national initiative on - umd · 02/10/2009 · forte & bruckman, siggroup2005; hanson, 2008...
TRANSCRIPT
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National Initiative on
Technology-Mediated Social/Civic Participation
Ben Shneiderman [email protected]
Founding Director (1983-2000), Human-Computer Interaction LabProfessor, Department of Computer Science
Member, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies
(Copyright 2009 Ben Shneiderman)
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Interdisciplinary research community- Computer Science & Info Studies- Psych, Socio, Poli Sci & MITH
(www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)
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Design Issues
• Input devices & strategies• Keyboards, pointing devices, voice• Direct manipulation• Menus, forms, commands
• Output devices & formats• Screens, windows, color, sound• Text, tables, graphics• Instructions, messages, help
• Collaboration & Social Media• Help, tutorials, training• Search
www.awl.com/DTUI
Fifth Edition: March 2009
• Visualization
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Wikipedia
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• Restructuring• Economies, political structures, social systems• Scientific disciplines & methods• Academic curricula & teaching strategies• Government agendas
Social Computing: Transformative Movement
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• Restructuring• Economies, political structures, social systems• Scientific disciplines & methods• Academic curricula & teaching strategies• Government agendas
• Crime, terrrorism, racial hatred, dictatorships
Social Computing: Transformative Movement
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• Human-Computer Interaction• Web Science• Social Computing/Social Informatics• Information: I-Schools• Business: B-Schools• Design: D-Schools
• Social Physics (Auguste Comte, 1830)• Social Sciences• Complexity, Chaos & Network Theory
Can Computing Evolve?
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1) Focus on National Priorities & Impact• Health, energy, education, business innovation• Disaster response, community safety• Environmental awareness, biodiversity
2) Develop Theories of Social Computing• How do networks evolve? Can we predict areas of
growth, stability, decline, infections, disruptions?• Can we guide intervention to stop terrorists,
slow epidemics, increase sales, promote health?
3) Provide Technology Infrastructure• Scalable, reliable, universal, manageable• Protect privacy, stop attacks, resolve conflicts
Vision: Social Computing
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1) Focus on National Priorities & Impact• Health, energy, education, business innovation• Disaster response, community safety• Environmental awareness, biodiversity
2) Develop Theories of Social Computing• How do networks evolve? Can we predict areas of
growth, stability, decline, infections, disruptions?• Can we guide intervention to stop terrorists,
slow epidemics, increase sales, promote health?
3) Provide Technology Infrastructure• Scalable, reliable, universal, manageable• Protect privacy, stop attacks, resolve conflicts
Vision: Social Computing
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Health & Healthcare
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Energy, Education, Business Innovation
Energystar.gov
innocentive.com
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Disaster Response: Wildfires
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Community Safety: Abducted Children
www.ncmec.orgwww.missingkids.com
www.amberalert.gov
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Biodiversity: Encyclopedia of Life
eol.org
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UN Millennium Development Goals
• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger• Achieve universal primary education• Promote gender equality and empower women• Reduce child mortality• Improve maternal health• Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases• Ensure environmental sustainability• Develop a global partnership for development
To be achieved by 2015
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1) Focus on National Priorities & Impact• Health, energy, education, business innovation• Disaster response, community safety• Environmental awareness, biodiversity
2) Develop Theories of Social Computing• How do networks evolve? Can we predict areas of
growth, stability, decline, infections, disruptions?• Can we guide intervention to stop terrorists,
slow epidemics, increase sales, promote health?
3) Provide Technology Infrastructure• Scalable, reliable, universal, manageable• Protect privacy, stop attacks, resolve conflicts
Vision: Social Computing
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Network Theories: Evolution models
• Random, preferential attachment, triangles…• Monotonic, bursty, 3-phase…• Power law for degree (hubs & indexes)• Small-world property• Forest fire, spreading activation …• Matures, collapses, decays, fragments, …
Watts & Strogatz, Nature 1998; Barabasi, Science 1999, 2009;Newman, Phys.Rev.Lett 2002
Kumar, Novak & Tomkins, KDD2006Leskovec, Faloutsos & Kleinberg, TKDD2007
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Motivations for participation
• Fear, imminent threat(Rogers, 1975)
• Revenge, response to tragedy, guilt(Hanson, 2008)
• Egoism, altruism, collectivism, principlism(Batson, Ahmad & Tseng, 2002)
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Stages of participation
Wikipedia & Reporting sites • Reader• First-time Contributor
(Legitimate Peripheral Participation)
• Returning Contributor• Frequent Contributor
Preece, Nonnecke & Andrews, CHB2004Forte & Bruckman, SIGGROUP2005; Hanson, 2008
Porter: Designing for the Social Web, 2008Vassileva, 2002, 2005; Ling et al., JCMC 2005; Rashid et al., CHI2006
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Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers
From Reader to Leader:Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Preece & Shneiderman, AIS Trans. Human-Computer Interaction1 (1), July 2009aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/
Leader
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1) Focus on National Priorities & Impact• Health, energy, education, business innovation• Disaster response, community safety• Environmental awareness, biodiversity
2) Develop Theories of Social Computing• How do networks evolve? Can we predict areas of
growth, stability, decline, infections, disruptions?• Can we guide intervention to stop terrorists,
slow epidemics, increase sales, promote health?
3) Provide Technology Infrastructure• Scalable, reliable, universal, manageable• Protect privacy, stop attacks, resolve conflicts
Vision: Social Computing
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Technology Infrastructure
• Platform & browser independent• Desktop, Web, Mobile• Petabytes, Tera-contribs, Giga-collabs• 24/7, 100% uptime, secure, private
• Universal access & usability• Trust, empathy, responsibility• Enables leaders to manage activity• Supports continuous improvement
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SocialAction: Senate Vote Patterns
Perer & Shneiderman, CHI 2008www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/socialaction
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NodeXL:Network Overview for Discovery & Exploration in Excel
www.codeplex.com/nodexlcasci.umd.edu/NodeXL_Teaching
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1) Focus on National Priorities & Impact• Health, energy, education, business innovation• Disaster response, community safety• Environmental awareness, biodiversity
2) Develop Theories of Social Computing• How do networks evolve? Can we predict areas of
growth, stability, decline, infections, disruptions?• Can we guide intervention to stop terrorists,
slow epidemics, increase sales, promote health?
3) Provide Technology Infrastructure• Scalable, reliable, universal• Protect privacy, stop attacks, resolve conflicts
Vision: Social Computing
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Early Steps
NSF-funded Workshops- Dec 10-11, PARC- Feb 11-12, NSF-HQ
http://iparticipate.wikispaces.com
www.tmsp.umd.edu
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Road ahead
• Much work to be done• Difficult to attain all our goals• But we can make important contributions
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Road ahead
• Much work to be done• Difficult to attain all our goals• But we can make important contributions
• Shift public policy• National Institutes for Social Computing• National Initiative for Social Participation
• Change our research community• Restructure our academic curricula
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www.cs.umd.edu/hcil