nathan mikaere wallis x factor education ltd. [email protected] understanding changes to...
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Nathan Mikaere WallisX Factor Education Ltd. [email protected]
Understanding Changes to the Developing Brain
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1990’s The 1990’s The Decade of the BrainDecade of the Brain
* * TranscriptionTranscription genes/epigenetics. genes/epigenetics.
* growth of cortex relationship-* growth of cortex relationship-dependantdependant
* first three years the most important* first three years the most important Cozolino, Louis (2006) The neuroscience of human relationships: Attachment and the developing social brain.
New York, NY, US: W W Norton & Co.
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Perry’s Neurosequential ModelEmpathyEmpathy
Controlling yourselfControlling yourself
LiteracyLiteracy
Emotional responseEmotional response
CoordinationCoordination
MovementMovement
Heart rateHeart rate
Fight,flight,freezeFight,flight,freeze
Perry, B.D. (2002). Brain Structure and Function I: Basics of Organisation. Adapted in part from “Maltreated Children: Experience, Brain Development and the Next Generation (W.W. Norton & Company).
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Cortexbrainstem
High Activity
Low Activity
To really be using your cortex, your brainstem needs to be calm
As one increases, the other declines – and vice versa
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Effects of Trauma, abuse and Effects of Trauma, abuse and neglect on the developing brainneglect on the developing brain
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Image from Raine, A. (2009). Murderous Minds: Can we see the mark of Cain? Accessed from http://www.dana.org/news/cerebrum/detail.aspx?id+3066 On 30/1/2011.
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BRAIN CHILD NEEDS
Adapted from: McCaleb, M. & Mikaere-Wallis, N. Relationship-shaping: Teacher consistency and implications for brain development. The First Years/Ngā Tau Tuatahi: New Zealand Infant and
Toddler Education, 7(2), 21-25
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exercise
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Other Major Changes
• Melatonin (Sleep!)
• Facial expression
• Risk taking
• Peer Influence
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Memory and Alcohol
Image from Susan Tapert PhD. University of California, San Diego.
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• Work with the parietal lobe
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Responding to Challenging Behaviour
3. Cognitive Training. Cognitive training
2. Validation. Emotional validation
1. Safety. Ensure well being and help to calm
Pro social behaviours
Survival/reptilian behaviours
stre
ss
atta
chm
ent
Cortex____________________________
Limbic__________
Mid brain______ brainstem
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Responding to Challenging Behaviour
4. Cognitive Training. Cognitive training
3. Validation. Emotional validation
1. Touch. Ensure well being and help to calm
Pro social behaviours
Survival/reptilian behaviours
stre
ss
atta
chm
ent
Cortex____________________________
Limbic__________
Mid brain______ brainstem
2. Rhythm
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Pinel, J.P.J. (2000). Biopsychology (4th ed.) Boston: Allyn & Bacon. p. 57.
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Endorphins = Fertilizer
Cortisol = weed killer
If we imagine the brain as a garden....
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At birthAt birth At 6 yearsAt 6 years 14 14 yearsyears