napoleon bonaparte ch 20 a. i. rise of napoleon born napoleone buonaparte; august 15,1769 – may 5,...
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Napoleon Bonaparte Ch 20 A
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I. Rise of Napoleon
• Born Napoleone Buonaparte; August 15,1769 – May 5, 1821• Corsican
• Italian Nobility• Went to military school in Brienne
• Then officer school in Paris
• Was able to come to power due to France taking over Corsica• French Revolution made all men, in their territory equal
• Kept getting promoted to obscurity and then turns it around brings himself to prominence • Directory tried to use him and leave him
• Napoleon was too smart.
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I. Rise of Napoleon
• Directory tried to have him attack Ireland• He chooses Egypt
• British destroy French fleet and he sneaks back to France due to threats on him.
• Constitution of the Year III (1795)• Very unpopular and resulted in the riots
• “Whiff of Grapeshot”
• Constitution of Year VIII (1800)• Sets up strong executive branch
• Sieyes• Napoleon forces his retirement and becomes the 1st Consul
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II. Emperor Napoleon
• Concordat of 1801• Solves problem with Catholic Church and Pope
• Catholicism is major French religion and state selects clergy and pays them• Pope has a say
• Napoleonic Code• Civil Code of 1804
• Universal French law (Equal everywhere)
• 1804 Bomb Attack• Used it to make himself emperor (1804-1814)
• Another constitution• Pope present but Napoleon crowns himself
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II. Emperor Napoleon
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III. Decline• Invasion of Russia (1812)
• Russia was a threat • Decided to invade (easy defeat)• Russia used scorched earth and allowed Russian
winter to defeat France• Napoleon fled to put down trouble in Paris
• European Coalition• Fear of Napoleon’s power• Russia, Prussia, Britain and Austria (becomes
Quadruple alliance• Wellington defeats Napoleon
• Exiled to Elba (Italian island) March 1814
• Restored Bourbons
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III. Decline• Quadruple Alliance was disunited
without fighting Napoleon• Napoleon returns March 1, 1815
• 100 days• People still loyal• Promised to be peaceful and reformed
• Declared outlaw
• Wellington defeats him at the Battle of Waterloo (Belgium) on June 18,1815
• Exiled Saint Helena (Atlantic Coast of Africa• Died 1821
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