PowerPoint Presentation

By Christopher JonesNaming Hydrocarbons

Words to knowAlkane- A hydrocarbon without a double bond, triple bond or ring structure.Alkene- A hydrocarbon with one or more double bonds and no triple bond.Alkyne- A hydrocarbon with one or more triple bonds.Double bond- Covalent bond resulting from the sharing of four electrons (two pairs) between two atoms.Triple bond- Achemicallinkageconsistingofthreecovalentbondsbetween twoatomsofamoleculeSubstituents- A carbon group hanging off of a parent chain in an hydrocarbon.

HydrogensThere must be 4 hydrogens bonded on each carbon atom. Every single bond counts as one the rest are but next to the carbon Example Ch3-Ch2-Ch3Double bonds count as two hydrogensExample Ch2=Ch2-Ch3Triple bond, which I will use + to represent, counts as 3 hydrogensExample Ch+C-Ch3

The triple bond is usually represented by 3 lines just like the double bond is represented by 2 lines.3

Step one

The first step in naming an alkane is to find the longest concurrent chain in the formula.This will be you parent chain.

Step two

Name the substituents of the alkane

Naming substituents

A one carbon substituent is called methylA two carbon substituent is called ethylA three carbon substituent is called propylThere are more but these are the most common found.

Step three

Number your parent chain making sure that the numbers the substituents land on add up to the smallest sum.

fourth stepNaming the alkane, list the numbers where substituents lie, what the substituent is and the name of the parent chain PARENT CHAIN NAMESSingle carbon = methaneTwo carbon = ethaneThree carbon = propaneFour carbon = butaneFive carbon = pentaneSix carbon = hexaneSeven carbon = HeptaneEight carbon = octane

sources

Text: Timberlake, Chemistry and introduction to General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry 8th editionWeb: chemistry dictionary

This has been my presentation on naming hydrocarbons.

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