naming compounds review naming ionic, covalent, and...
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Unit B chemical naming review.notebook
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April 16, 2018
Naming Compounds Review
Naming Ionic, Covalent, and Polyatomic compounds
Compounds Compounds: pure substances containing atoms of more than one type of element joined together by chemical bonds (electrical attractions that hold atoms or ions together)
Naming Chart – to help you out as we go through this processNaming Compounds
Binary Polyatomic
Metals+NonMetals NonMetals+NonMetals (Ionic) (Covalent/Molecular)
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Molecular Elements Molecule: is made of atoms bonding together
Element: atoms are all the same type
Molecular Element: Bonding atoms that are all the same type
There are some elements that LOVE, LOVE, LOVE electrons and will try to get them from
wherever possible even from other atoms of the same element.
o Example: Oxygen is so desperate for electrons it starts to steal electrons from other oxygen atoms which is why we ALWAYS see oxygen as O2
Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Hydrogen
Phosphorus Sulfur
Our Molecular Elements
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Ionic Compounds Ionic Compounds: metal + nonmetal (cation + anion) combinations formed by the transfer of electrons (ionic bonding)
Example: NaCl (sodium chloride or table salt)
In Ionic bonding, atoms transfer electrons to form ions that are electrically attracted to each other. The final compound MUST have a net charge of zero
NAMING RULES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS:1. Write the name of the cation (metal)2. Write the name of the anion (nonmetal) but change the ending to –IDE
Examples: Univalent binary compounds Example 1: Na + Cl
Example 2: Ca + Cl
Example 3: Al + Cl
Example 4: Ca + S
Example 5: Al + S
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Multivalent Binary Ionic Compounds Multivalent metals are metals that form more than one ion, each with its own particular charge
Example: Fe3+
Fe2+So which one is it? 3+ or 2+????
The ion listed on top or listed FIRST is the most common form so we will use this one unless otherwise stated.
For naming multivalent binary ionic compounds we need to use roman numerals.
Number Roman Numeral
12345678910
Example:
Fe3+ à______________Fe2+ à______________
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More Examples to do together: Example 1: iron + oxygen
Example 2: titanium + sulfur
Example 3: mercury + oxygen
Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions are composed of a group of atoms with a net positive or negative charge
o Example à borate = BO33
Examples:1. Write the formula for the ion silicate.
2. Write the formula for the ion phosphate.
3. Write the formula for the ion ammonium à This is the only CATION
4. K+ + MnO4
5. Mg2+ + OH
6. Show how iron (II) hydrogen sulfite is composed
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Covalent/Molecular Bonding
Covalent compounds are made of TWO DIFFERENT NONMETAL ATOMS!
Mono = 1 Hexa = 6Di = 2 Hepta = 7Tri = 3 Octa = 8Tetra = 4 Nona = 9Penta = 5 Deca = 10
Naming Rules:1. Name the first element and use a prefix to indicate the number of each element (but no need to use “mono” on the first element)
2. Name the second element by shortening it and adding –IDE. Add the appropriate prefix.
******* Some molecular substances do NOT follow the naming rules, therefore you are required to memorize their common names:
Formula Name
O3 Ozone
HOH (H2O) Water
NH3 Ammonia
CH4 Methane
C12H22O11 Sugar
CH3OH Methanol
C2H5OH Ethanol
H2O2 Hydrogen Peroxide
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Examples:1. CO2 à _________________________________________________
2. N2O à _________________________________________________
3. SO3 à __________________________________________________
4. PCl5 à __________________________________________________
5. N2O4 à ________________________________________________