUTLINE

• Background

• Existing Data Generation Systems

• Initiatives/Coordination Efforts in the PSS

• Recommendations and Future Directions


I. Background

The Philippine Statistical System

a decentralized system that is composed of:

a policy making and coordinating body, NSCBa general purpose statistics producing agency,

NSOa statistical research and training center; andall government agencies engaged in the

generation of statistical information


Framework of the PSS and How It is Coordinated


National Statistical Coordination Board

serves as the highest policy making and coordinating body on statistical matters in the Philippines

Functions• formulates policies• allocates responsibilities• coordinates and prescribes standards in the

generation of statistics • designates statistical activities that will be

undertaken by the government• Develops and maintains statistical

frameworks (e.g. PSNA)


Existing Data Generation Systems in the PSS on Emigration

• Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO)• Department of Tourism (DOT)• Philippine Overseas Employment Administration

(POEA)• National Statistics Office (NSO)


• Provide advice and assistance to the President and the Congress of the Philippines in the formulation of policies concerning or affecting Filipinos overseas;

• Develop and implement programs to promote the interests and well-being of Filipinos overseas;

1. Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO) Major Functions


• Filipino Emigrants and permanent residents abroad

• Filipino Nationals who leave the country as spouses or other partners of foreign nationals

• Descendants of Filipinos overseas

• Filipino youths abroad

• Exchange visitor program participants

CFO Clientele


I. Stock estimate on Overseas Filipinos

I. Stock estimate on Overseas Filipinos

II. Statistics on Filipino EmigrantsII. Statistics on Filipino Emigrants

a. Immigrants and Permanent Residents

a. Immigrants and Permanent Residents

b. Filipino spouses and fiancées of

foreign nationals

b. Filipino spouses and fiancées of

foreign nationals

Statistics


0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00In million

Sources: CFO, DFA, POEA and other sources

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FILIPINOS OVERSEAS


I. Permanent – immigrants or legal permanent residents abroad whose stay do not depend on work contracts

I. Permanent – immigrants or legal permanent residents abroad whose stay do not depend on work contracts

II. Temporary – persons whose stay overseas is employment related, and who are expected to return at the end of their work contracts

II. Temporary – persons whose stay overseas is employment related, and who are expected to return at the end of their work contractsIII. Irregular – those not properly documented or without valid residence or work permits, or who are overstaying in a foreign country

III. Irregular – those not properly documented or without valid residence or work permits, or who are overstaying in a foreign country

Categories of Overseas Filipinos (CFO)

NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARDSources: CFO, DFA, POEA and other sources

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FILIPINOS OVERSEAS

Year

Permanent

Residents

Temporary

Residents

Irregular Migrants

Total

1995

19971998

1999

2000

2001

1996

2002

3.05

2.99

2.98

2.96

2.942.71

2.82

2.74

2.55

2.48

2.33

2.151.92

1.83

1.91

1.881.86

7.20

6.976.49

6.41

3.16 7.581.60

7.411.62

7.381.84

7.29


OVERSEASFILIPINO

WORKERS

PERMANENT RESIDENTS

IRREGULAR

3.17M

2.81M

1.60M

TOTAL NUMBER OF OVERSEAS FILIPINOS: 7.58 MTOTAL NUMBER OF OVERSEAS FILIPINOS: 7.58 M

Sources : CFO POEA

PECs

ESTIMATED NUMBER OF OVERSEAS FILIPINOS

(As of December 2002)

NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARDN = 1,238,934

Source : CFO

64,53160,913

54,05955,137

57,720

49,338

45,26941,551

53,953

51,031

52,054

40,50739,009

56,242

66,390

64,15462,464

63,149

55,745

58,02056,350

42,481

48,867

010

,000

20,00

030

,000

40,00

050

,000

60,00

070

,000

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Registered Filipino Emigrants

NATIONAL STATISTICAL COORDINATION BOARDTOTAL: 1,238,934

Other Countries: 24,115 (1.9 %)

U.S.A.869,973(70.2 %)

AUSTRALIA86,223(7.0 %)

JAPAN68,419(5.5 %)

CANADA169,443(13.7 %) U.K.

6,229(0.5 %)

GERMANY9,427

(0.8 %)

Distribution of Registered Emigrants by Major Countries of Destination (1981-2003)


SOURCES OF DATA

Emigrant registration from CFO

Statistics on departing overseas Filipino Workers from POEA

Reports from Philippine Embassies and Consulates

i. From the number of passports issued ii. Reports on inter-marriages iii. Assistance-to-Nationals cases iv. Head Count


SOURCES OF DATA

Statistics on tourist arrivals from DOT

Reports from Filipino associations and organizations overseas

Reports from foreign Embassies and Consulates

Census of foreign governments on their immigrant population


LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS

Double counting

No comprehensive and accurate data on returning Filipinos

No comprehensive data on 2nd and 3rd generation overseas Filipinos

No available comprehensive data yet on those who acquired foreign citizenships


AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT

Use of embarkation and disembarkation card of Bureau of Immigration to enhance collection of data on departing and returning Filipinos

Use of census on families of overseas Filipinos

Enhance the collection of data of Philippine Embassies and Consulates


AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT

Adopt a specific and common procedure and mechanism in gathering statistics on overseas Filipinos (particularly on the number of irregular migrants)

Adopt common definition of terms and international statistical standards Analysis and interpretation of statistical data and flow

Conduct an international conference on stock estimation of migrants


OUTBOUND PHILIPPINE RESIDENTS:

“ … departures of Filipinos who are permanent residents of the Philippines as well as aliens and naturalized citizens of the Philippines with permanent residence in the country.”

Source: DOT Statistical Report

Department of Tourism: CONCEPTS


Travel and Tourism Statistical System (TTSS) by DOT

•Objectives

–To generate statistics on the profile and travel characteristics of outbound Philippine residents, former Filipinos and overseas Filipinos


TTSS Scope and CoverageTTSS Scope and Coverage

Included in Visitor Count Not Included in Visitor Count

Tourist Transit /change plane

Excursionist Aliens with pre-arranged

Cruise passengers employment in Phil.

Overseas Filipinos Immigrants

Overseas Filipino workers

Returning Residents


TTSS Scope and CoverageTTSS Scope and Coverage

Included in Outbound Not Included in OutboundPhilippine Resident Count Philippine Resident Count

Overseas Filipino Visitors/tourist to the Philippines Workers Overseas FilipinosForeign Residents/ExpatriatesFilipino Residents


TTSS Sourcesof Data

TTSS Sourcesof Data

Arrival/ Departure Card

The Arrival/Departure Cards Processing Center (ADCPC) located in NAIA is responsible for the gathering, collection, encoding, data validation and downloading of initial files in NAIA, Cebu, Laoag, Davao, Subic and Clark. The downloaded data are further processed by the DOT’s TTSS.


TTSS OutputsTTSS Outputs

• Statistics on visitor arrivals by– country of residence– demographic profile– travel characteristics– mode of travel– port of entry– nationality

• Statistics on the actual volume of Overseas Filipino permanent residents abroad

• Statistics on former Filipino citizens by country of residence• Statistics on Outbound Philippine residents


TTSS OutputsTTSS Outputs

• Statistics on Outbound Philippine Residents– by port of disembarkation

– demographic profile

– travel characteristics

– by nationality

– mode of travel

– port of entry


3. Philippine Overseas Employment Administration

(POEA) and Overseas Workers Welfare Administration

(OWWA)

Shared OFW Database


Mandate

Sec 20 of Republic Act No. 8042• Establishment of a Shared

Government Information System for MigrationDFA, Commission of Filipinos Overseas,

DOLE, POEA, OWWA, DOT, DOJ,

Bu of Immigration, NBI, NSO


Concepts & Definitions

• Migrant Worker or OFW - a person who is to be engaged, or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a state of which he/she is not a legal resident

• Documented OFW - a migrant worker with valid visa or work permit whose employment contract has been processed by POEA



• Undocumented OFW - a migrant worker with insufficient employment documents, whose employment contract has not been processed by POEA

• Name-Hire - an OFW who was able to secure an overseas employment without the assistance or participation of any recruitment agency



• Worker on-Leave - an OFW who is on vacation and is returning to the same employer (Balik Manggagawa)

• Seafarer - Any person who is employed or engaged in any capacity on board a seagoing ship navigating the foreign seas other than a government ship used for military or non-commercial purposes e.g. fishermen, cruise ship personnel and those serving on foreign maritime mobile offshore and drilling units.


What is the NSO Survey on Overseas Filipinos (SOF)?

• It is undertaken every year as rider to the October round of the Labor Force Survey (LFS)

• A nationwide survey that gathers information on Filipino citizens who left for abroad during the last five years

National Statistics Office 22


• Provide estimates on the amount of cash received by the families

• Obtain national estimates on the number of overseas Filipinos

National Statistics Office

Objectives of the SOF

33


Landbased Seabased

Who are the Overseas Workers?

Filipinos who are presently and temporarily working overseas during the 5-year reference period.

They may or may not have an existing work contract abroad.



OFWs in April to September 2004 reach 1.18 million...

20.2%20.2%

0.98 MM

2003

1.18 MM

2004



OFWs in April to September 2004 reach 1.18 million...

2003 0.98 MM

2004 1.18 MM

OCW =OCW = 0.93 MM

OCW =OCW = 1.10 MM

17.717.7%%



AsiaAsia 76.4

%%AustraliaAustralia1.9 %%

EuropeEurope10.7 %%

AfricaAfrica1.3 %%

N & S AmericaN & S America9.2 %%

Saudi Arabia 258 Thousand

Japan115 Thousand

Majority of OFWs were in Asia...

Other CountriesOther Countries0.5 %%



20032003 20042004

Remittances from April to September 2004 amounted to 79.3 billion pesos…

National Statistics Office

PhP PhP 70.4 Billion Billion

PhP PhP 79.3 Billion Billion PhP PhP 8.9 BB

1313


Seven out of ten OFWs used banks in sending their cash remittances…

71.971.9 % %

BanksBanks

22.7 % %

Door Door to to

DoorDoor

2.9 % %

Agency Agency

1.8 % %

Friends/Friends/Co-Co-

WorkersWorkers

0.7 % %

OthersOthers



More than 66 percent of the cash remittances came from OFWs in Asia…

N&S AmericaN&S AmericaTotal = PhP Total = PhP 7.2BB

Ave = PhP Ave = PhP 80,800

EuropeEuropeTotal = PhP Total = PhP 8.4BB

Ave = PhP Ave = PhP 81,000

AsiaAsiaTotal = PhP Total = PhP 37.4BBAve = PhP Ave = PhP 52,000



Current Initiatives in the PSS

• IAC on Shared Government Information System for Migration (IACSGISM)– Objectives/Plan: (1) Make available among all

concerned information contained in existing databases; (2) Linking of databases for free-flow of data exchanges and sharing

Lead: Department of Foreign Affairs assisted by the CFO

Issues: Lack of funds in implementing an integrated systemConvened last in 2002, but hold small group meetings with CFO


Initiatives in the PSS

• Central Bank’s IAC on Overseas Employment and Tourism Statistics– Aimed at rationalizing data collection and

harmonize measurement methodologies concerning Overseas Filipino Workers’ (OFW) incomes and international travel variables

– Initial outputs:• Assessment of current practices and

methodologies• Average salaries of OFWs• Common methodology in estimating economic

contribution of OFWs


Most Current Initiatives• NSCB Task Force on Overseas Filipino

Statistics’ Terms of Reference

– Review and evaluate the data generation activities of all concerned agencies for monitoring the stock and flow of overseas Filipinos

– Review concepts and definitions– Formulate recommendations on appropriate

concepts and definitions and the estimation and utilization of data on the stock and flow of overseas Filipinos


Outputs

• Assessment of existing data generation systems including issues and concerns of the various agencies

• Proposed Operational Framework which situate the Overseas Filipino Workers(OFWs) among the Overseas Filipinos (OF), and OFs classified into:– Permanent– Temporary

Proposed Standard Concepts and Definitions


Framework

• Permanent Overseas Filipinos

• Temporary Overseas Filipinos:– Documented OFWs– Visitors– Undocumented Filipinos– Others (Students and dependents of OFWs,

etc.)


Concept of Overseas Filipinos

• Are Filipino nationals abroad categorized as:

– Migrant Workers– Permanent residents or immigrants– Former Filipino Citizens– Holders of non-immigrant visas like

tourists/visitors, students, medical patients, those on official mission and others

– Descendants of Filipino nationals overseas


Permanent Overseas Filipinos

• Shall mean Filipinos who are permanent residents abroad, including Filipino immigrants who are already citizens or are still Filipino citizens awaiting naturalization, recognition or admission


Temporary Overseas Filipinos

• Shall mean Filipinos whose stay overseas is employment related and are expected to return at the end of their work contracts (including their dependents), holders of non-immigrant visas like tourists/visitors, students, medical patients, those on official mission and others


Future Directions

• Optimal utilization of the A/D card to enhance collection of data on departing/returning Filipinos

• Revision of the A/D card to reflect information on length of stay and purpose of travel

• Adoption of common definitions• Harmonization of reporting systems of DFA and

CFO• Revisiting the design of the NSO Survey of

Overseas Filipinos • Reactivating the IACSGISM


»Thank You!

national statistical coordination board un expert group meeting on measuring international migration...

Documents

statistical research

statistical frameworks

statistical matters

statistical activities

philippine statistical

castro slide

psna slide

filipino nationals